This document provides an overview of rural waste management and building drainage systems. It discusses the aims of proper drainage, including preventing foul gas entry and quick removal of waste. Key principles of drainage system planning and design are outlined, such as using durable, non-absorbent pipes with airtight joints. The document also reviews inspection and testing of drainage systems, as well as maintenance measures like regular flushing and disinfectant use.

2. COURSE CODE – RT- 205 (RURAL WASTE
MANAGEMENT)
SESSION- 2018-19
PRESENTING BY-
ANJALI PATEL
M.Sc. (RT) 2nd sem.
DEPARTMENT OF RURAL TECHNOLOGYAND
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT,
GURU GHASIDAS VISHWAVIDYALAYA, BILASPUR
(C.G.)

3.  Introduction
 Definition
 Aims of waste water drainage
 Needs of good drainage system in building
 Principle of planning and design of house drainage
 Inspection of building drainage system
 Testing of drainage system
 Maintenance of building drainage system

4.  In order to maintain in healthy environment, the
waste water coming from the kitchens, bathroom,
water closet, urinals of the building has to be
drained properly.
 If the waste is not drained properly, it lead to
stagnation in and around the building causing
nuisance, effect on the health.

5. It is the arrangement provided in a house or
building for collecting or conveying waste water
though drain pipes, by gravity, to join either a
public sewer or a domestic septic tank is termed
as house drainage or building drainage .

6. Waste water Drainage System

7.  To prevent the entry of foul gases from the sewer
line.
 To provide facilities for the quick removal of foul
matter such as human excreta from the water
closets.
 To collect the sewage systematically for its further
conveyance, treatment and disposal.
 To provide healthy and aesthetic environment in
the building.

8.  The drainage pipes should be strong and durable.
The pipes should be of non-absorbent material.
 The pipes and joints should be airtight to prevent the
leakage of waste water or gases.
 The network of pipes should have sufficient accessibility
for inspection, cleaning and removing the barrier.
 The levels of building, sewer and other point of outlet
should be fixed accurately.
 As per as possible drain should not pass under the
buildings.
 The system should have trap at all necessary points.

9.  The drains should be given proper ventilation to
avoid air locks.
 The foul matter should be quickly removed away
from the sanitary fixtures so as to avoid the
putrefaction and of bad smelling gases.
 The drainage system should be able to prevent the
entry of gases, vermin from the sewer into the
building.
 the branch drain should be as short as possible.
 The drains should not pass near or under trees to
avoid the damage of pipe by the roots.

10. It is advisable to lay sewers by the side of building
rather than below the building.
 The drains should be straight between the inspection
chambers or manholes.
 The entire system should be properly ventilated.
 The house drain should connected to the public sewer
only if the public sewer is deeper than house drain
otherwise reverse flow from public sewer to the house
drain.
 The house drain should contain enough number of
traps at suitable point for efficient function of it.

11.  The joint of sewer should be water tight.
 The layout of house drainage system should permit
easy cleaning and removal of barrier.
 The material of sewer should not absorb the
sewage and should be provided to protect then
from external loads by earth cushioning.
 The rain water from houses is collected from roof
and conveys it to storm water drain through catch
basins or inlets.
 The sewage formed should be conveyed as early as
possible after its formation.

12.  The flow through the drains should be observed bye
opening the inspection chambers.
 If there are damp spots, they should be detected as
the indicated leakages.
 The water closets, and traps should be examined.
 Emission of bad smell if any from the sanitary block
should be detected.
 A detailed survey of the entire system is made and
then completely checked.

13. (1) Air test – In this test, air is blown into the drain
after plugging the ends. This soap solution is then
applied. The formation of bubbles indicates leakages.
(2) Hydraulic Test or Water Test – The drain is plugged
at the lower inspection chamber and the water is
filled under the pressure of 0.015W/mm2. There
should not be any visible drop in water level within
ten minutes.
(3) Smell Test – Air mix with some smelling gas and is
allowed to pass through the drainage pipe. Leaky
joints can be detected by smelling.

14. (4) Color water Test- Color water is added from
one side. The leakage can be easily seen.
(5) Smoke Test - This test is used to detected
leakage of rain water pipes and other vertical
waste pipes. In this test smoke is forced into the
pipe. Leakage can be detected by smell or vision
of the smoke through the joint.

15. (1) Entry of Undesired elements – The substance like sand,
grit, decayed fruits, pieces of cloth, leaves should not
allowed into the sewers and collected separately.
(2) Flushing – In order to maintain the house drainage
system in proper working order, It is advisable to flush it
once or twice a day.
(3) Inspection – The various units of house drainage system
in proper working order, it intervals and damaged
pipes/washer of leaky taps should be replaced.
(4) Use of Disinfectants – To maintain good sanitary
conditions in the building, phenol or disinfectants should
be use.

16. WEBSITE-
https:/www.slideshare.net/drainage-system-for-a –
building.