This document provides an outline and overview of adaptive cruise control (ACC) in vehicles. It discusses the history and development of cruise control and ACC. The key components of ACC are described including sensors, processors and actuators that allow the vehicle to automatically adjust speed to maintain a safe distance from other vehicles. The benefits of ACC include relieving driver fatigue on long trips and potential to reduce accidents rates, while limitations are the higher costs and potential to encourage driver inattention. Future developments may include vehicle-to-vehicle communication to allow for cooperative adaptive cruise control systems.

1. SHIJO.T.DANIEL
S5 MECHANICAL
ROLL NO : 859
REG NO : 11020125

2. OUTLINE
Introduction
History
Cruise control
Adaptive cruise control (ACC)
components of ACC
Working
Acceleration & Deceleration
Controlling ACC
Dealing with switches

3. Features
Advantages
Limitations
Future aspects
ACC used vehicles
Conclusion
References

4. INTRODUCTION
Increased accident rate
Factors
Need o0f intelligent vehicles
Invention of Cruise control

5. HISTORY
1910 speed control with centrifugal governor
Modern cruise control - Ralph Teetor-1945
First car in 1958
Started in cars from 1974

6. CRUISE CONTROL
Cruise control - automatically controls the speed
of a motor vehicle.
 Also known as speed control or auto cruise.
Adjusting the throttle position to maintain a
speed set by the driver

7. ADAPTIVE CRUISE CONTROL
(ACC)
Advanced version
Keeps at steady speed
Using sensors for detection
Keeps safe distance
Intelligent control
Collision avoidance system

8. MAIN COMPONENTS ACC
Switches and pedals
Processor or mini
computer
Sensor
Electronic vacuum
actuator

9. WORKING OF ACC
Switch on ACC.
Set speed.
Sensors detects vehicle ahead.
Decelerate to ahead vehicle speed.
Keeps safe distance
Collision avoidance system

12. When the danger of a collision is
detected, it provides a red warning light
that flashes on the windshield.

The system provides an audible alert
when it senses a reduction in traffic
speed in vehicles ahead.

13. ACCELARATION & DECELARATION
ACC Accelerator
Actuator controls the throttle

14. CONTROL OF ACC
BRAIN: Mini computer.
Senses throttle position.
Senses accelerator position.
Adjust throttle
Senses ahead vehicles

15. LIDAR is Light Detection And Ranging.
 A laser diode was used to generate the light
signal.
RADAR is Radio Detection And Ranging
 It is operated by radiating energy into space and
detecting the echo signal reflected from target

While RADAR target is the car’s rear spoiler the
stereo camera is constantly captures all objects in
its field of view.
It includes millimeter wave radar linked to a
640x480 pixel stereo camera

16. CONTROLLER
Sensing and controlling
process

17. Car with fusion sensor
arrangement
Car with fusion sensor arrangement

18. ACC COMPONANTS IN A CAR

19. DEALING WITH SWITCHES

20. FEATURES
Maintains a safe, comfortable distance between
vehicles without driver interventions
Maintains a consistent performance in poor
visibility conditions.
Maintains a continuous performance during road
turns and elevation changes
Alerts drivers by way of automatic braking.

21. ADVANTAGES
It’s very useful for long driving.
The driver is relieved from the task of careful
acceleration, deceleration and braking in
congested traffics.
Can avoid unconsciously violating speed limits.
Reduction in accident rate.
Reduction in driver fatigue.
Increased fuel efficiency.

22. DISADVANTAGES
Cost
Not for heavy traffic
Dangerous in slippery roads
Encourages the driver to become careless.
The ACC systems not respond directly to the
traffic signals.

23. FUTURE ASPECTS
Co-Cooperative Adaptive cruise control or
CACC is already being tested in California .
ACC respond to the distance and speed of the
car ahead ,CACC communicate with two or
more cars and work together to avoid collision.
 Communication is quicker, reliable and
responsive.

24. ACC EQUIPED VEHICLES
Ford fusion series
Jaguar
Mercedes Benz
Volkswagen
Audi
Chevrolet cruze (India)

25. CONCLUSION
Current system ranges 150 meters can stop and
slows if any obstruction
Fully autonomous car is probably not viable in the
foreseen future.
Near by vehicles would be in constant
communication with each other and act cooperatively.
It will probably take decades, but car accidents
may eventually become almost as rare as plane
crashes are now.

26. REFFERENCE
1.
University of Michigan (July 12, 2004). U-M physicist:
Smart cruise control eliminates traffic jams. Press release.
2.
L. C. Davis (2004). "Effect of adaptive cruise control
systems on traffic flow". Physical Review Letters E 69 (6): 066110
(article ID; no page reference).
3.
CY Liang, H Peng (1999). "Optimal Adaptive Cruise
Control with Guaranteed String Stability". Vehicle System
Dynamics 32 (4-5): 313-330.
4.
P Venhovens, K Naab, B Adiprasito (2000). "Stop and Go
Cruise Control". Proc. FISITA World Automotive Congress, Seoul,
Korea.
5.
L. C. Davis, “Effect of adaptive cruise control systems on
traffic flow” Physics Department, University of Michigan, Ann
Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA The American Physical Society
(Received 27 October 2003; revised 22 January 2004; published 4
June 2004)

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