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Voters and Voter Behavior 
Section 1
The Constitution and the Right to 
Vote 
• A. History of Voting Rights: 
• 1. Early 1800’s—many regulations 
were removed from voting rights: 
religious, property ownership, 
taxes
• 2. 15th Amendment—removed 
racial barriers after Civil War 
• *African Americans still faced 
voting barriers
• 3. 19th Amendment—allowed 
women the right to vote in 1920
• 4. In 1960, Congress: 
–Banned poll taxes 
–Passed the Voting Rights Act 
–Allowed residents of DC the right 
to vote 
–*All these expanded the voting 
rights of African Americans
• B. Power to Set Voting 
Qualifications: 
• 1. Constitution reserves the States 
rights to set suffrage 
requirements—but restricts their 
use of that power
• 2. These restrictions prohibit the 
States from withholding suffrage 
from groups protected by the 
Constitution 
• *African Americans 
• *Women 
• *Persons above the age of 18
• 3. Forbid the use of poll taxes 
• 4. Require States to allow persons 
qualified to vote in lower house of 
State Legislature to vote for 
members of Congress (Senate)
Section 2: Voter Qualifications 
• Citizenship of Residents 
• 1. Citizenship 
–Aliens are not allowed to vote, 
although the Const. does not 
specifically prohibit it
Citizenship Cont. 
• Only Minnesota has a distinction 
between native born and 
naturalized citizens
• 2. Residence 
–All states have resident 
requirements 
–Prevents election fraud (See 
Bloody Kansas) 
–Helps ensure residents get to know 
who is running for office and what 
issues are
Residence Cont. 
• 1972—SC ruled states could not 
require a waiting period of longer 
than 30 days 
• Almost all states deny the right to 
vote to transients
• 3. Age 
–26th Amendment sets 18 as the 
minimum age to vote 
–Many states do allow 17 year 
olds to vote in primary 
elections IF they will turn 18 
before the general election
Other Qualifications… 
• 1. Registration 
• States require voters to show 
identification when they reg. to 
vote
• 2. Literacy: 
• Tests were used to ensure voters 
had capacity to cast informed 
ballot 
• Used against blacks 
• Banned by Congress in 1970
• 3. Tax Payments 
• Poll taxes were common in the 
South 
• Banned by Congress in 1960’s
• 4. Who may not vote 
• Mentally incompetent 
• Criminals 
• Some states do not let those 
dishonorably discharged from 
Military to vote 
• Homeless and Polygamists not 
allowed to vote in some states

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Voters:behavior chap 6 sec 1 and 2

  • 1. Voters and Voter Behavior Section 1
  • 2. The Constitution and the Right to Vote • A. History of Voting Rights: • 1. Early 1800’s—many regulations were removed from voting rights: religious, property ownership, taxes
  • 3. • 2. 15th Amendment—removed racial barriers after Civil War • *African Americans still faced voting barriers
  • 4. • 3. 19th Amendment—allowed women the right to vote in 1920
  • 5. • 4. In 1960, Congress: –Banned poll taxes –Passed the Voting Rights Act –Allowed residents of DC the right to vote –*All these expanded the voting rights of African Americans
  • 6. • B. Power to Set Voting Qualifications: • 1. Constitution reserves the States rights to set suffrage requirements—but restricts their use of that power
  • 7. • 2. These restrictions prohibit the States from withholding suffrage from groups protected by the Constitution • *African Americans • *Women • *Persons above the age of 18
  • 8. • 3. Forbid the use of poll taxes • 4. Require States to allow persons qualified to vote in lower house of State Legislature to vote for members of Congress (Senate)
  • 9. Section 2: Voter Qualifications • Citizenship of Residents • 1. Citizenship –Aliens are not allowed to vote, although the Const. does not specifically prohibit it
  • 10. Citizenship Cont. • Only Minnesota has a distinction between native born and naturalized citizens
  • 11. • 2. Residence –All states have resident requirements –Prevents election fraud (See Bloody Kansas) –Helps ensure residents get to know who is running for office and what issues are
  • 12. Residence Cont. • 1972—SC ruled states could not require a waiting period of longer than 30 days • Almost all states deny the right to vote to transients
  • 13. • 3. Age –26th Amendment sets 18 as the minimum age to vote –Many states do allow 17 year olds to vote in primary elections IF they will turn 18 before the general election
  • 14. Other Qualifications… • 1. Registration • States require voters to show identification when they reg. to vote
  • 15. • 2. Literacy: • Tests were used to ensure voters had capacity to cast informed ballot • Used against blacks • Banned by Congress in 1970
  • 16. • 3. Tax Payments • Poll taxes were common in the South • Banned by Congress in 1960’s
  • 17. • 4. Who may not vote • Mentally incompetent • Criminals • Some states do not let those dishonorably discharged from Military to vote • Homeless and Polygamists not allowed to vote in some states