This document defines volcanoes as openings in the Earth's crust that allow molten rock and gases to escape. It notes that over half of the world's active volcanoes above sea level are located along the Ring of Fire. Volcanoes form when tectonic plates collide, spread apart, or interact under a plate. The parts of a volcano include the crater, pipe, cone, and vent. There are three main types of volcanoes: composite/strato volcanoes, shield volcanoes, and cinder cone volcanoes. Volcanic eruptions can have both beneficial effects like adding nutrients to soil or creating new islands, and harmful effects like releasing aerosols or abandoning land.

1. VOLCANOES

2. A. Definition
1.Volcano – is an opening (or
rupture) in the surface or crust of
Earth which allows hot, molten rock,
ash and gases to escape from deep
below the surface.

3. Ring of Fire

4. A. Definition
2. Ring of Fire – is the region
where more than half of the active
volcanoes of the world that are above
sea level are located or found.

7. B. How Volcanoes are
Formed
1. When Plates collide, a
volcano is formed

10. B. How Volcanoes are
Formed
2. When Plates spread
apart, a volcano is formed

12. B. How Volcanoes are
Formed
3. Volcanoes are formed in
the middle of a Plate

13. C. Parts of a Volcano
Crater
Pipe
Cone
Vent

14. D. Kinds of Volcanoes
Mayon Volcano

15. D. Kinds of Volcanoes
1. Composite/Strato Volcanoes
 are formed by alternating layers of lava and
rock fragments
 erupt in an explosive way

16. D. Kinds of Volcanoes
Mauna Loa

17. D. Kinds of Volcanoes
2. Shield Volcanoes
 are among the biggest volcanoes
 are made of many layers of runny lava flows
 low-explosivity

18. D. Kinds of Volcanoes
Paricutin Volcano

19. D. Kinds of Volcanoes
3. Cinder Cone Volcanoes
 are made of lava fragments called cinders
 low-explosivity

20. E. Categories of Volcanoes
if it has erupted
recently or about
10 000 years ago
• Also called
Dormant
• If it rarely has a
record of previous
eruption
Active Inactive

21. F. Kinds of Volcanic
Eruptions
VIDEO

22. F. Kinds of Volcanic
Eruptions
1. Eruptive Pulse
 an explosion with eruption plume
 may last from a few seconds to
minutes

24. F. Kinds of Volcanic
Eruptions
2. Eruptive Phase
 numerous eruptions that may
alternate between plume and
lava surges
 may last from a few hours to days

26. F. Kinds of Volcanic
Eruptions
3. Eruptive Episode
 is composed of several phases
that may last a few days, months
or years

27. G. Beneficial and harmful
Effects of Volcanic Eruptions
1. Attracts tourists and visitors

28. G. Beneficial and harmful
Effects of Volcanic Eruptions
2. Adds nutrients to the soil

29. G. Beneficial and harmful
Effects of Volcanic Eruptions
3. Creation of new islands

30. G. Beneficial and harmful
Effects of Volcanic Eruptions
4. Release of aerosols

31. G. Beneficial and harmful
Effects of Volcanic Eruptions
5. Acid rain

32. G. Beneficial and harmful
Effects of Volcanic Eruptions
6. Abandoning of land and homes

33. Directions: Classify the effects of
Volcanic eruptions as
Beneficial or Harmful.
Put the effects in their
corresponding column.

34. Beneficial Harmful

35. Directions: Answer the following
questions.
1. What is a volcano?
2-4.How are volcanoes formed?
5-8. What are the parts of a
volcano?
9-10. What are the categories of
Volcanoes?

36. 11-13. What are the classifications
of Volcanoes?
14. Give 1 beneficial effect of
Volcanic eruptions
15. Give 1 harmful effect of Volcanic
eruptions

37. 2-19-13
Assignment
Directions: On a ½ crosswise, write
in five to six sentences the effects
of volcanic eruptions. Pass it next
meeting, February 20, 2013,
Wednesday.