Volcanoes 2
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A volcano is a vent in the Earth's crust where magma, gases, and ash erupt from below the surface. The 1883 eruption of Krakatoa in Indonesia was highly destructive. Volcanoes form at boundaries where tectonic plates meet or at hot spots in the mantle. An eruption releases gases, water vapor, lava, and ash. Volcanoes can be active, dormant, or extinct depending on their recent eruption history. They come in different shapes and sizes and produce various rock types and lava flows that can build up or spread out.
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Volcanoes form at boundaries where tectonic plates meet. The Earth's surface is composed of tectonic plates that fit together like a jigsaw puzzle. Volcanic eruptions occur when magma from the Earth's interior reaches the surface through weaknesses along plate boundaries. There are different types of volcanoes that form depending on the viscosity of the lava, including shield, composite, cinder cone, and lava dome volcanoes. Major volcanic eruptions can cause dangerous natural disasters like tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, mudflows and rockfalls.
Chapter1
The document provides an overview of the geological history of Montana from over 4 billion years ago to present day. It describes how continents collided and volcanic activity shaped the landscape, leaving behind fossils and mineral deposits. Glaciers advanced and retreated across the land during ice ages in the Cenozoic era. Geologists can study the layers of rock and fossils to piece together how the physical features of Montana were formed by various geological processes over millions of years.
What are Volcanoes?
Volcanoes form when pressure builds up below the Earth's crust, causing magma and gases to erupt through openings. Scientists categorize volcanoes as active, dormant, or extinct based on their eruption history. The movement of tectonic plates causes friction that results in earthquakes and volcanic eruptions, particularly along plate boundaries, according to the theory of plate tectonics. There are over 1,500 active volcanoes on Earth, with more located under the oceans, and active volcanoes in the United States are primarily found in Hawaii, Alaska, California, Oregon and Washington.
Volcanoes and earth quakes
Earthquakes occur when tectonic plates in the Earth's crust suddenly break and shift. Most scientists believe the crust is made up of these massive plates that are constantly moving slowly. When plates collide or move apart, it can cause volcanoes to form or earthquakes to happen. Volcanoes erupt when magma is pushed up from the Earth's mantle due to gas pressure. Major eruptions can destroy towns and bury them in lava, preserving structures and remains like the 1902 eruption of Mount Pelee volcano in St. Pierre, Martinique that killed 29,000 people. Plate tectonics and the movement of continents over millions of years is thought to be the reason landmasses take their current shapes and positions
ROCKS AND VOLCANO
The document provides information about rocks and volcanoes. It begins with defining rocks as natural solid aggregates of minerals that form the earth's crust. Rocks are divided into three main types based on their formation: igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic. Igneous rocks form from cooling magma, sedimentary rocks form through accumulation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form from changes caused by heat and pressure. Volcanoes are described as systems of hot fluid channels that extend from deep underground to the earth's surface. Various types of volcanoes are identified based on their shape and eruption processes. Causes of earthquakes are also summarized, including tectonic plate movement and volcanic activity.
TYPES-OF-VOLCANOES-AND-VOLCANIC-ERUPTIOn
Volcanoes form at locations where magma reaches the Earth's surface. There are three main types of volcanoes classified based on their composition and eruption style. Composite volcanoes like Mayon Volcano are tall and steep due to explosive eruptions of thick, andesitic magma. Shield volcanoes like those in Hawaii erupt basalt quietly as low-viscosity lava flows great distances. Cinder cones are small and formed from accumulated ejecta from Strombolian eruptions. A volcano's anatomy includes features like the vent, lava domes, and pyroclastic flows that can have hazardous impacts.
Earthquake & volcanism.pptx
This document provides information about earthquakes and volcanoes. It defines an earthquake as the shaking and trembling that results from the sudden movement of parts of the earth's crust. Earthquakes are caused by the movement of tectonic plates. When the stress between plates becomes too great, the crust breaks and energy is released in waves. Volcanoes form at places where magma reaches the earth's surface. There are three main types of volcanoes - cinder cones formed from explosive eruptions, shield volcanoes composed of fluid lava flows, and composite volcanoes with layers of ejected material and lava.
Volcanoes 2
Volcanoes form when molten rock erupts from the earth's crust. There are several types of volcanoes including shield volcanoes, cinder cone volcanoes, composite volcanoes, caldera volcanoes, and fissure volcanoes. Volcanoes are most common along tectonic plate boundaries in the Pacific Ring of Fire and where convection currents in the mantle upwell. Eruptions occur via explosions that release underground gases and magma due to a decrease in pressure from earthquakes or other crustal shifts. Major eruptions can cause widespread destruction through lava flows, poisonous gases, ash falls, and landslides.
Volcanoes
A volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock below the surface of the earth. When pressure builds up, eruptions occur. Gases and rock shoot up through the opening and spill over or fill the air with lava fragments. Eruptions can cause lateral blasts, lava flows, hot ash flows, mudslides, avalanches, falling ash and floods. Volcano eruptions have been known to knock down entire forests. An erupting volcano can trigger tsunamis, flash floods, earthquakes, mudflows and rockfalls.
GEOGRAPHY YEAR 10: VOLCANIC ACTIVITY
1) Volcanoes form at boundaries where tectonic plates meet, such as where plates are subducting or spreading apart.
2) There are two main types of volcanoes - cone-shaped volcanoes which form from thick, slow-moving lava and shield volcanoes which have flatter slopes due to more fluid lava.
3) Examples of highly active volcanic regions include the Pacific Ring of Fire and areas around Alaska, Hawaii, and the Cascade Range in the western United States.
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Volcanoes 2
- 1. VOLCANO
- 2. What is it a volcano? A A volcano is like a chimney in the Earth’s crust (surface) where magma flows out
- 3. In 1883, a volcano called Krakatoa erupted at first. Eruption! Volcano Krakatoa
- 4. The inside of the Earth is very hot, and some of the liquid rock called magma . Eventually magma, gases and ash break through a hole in the Earth’s surface. The hole is called vent. When magma lives the vent, it becomes lava. Plate tectonics theory explains how volcanoes form. Some volcanoes form above a hot spot, which is a very hot place in the mantle. The life of a volcano
- 5. A volcanic eruption Contents: gas, water,water vapour, lava, ash. Scientists put volcanoes in to three groups: An active volcano is one that is erupting or will some erupt. A dormant volcano, is one that has not erupted for a long time. An exiting volcano is one that has not erupted for more than 10.000 years.
- 6. Volcanic landforms Are in many places in the world,in many different shapes and sizes. TYPES OF THE VOLCANO FISSURE VOLCANO SHIELD VOLCANO DOME VOLCANO ASH - CINDER VOLCANO COMPOSITE VOLCANO CALDERA VOLCANO
- 7. ROCKS AND LAVA Volcanoes produce lava and rocks find on the Earth’s surface. Magma forms igneous rocks. These fragments are called thepra. TYPES OF THEPRA BOMB LAPILLI ASH DUST Liquid lava flows fast and forms smooth folds that look like rope. It’s called pahoehoe. When slow, stick lava gets hard, it forms rocks whit sharp edges. This is called aa. Sometimes lava forms long, things strings like human hair. It’s called pele’s hair. Lava
- 8. Underwater volcanoes The floor of the ocean is similar to dry land. There are flat plains, mountain, ridges, canyons and trenches in the ocean floor. There are more volcanoes under the ocean than on land.
- 9. Living with volcanoes The minerals and chemicals in the lava and ash make the soil fertile so it’s good for farming. Volcanoes also help to pruduce electricity. They heat rocks that are near the Earth’s crust. When this rocks heat underground water, it turns to steam. People use this steam to make electricity. This is called geothermal energy.
- 10. Volcanologists Special scientists are called volcanolagists. They study volcanoes is different ways. They study rocks and ash from long ago. This helps to know about the volcanos history and to know what it is going to do. Volcanologists wear special suits while they collect lava. Carlos JOVÉ i Daniel GONZÁLEZ