The document provides an overview of volcanoes, including what they are, their internal structure, different types (active, dormant, extinct), and kinds (cinder cone, shield, composite). It also discusses underwater volcanoes, the Ring of Fire, the work of volcanologists, living with volcanoes, volcanoes in Pakistan including mud volcanoes. Images and diagrams are included to illustrate concepts like the inside of a volcano, volcanic eruption contents, and types of tephra.

1. In the name of ALLAH, the most beneficent and the most Merciful…

2. VOLCANOES

8. Inner a volcano Vent Hard lava Magma chamber Magma

10. Kinds of Volcanoes Volcanoes Active Volcanoes Dormant Volcanoes Extinct Volcanoes

18. Bomb Lapilli Types of tephra Ash Dust

20. Ring of Fire

26. ANY QUESTIONS……..!