Ventilation system
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•150 views
The document describes the components and functioning of a mine ventilation system. A mine ventilation system consists of intake airways that deliver fresh air to work areas, return airways that return contaminated air back through the system, and shafts or surface connections that allow air to enter and exit. Active devices like main fans and booster fans are used to power and direct airflow, while passive devices like air doors, regulators, and stoppings are used to control airflow routes and resistance. Proper ventilation is necessary to remove pollutants from mine workings and support respiration.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Mine illumination
This document discusses lighting in mines and light physics concepts. It provides details on various types of lamps used in mines including acetylene lamps, flameproof safety torches, and electric cap lamps. It describes the layout of a lamp room and issues that may occur with cap lamps. Lighting arrangements and illumination levels for mines are also covered. Discharge lamps and fluorescent tubes for mine lighting are discussed. Testing for gas accumulation and percentage in mines using safety lamps is summarized.
TYPES OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS IN MINES - CENTRAL BOUNDARY U W Z
The document discusses five main types of mine ventilation systems: boundary, central, U, W, and Z. The boundary system has intake and return shafts located at the mine boundaries and allows unidirectional air flow. It requires minimal ventilation controls and has high efficiency. The central system has intake and return shafts located centrally and uses parallel airways separated by stoppings, allowing opposite air flows. It allows quicker development but has lower efficiency due to leakage. The U, W, and Z systems refer to specific configurations used for longwall mining where intake and return airways are arranged around the advancing longwall face.
Types of ventilation system
The document discusses different types of ventilation systems used in mines: boundary, central, and combined. The boundary system uses unidirectional airflow from intake to return shafts located at the mine boundaries, requiring minimal ventilation control. It is most efficient but limited by mine size. The central system uses bidirectional airflow in parallel roadways separated by stoppings, allowing ventilation of larger areas but with greater airflow leakage.
Ventilationcontrol
This document summarizes various control devices used in mine ventilation systems, including stoppings, doors, airlocks, regulators, air crossings, and line brattice. It describes the purpose and construction of each device. Stoppings are used to block airflow and prevent short-circuiting. Doors are employed where haulage is needed but airflow must be controlled. Airlocks use multiple doors to prevent pressure changes when one door opens. Regulators are fitted on doors to control airflow. Air crossings allow intake and return air to cross paths. Line brattice uses cloth to direct airflow to working faces.
Mine cars
There are several types of mine cars that can be chosen for underground mining operations based on various factors. Granby cars are robust and suitable for high volume extraction of non-sticky ores. They dump to the side with a dolly wheel on a ramp. Rocker dump cars have a smaller 1-10 cubic yard capacity and can dump on either side, making them suitable for low capacity needs and sticky ores. End dump cars unload from the back and are used for hand tramming in small mines. Gable-bottom cars can be built for large capacities and variable gauges, allowing two-way dumping. Solid or box cars have high capacity but are less maneuverable and require rotary dumping. Choice factors include capacity, cost
111641373 centrifugal-fan
This document provides an overview of fan theory and characteristics. It discusses the basic principles of centrifugal and axial impellers, including how they impart velocity and pressure changes to airflow. The key types of fan pressures - total, static, and velocity - are defined. Fan characteristic curves are introduced, which relate pressure to airflow. The document also covers fan laws describing how fan performance scales with speed, as well as factors involved in combining multiple fans.
Distribution and control of mine air standards of ventilation
The document discusses methods for controlling and distributing air currents in mines. It describes how controlling air quantity and direction is necessary for safety and supplying required air to mine areas. Methods to reduce, increase, or stop airflows include increasing airway resistance using regulators, adjusting fan pressure, erecting stoppings or installing doors. Parallel airways are most effective for increasing airflow quantity and reducing power consumption. Other topics covered include splitting air currents, ventilation control devices like stoppings, doors, and regulators, as well as quantity and pressure requirements to dilute gases and supply sufficient oxygen.
Pressure & quantity measurement
This document discusses the calculation of pressure and quantity measurement for ventilation surveys in mines. It covers determining air requirements for mine workings based on factors like diluting gases, heat, and providing breathable air for workers. Methods for calculating flow rates, pressure losses, and leakage are presented for proper ventilation system design. Key aspects addressed include determining pressure gradients, friction losses, emissions from coal faces and blasting, and total air quantity needs for the entire mine network.
Recommended
Mine illumination
This document discusses lighting in mines and light physics concepts. It provides details on various types of lamps used in mines including acetylene lamps, flameproof safety torches, and electric cap lamps. It describes the layout of a lamp room and issues that may occur with cap lamps. Lighting arrangements and illumination levels for mines are also covered. Discharge lamps and fluorescent tubes for mine lighting are discussed. Testing for gas accumulation and percentage in mines using safety lamps is summarized.
TYPES OF VENTILATION SYSTEMS IN MINES - CENTRAL BOUNDARY U W Z
The document discusses five main types of mine ventilation systems: boundary, central, U, W, and Z. The boundary system has intake and return shafts located at the mine boundaries and allows unidirectional air flow. It requires minimal ventilation controls and has high efficiency. The central system has intake and return shafts located centrally and uses parallel airways separated by stoppings, allowing opposite air flows. It allows quicker development but has lower efficiency due to leakage. The U, W, and Z systems refer to specific configurations used for longwall mining where intake and return airways are arranged around the advancing longwall face.
Types of ventilation system
The document discusses different types of ventilation systems used in mines: boundary, central, and combined. The boundary system uses unidirectional airflow from intake to return shafts located at the mine boundaries, requiring minimal ventilation control. It is most efficient but limited by mine size. The central system uses bidirectional airflow in parallel roadways separated by stoppings, allowing ventilation of larger areas but with greater airflow leakage.
Ventilationcontrol
This document summarizes various control devices used in mine ventilation systems, including stoppings, doors, airlocks, regulators, air crossings, and line brattice. It describes the purpose and construction of each device. Stoppings are used to block airflow and prevent short-circuiting. Doors are employed where haulage is needed but airflow must be controlled. Airlocks use multiple doors to prevent pressure changes when one door opens. Regulators are fitted on doors to control airflow. Air crossings allow intake and return air to cross paths. Line brattice uses cloth to direct airflow to working faces.
Mine cars
There are several types of mine cars that can be chosen for underground mining operations based on various factors. Granby cars are robust and suitable for high volume extraction of non-sticky ores. They dump to the side with a dolly wheel on a ramp. Rocker dump cars have a smaller 1-10 cubic yard capacity and can dump on either side, making them suitable for low capacity needs and sticky ores. End dump cars unload from the back and are used for hand tramming in small mines. Gable-bottom cars can be built for large capacities and variable gauges, allowing two-way dumping. Solid or box cars have high capacity but are less maneuverable and require rotary dumping. Choice factors include capacity, cost
111641373 centrifugal-fan
This document provides an overview of fan theory and characteristics. It discusses the basic principles of centrifugal and axial impellers, including how they impart velocity and pressure changes to airflow. The key types of fan pressures - total, static, and velocity - are defined. Fan characteristic curves are introduced, which relate pressure to airflow. The document also covers fan laws describing how fan performance scales with speed, as well as factors involved in combining multiple fans.
Distribution and control of mine air standards of ventilation
The document discusses methods for controlling and distributing air currents in mines. It describes how controlling air quantity and direction is necessary for safety and supplying required air to mine areas. Methods to reduce, increase, or stop airflows include increasing airway resistance using regulators, adjusting fan pressure, erecting stoppings or installing doors. Parallel airways are most effective for increasing airflow quantity and reducing power consumption. Other topics covered include splitting air currents, ventilation control devices like stoppings, doors, and regulators, as well as quantity and pressure requirements to dilute gases and supply sufficient oxygen.
Pressure & quantity measurement
This document discusses the calculation of pressure and quantity measurement for ventilation surveys in mines. It covers determining air requirements for mine workings based on factors like diluting gases, heat, and providing breathable air for workers. Methods for calculating flow rates, pressure losses, and leakage are presented for proper ventilation system design. Key aspects addressed include determining pressure gradients, friction losses, emissions from coal faces and blasting, and total air quantity needs for the entire mine network.
Ventilation of underground mine
Lecture 1 : POLLUTANT UNDERGROUND MINES
Lecture 2: RULES FOR CALCULATION OF AIR REQUIREMENTS
Lecture 3: DIVIDERS AIR FLOW
Lecture 4: SETTINGS VENTILATION
Lecture 5: LAWS OF VENTILATION
Lecture 6: FANS
Lecture 7: VENTILATION CONTROL
Shaft sinking 2
This document provides an overview of shaft sinking methods for underground mining. It discusses traditional methods like wood/steel piling and open caisson as well as more advanced techniques like vertical shaft sinking machines (VSM) and shaft boring systems. The document highlights the advantages of mechanical excavation methods like VSMs in providing higher production rates and safety compared to traditional drill and blast operations. It analyzes case studies of shafts sunk in India and concludes that using advanced technologies could have increased production rates by 30% while improving safety and reducing costs compared to conventional shaft sinking methods.
Damps & Mine Dust
This document discusses various types of gases and dusts found in mines. It describes five common gas mixtures called damps: white damp (CO and air), black damp (CO2, N2 and air), stink damp (H2S and air), after damp (CO, CO2, CH4, O2, N2 and H2), and fire damp (methane and air). It also discusses mine dusts and provides a classification system for dusts based on their health hazards and explosion properties, including fiberogenic, carcinogenic, toxic, radioactive, and explosive dusts.
Mine fan
This document discusses different types of fans used in mine ventilation. It describes centrifugal fans and axial flow fans, which are classified based on their location as main fans, auxiliary fans, or booster fans. Booster fans are large underground fans installed in series with main fans to boost air pressure. The document also discusses the components, operation, and blade types of centrifugal and axial fans. Maintaining reliable and energy efficient ventilation fans is important due to the high operating costs of powering them.
mechanically ventilation
Mechanical ventilation equipment includes fans, compressors, and injectors. Fans are the most common and important type and can be centrifugal, axial flow, or mixed flow. Centrifugal fans draw air into a rotating impeller and discharge it radially. Axial fans consist of an impeller with disc or airfoil shaped blades that move air axially. Compressors are similar to high pressure fans and can be centrifugal, axial flow, or positive displacement blowers. Injectors use compressed air to entrain ambient air through kinetic energy transfer.
Sampling of dust
This document discusses various methods for sampling airborne dust in mines. It describes the factors to consider in choosing a sampling instrument, such as the necessary dust concentration, mass concentration of the respirable fraction, and ability to analyze dust composition. Various sampling instruments are outlined that use principles like filtration, sedimentation, inertial precipitation, thermal precipitation, electrical precipitation, and optical methods. Details are provided on the location, duration and interval of sampling to obtain representative samples.
Axial flow fans
The document discusses criteria for selecting the proper axial flow fan. It explains that axial flow fans work by applying pressure to air to move it parallel to the fan shaft. Several parameters must be considered when choosing a fan, including the fan's horsepower, operating temperature, blade frequency, beam passing frequency, and noise level. Axial flow fans have many industrial uses depending on their specifications, such as in engines, generators, construction equipment, cooling towers, and more.
Shaft sinking
In this ppt you will get all information regarding shaft sinking. Like what is permanent lining and temporary lining. How to decide shape of shaft, drilling blasting, support, lighting in shaft. Use of shaft and skips.
Methane
Methane (CH4) is commonly known as firedamp in coal mines. There are three primary reasons for giving special attention to methane: 1) it is the gas most commonly found in underground coal mines, 2) it has caused more explosions and loss of life than any other cause in mining history, and 3) continued development of methane drainage technology. Methane is formed during the coalification process from decaying organic material and becomes trapped within coal seams. When coal is mined, methane can be released through gradual exudation, gas blowers, or violent outbursts. Due to its light weight, methane also has a tendency to form layers near mine ceilings, which can become explosive if ignition occurs.
Designing a shaft system
The document discusses key considerations for designing a shaft system for an underground mine. It addresses the interrelation of the shaft subsystem with other mine systems like ventilation, dewatering, and transport. The main elements of a shaft system include the headframe, winder house, shaft collar, fan drift, fittings and conveyances. Designing the shaft requires a multidisciplinary approach and consideration of functional requirements, geological conditions, operational parameters, and statutory regulations. Choice of the winding system, conveyance type, and winder location are important design decisions.
Natural ventilation
Natural ventilation in mines occurs due to temperature differences between the downcast and upcast shafts. It is a less effective method of ventilation than mechanical ventilation using fans. The natural ventilating pressure (NVP) can be determined through thermodynamic analysis of the pressure-volume indicator diagram of the mine ventilation system, which models it as a heat engine. Other practical methods also exist for estimating the NVP based on pressure and airflow measurements with the fan running and stopped.
Shaft
This document discusses shaft design and sinking methods. It defines different types of shafts and their purposes. Shaft design involves selecting materials and considering stresses, strength, deflection and vibration. Common materials are steel alloys. Shafts are sunk using various methods like drilling and blasting, wood/steel piling, open caisson, cementing or freezing processes. Factors in choosing a vertical or inclined shaft include the ore body geometry and depth. The document provides details on shaft sinking and construction.
Surface mining entry system
This document discusses different types of entry systems used in opencast mines. It describes single, double, triple, and spiral entry systems. Single entry systems are suitable for short pits up to 1000m with low production. Double entry systems are used for pits up to 1500-2000m with medium production. Triple entry systems have entries on both sides and in the center for large, high production pits over 2000m. Spiral entry systems are used for pits on hilltops or deep pits. The appropriate type of entry system depends on factors like pit length, production levels, transportation needs, and overall economics.
Mining Machinery Learning Material
The document provides information on various underground transport methods used in mines, including:
1) Rope haulage systems like direct rope haulage, main and tail rope haulage, and endless rope haulage.
2) Locomotive haulage using diesel, electric, or compressed air locomotives.
3) Conveyor systems like belt and chain conveyors.
4) Gravity or self-acting haulage which uses the weight of loaded carts to pull empty carts uphill.
Techniques of Controlled Blasting
This document discusses techniques for controlled blasting to improve environmental and safety standards. It describes methods like line drilling, trim blasting, pre-splitting, and muffle blasting that are used to control adverse impacts from blasting such as overbreak, ground vibrations, noise, and rock fractures. These techniques involve parameters like drill hole spacing, charge weight, and accurate delay timing to help fragment rock while minimizing damage to surrounding areas.
Mine Explosions
Methane gas is released from coal seams during mining, posing an explosion hazard if allowed to accumulate between its lower (5%) and upper (15%) explosive limits in air. Proper mine ventilation is needed to dilute methane concentrations and prevent explosions from sparks or flames. When methane burns or explodes, it produces carbon dioxide, water vapor and heat. Preventive measures include adequate ventilation, prohibiting smoking and open flames, monitoring methane levels, maintaining electrical equipment, and controlling methane emissions from abandoned areas and coal faces.
Heat and humidity
The document discusses heat and humidity in mines and their effects on miners. It outlines various sources of heat in mines including surface air, rock walls, groundwater, machinery, lighting, oxidation, blasting, and rock movement. High heat and humidity can cause physiological effects on miners such as heat stroke, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and mental fatigue. Mine ventilation systems aim to cool and dehumidify air to improve miner health, safety, and work efficiency.
Wire ropes
Notes on Wire rope, Construction/type of wire rope, Testing of wire rope, Application of wire rope, Safety factor, Examination of wire rope, Care & Maintenance, Rope splicing, Tucking, Rope Capel, Reliance Capel, Deterioration of rope, Maximising the life of rope behalf of mining
Illumination In opencast mining the needs
Visibility, not illumination, reduces mishaps. Proper visibility is necessary to fully identify hazards and judge size, shape, distance, and motion of objects. Excess or insufficient illumination can both result in glare or erroneous judgement. Judicious use of lighting resources is needed, with fixtures properly positioned to avoid shadow or glare zones and ensure safety during mining activities at night.
Haulage system in Mines
This document discusses various underground mine transportation systems, including:
1. Rope haulage systems like direct rope haulage, endless rope haulage, and main and tail rope haulage.
2. Conveyor systems for haulage including belt conveyors and chain conveyors.
3. Locomotive haulage using diesel, electric, or compressed air locomotives.
4. Gravity or self-acting haulage which uses the force of gravity down an inclined plane without an external power source.
Safety devices for haulage systems are also covered, such as stop-blocks and buffers to prevent runaway tubs.
U, w and z ventilation system
Types of ventilation systems with special reference to U, W and Z air routes and bleeder ventilation.
key Components of Air Distribution Systems.pptx
The document discusses air distribution systems, which include components like air handlers, ductwork, and fans that distribute heated, cooled, and ventilated air throughout buildings. It describes different types of air distribution systems like constant-volume and variable air volume. It also explains key components of these systems such as fans, coils, filters, dampers, and ducts. Finally, it discusses some safety issues to consider when working on air distribution system equipment.
More Related Content
What's hot
Ventilation of underground mine
Lecture 1 : POLLUTANT UNDERGROUND MINES
Lecture 2: RULES FOR CALCULATION OF AIR REQUIREMENTS
Lecture 3: DIVIDERS AIR FLOW
Lecture 4: SETTINGS VENTILATION
Lecture 5: LAWS OF VENTILATION
Lecture 6: FANS
Lecture 7: VENTILATION CONTROL
Shaft sinking 2
This document provides an overview of shaft sinking methods for underground mining. It discusses traditional methods like wood/steel piling and open caisson as well as more advanced techniques like vertical shaft sinking machines (VSM) and shaft boring systems. The document highlights the advantages of mechanical excavation methods like VSMs in providing higher production rates and safety compared to traditional drill and blast operations. It analyzes case studies of shafts sunk in India and concludes that using advanced technologies could have increased production rates by 30% while improving safety and reducing costs compared to conventional shaft sinking methods.
Damps & Mine Dust
This document discusses various types of gases and dusts found in mines. It describes five common gas mixtures called damps: white damp (CO and air), black damp (CO2, N2 and air), stink damp (H2S and air), after damp (CO, CO2, CH4, O2, N2 and H2), and fire damp (methane and air). It also discusses mine dusts and provides a classification system for dusts based on their health hazards and explosion properties, including fiberogenic, carcinogenic, toxic, radioactive, and explosive dusts.
Mine fan
This document discusses different types of fans used in mine ventilation. It describes centrifugal fans and axial flow fans, which are classified based on their location as main fans, auxiliary fans, or booster fans. Booster fans are large underground fans installed in series with main fans to boost air pressure. The document also discusses the components, operation, and blade types of centrifugal and axial fans. Maintaining reliable and energy efficient ventilation fans is important due to the high operating costs of powering them.
mechanically ventilation
Mechanical ventilation equipment includes fans, compressors, and injectors. Fans are the most common and important type and can be centrifugal, axial flow, or mixed flow. Centrifugal fans draw air into a rotating impeller and discharge it radially. Axial fans consist of an impeller with disc or airfoil shaped blades that move air axially. Compressors are similar to high pressure fans and can be centrifugal, axial flow, or positive displacement blowers. Injectors use compressed air to entrain ambient air through kinetic energy transfer.
Sampling of dust
This document discusses various methods for sampling airborne dust in mines. It describes the factors to consider in choosing a sampling instrument, such as the necessary dust concentration, mass concentration of the respirable fraction, and ability to analyze dust composition. Various sampling instruments are outlined that use principles like filtration, sedimentation, inertial precipitation, thermal precipitation, electrical precipitation, and optical methods. Details are provided on the location, duration and interval of sampling to obtain representative samples.
Axial flow fans
The document discusses criteria for selecting the proper axial flow fan. It explains that axial flow fans work by applying pressure to air to move it parallel to the fan shaft. Several parameters must be considered when choosing a fan, including the fan's horsepower, operating temperature, blade frequency, beam passing frequency, and noise level. Axial flow fans have many industrial uses depending on their specifications, such as in engines, generators, construction equipment, cooling towers, and more.
Shaft sinking
In this ppt you will get all information regarding shaft sinking. Like what is permanent lining and temporary lining. How to decide shape of shaft, drilling blasting, support, lighting in shaft. Use of shaft and skips.
Methane
Methane (CH4) is commonly known as firedamp in coal mines. There are three primary reasons for giving special attention to methane: 1) it is the gas most commonly found in underground coal mines, 2) it has caused more explosions and loss of life than any other cause in mining history, and 3) continued development of methane drainage technology. Methane is formed during the coalification process from decaying organic material and becomes trapped within coal seams. When coal is mined, methane can be released through gradual exudation, gas blowers, or violent outbursts. Due to its light weight, methane also has a tendency to form layers near mine ceilings, which can become explosive if ignition occurs.
Designing a shaft system
The document discusses key considerations for designing a shaft system for an underground mine. It addresses the interrelation of the shaft subsystem with other mine systems like ventilation, dewatering, and transport. The main elements of a shaft system include the headframe, winder house, shaft collar, fan drift, fittings and conveyances. Designing the shaft requires a multidisciplinary approach and consideration of functional requirements, geological conditions, operational parameters, and statutory regulations. Choice of the winding system, conveyance type, and winder location are important design decisions.
Natural ventilation
Natural ventilation in mines occurs due to temperature differences between the downcast and upcast shafts. It is a less effective method of ventilation than mechanical ventilation using fans. The natural ventilating pressure (NVP) can be determined through thermodynamic analysis of the pressure-volume indicator diagram of the mine ventilation system, which models it as a heat engine. Other practical methods also exist for estimating the NVP based on pressure and airflow measurements with the fan running and stopped.
Shaft
This document discusses shaft design and sinking methods. It defines different types of shafts and their purposes. Shaft design involves selecting materials and considering stresses, strength, deflection and vibration. Common materials are steel alloys. Shafts are sunk using various methods like drilling and blasting, wood/steel piling, open caisson, cementing or freezing processes. Factors in choosing a vertical or inclined shaft include the ore body geometry and depth. The document provides details on shaft sinking and construction.
Surface mining entry system
This document discusses different types of entry systems used in opencast mines. It describes single, double, triple, and spiral entry systems. Single entry systems are suitable for short pits up to 1000m with low production. Double entry systems are used for pits up to 1500-2000m with medium production. Triple entry systems have entries on both sides and in the center for large, high production pits over 2000m. Spiral entry systems are used for pits on hilltops or deep pits. The appropriate type of entry system depends on factors like pit length, production levels, transportation needs, and overall economics.
Mining Machinery Learning Material
The document provides information on various underground transport methods used in mines, including:
1) Rope haulage systems like direct rope haulage, main and tail rope haulage, and endless rope haulage.
2) Locomotive haulage using diesel, electric, or compressed air locomotives.
3) Conveyor systems like belt and chain conveyors.
4) Gravity or self-acting haulage which uses the weight of loaded carts to pull empty carts uphill.
Techniques of Controlled Blasting
This document discusses techniques for controlled blasting to improve environmental and safety standards. It describes methods like line drilling, trim blasting, pre-splitting, and muffle blasting that are used to control adverse impacts from blasting such as overbreak, ground vibrations, noise, and rock fractures. These techniques involve parameters like drill hole spacing, charge weight, and accurate delay timing to help fragment rock while minimizing damage to surrounding areas.
Mine Explosions
Methane gas is released from coal seams during mining, posing an explosion hazard if allowed to accumulate between its lower (5%) and upper (15%) explosive limits in air. Proper mine ventilation is needed to dilute methane concentrations and prevent explosions from sparks or flames. When methane burns or explodes, it produces carbon dioxide, water vapor and heat. Preventive measures include adequate ventilation, prohibiting smoking and open flames, monitoring methane levels, maintaining electrical equipment, and controlling methane emissions from abandoned areas and coal faces.
Heat and humidity
The document discusses heat and humidity in mines and their effects on miners. It outlines various sources of heat in mines including surface air, rock walls, groundwater, machinery, lighting, oxidation, blasting, and rock movement. High heat and humidity can cause physiological effects on miners such as heat stroke, heat cramps, heat exhaustion, and mental fatigue. Mine ventilation systems aim to cool and dehumidify air to improve miner health, safety, and work efficiency.
Wire ropes
Notes on Wire rope, Construction/type of wire rope, Testing of wire rope, Application of wire rope, Safety factor, Examination of wire rope, Care & Maintenance, Rope splicing, Tucking, Rope Capel, Reliance Capel, Deterioration of rope, Maximising the life of rope behalf of mining
Illumination In opencast mining the needs
Visibility, not illumination, reduces mishaps. Proper visibility is necessary to fully identify hazards and judge size, shape, distance, and motion of objects. Excess or insufficient illumination can both result in glare or erroneous judgement. Judicious use of lighting resources is needed, with fixtures properly positioned to avoid shadow or glare zones and ensure safety during mining activities at night.
Haulage system in Mines
This document discusses various underground mine transportation systems, including:
1. Rope haulage systems like direct rope haulage, endless rope haulage, and main and tail rope haulage.
2. Conveyor systems for haulage including belt conveyors and chain conveyors.
3. Locomotive haulage using diesel, electric, or compressed air locomotives.
4. Gravity or self-acting haulage which uses the force of gravity down an inclined plane without an external power source.
Safety devices for haulage systems are also covered, such as stop-blocks and buffers to prevent runaway tubs.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Ventilation system
U, w and z ventilation system
Types of ventilation systems with special reference to U, W and Z air routes and bleeder ventilation.
key Components of Air Distribution Systems.pptx
The document discusses air distribution systems, which include components like air handlers, ductwork, and fans that distribute heated, cooled, and ventilated air throughout buildings. It describes different types of air distribution systems like constant-volume and variable air volume. It also explains key components of these systems such as fans, coils, filters, dampers, and ducts. Finally, it discusses some safety issues to consider when working on air distribution system equipment.
Pneumatic1day
Pneumatics uses compressed air to transmit power in industrial applications. Some key points:
- Compressed air is clean, safe, and can be transported easily through piping systems. However, it requires good preparation to remove moisture and particles.
- A typical pneumatic system includes an air compressor, dryer, receiver tank, filters, regulators, and lubricators to prepare and distribute the compressed air.
- Pipelines are installed with downward slopes and outlets pointing up to prevent condensation buildup. Ring circuits allow bidirectional air flow for uniform supply.
- Common components are cylinders, motors, and valves to convert compressed air into motion, controlled by pneumatic circuits and processing elements like directional valves
Ventilation system
This document discusses ventilation requirements and systems. It defines ventilation as changing the air in an enclosed space to provide fresh air for respiration and control factors like carbon dioxide, moisture, heat, and odors. Ventilation requirements vary by building usage but are often measured in air changes per hour. Systems can be natural (using airflow without fans) or mechanical (using ducts and fans). Natural ventilation provides benefits like improved indoor air quality but requires proper building design. Mechanical systems provide more air flow control and constant fresh air intake. Common mechanical systems include natural inlet/mechanical exhaust, mechanical inlet/natural exhaust, and fully mechanical. The document also discusses fan types, air filters, and design considerations to minimize mechanical ventilation needs.
Basics of fans
A fan uses a rotating shaft to transmit energy from a motor to air in order to create airflow. It works by generating a pressure differential that results in air movement. Key components of fans include blades, housing, inlet and outlet cones, shaft, and motor. Different types of fans like centrifugal, axial, and vaneaxial fans are suited to various applications depending on their airflow capabilities and pressure generation. Proper selection and operation of fans near their best efficiency point can improve performance and reduce energy costs.
Screwcompressors 100208111533-phpapp02
The document summarizes the components and operation of a compressed air system and adsorption air dryer.
The compressed air system supplies instrument and plant air using four screw compressors, separate piping headers, pre-filters, instrument air dryers, after-filters, instrument air receivers, and controls including an emergency stop button and electronic regulator.
The adsorption air dryer removes moisture from compressed air using desiccant towers, heating one tower to regenerate the desiccant while the other tower dries the air in cycles. It has a long desiccant life through indirect heat contact and prevents drops in dew point through heated regeneration compared to heatless dryers.
Screw Air Compressors
The document summarizes the key components of a compressed air system and adsorption air dryer. The compressed air system supplies instrument and plant air using four screw compressors, separate piping headers, air filters, receivers, and dryers. It regulates air pressure and has safety features. The adsorption air dryer uses a desiccant to remove moisture from compressed air in cycles of drying, regeneration using heated air, and purging. It has components like towers, valves, heaters and instruments to control the process and ensure dry air output.
Fan and Blowers
This document discusses fans, blowers, and their operation. It describes the key differences between fans, blowers, and compressors. It then outlines the major types of centrifugal and axial fans, their characteristics, and typical applications. Finally, it covers fan and system performance evaluation, describing system resistance curves, fan characteristic curves, and how the intersection of these curves determines the operating point and power required.
Air conditioning equipment and applications of air conditioning
Students for mechanical engineering, automobile engineering and RAC engineering useful for both polytechnic and engineering students
Topics covered
EQUIPMENTS
1. Types of air filters
2. Types of fans
3. Types of ducts and duct system
4. Air distribution system and types
APPLICATIONS OF AIR CONDITIONING
1. Window AC
2. Winter AC
3. summer AC
4. year round AC
5. Central AC
Air conditioning for large multistory buildings
Most large multistory buildings use centralized air conditioning equipment located on the roof or in the basement. The roof allows for fresh air intake and heat rejection while the basement provides easy utility connections and noise isolation. Common central air conditioning systems include central plants, variable air volume, terminal reheat, multizone, double duct, induction, and fan coil systems. Fan coil systems circulate air over hot or cold water coils in fan coil units located in individual zones to control temperature.
Airframe 1 (done)
The document discusses pneumatic supply systems for piston engines and gas turbine engines. For piston engines, low-pressure air is compressed by a vane-type pump and stored in an accumulator to provide a continuous supply for pneumatic systems like wing deicing boots. For gas turbine engines, bleed air is extracted from one or more compressor stages to supply pneumatic systems, commonly from a low pressure port at an intermediate stage and a high pressure port at a later stage.
MEP services in High rise buildings.pptx
What is MEP In the construction world, MEP stands for “mechanical, electrical and plumbing.” MEP engineering is the science and art of planning, designing and managing the MEP systems of a building. MEP systems: MEP (Mechanical, Electrical & Plumbing) covers the whole range of building services. Building services are the systems, installed in buildings that make them comfortable, functional, efficient, and safe. MEP systems are generally not part of the constructional elements of a building, but do interfere with the building envelope. Also, MEP components like piping and ducts can be integrated in (prefab) building elements
Forced Air Zone Control Presentation
This is a presentation about forced air zone control we presented at the 2008 RSES National Convention in Indianapolis.
Air conditining system
This document provides an overview of air conditioning systems, including:
1. It classifies air conditioning systems as either unitary systems (window units, split units, package units) or central systems, and also classifies them based on the season (winter, summer, year-round).
2. Unitary systems are factory assembled while central systems are assembled on-site, and it describes the equipment that makes up each type of system.
3. When selecting a system, factors like customer objectives, economics, occupancy, and thermal load must be considered.
4. Air conditioning systems are also grouped into direct expansion, all-water, all-air, and air-water systems, and it provides
fan componentd mtech detailed view .ppt
Fans and blowers move air or gases by imparting pressure and flow. Fans generate lower pressure rises than blowers or compressors. Common fan types include centrifugal (forward curved, backward curved, radial) and axial flow (propeller, tubeaxial, vaneaxial). Selection depends on required flow rate, pressure, efficiency and application. Proper specification of design operating points and system characteristics is needed to select the appropriate fan.
S3 Supply Devices and Room Air Distribution
- Forced-air systems use fans to move air over conditioning equipment through ductwork and outlets into rooms. Common fans include propeller, axial-flow, and centrifugal fans.
- Supply duct systems distribute air from the fan to rooms using various configurations like plenum, extended plenum, reducing plenum, or perimeter loop systems.
- Return ducts return air from rooms back to the conditioning equipment through individual room returns or central returns. Filters remove contaminants from the air stream using dry, viscous, or electrostatic methods.
Compressed air system
This document discusses compressed air systems and improving their efficiency. It describes the types of air compressors, including positive displacement and dynamic compressors. It outlines the key components of compressed air systems like filters, coolers, dryers and traps. It discusses improving efficiency through proper sizing, pressure settings, intake conditions and preventing leaks. The goal is to optimize compressor performance and minimize energy consumption.
425 7-fans 2006
This document discusses different types of fans and their characteristics. It describes axial fans like propeller, tube-axial, and vane-axial fans which move air perpendicular to blade rotation. It also describes centrifugal fans which move air in the direction of impeller rotation and come in airfoil, backward inclined, radial, and forward curved types. The document discusses fan laws for predicting performance at different speeds and includes an example problem. It also covers system curves, catalog fan curves, variable flow control devices, and their performance characteristics.
Basics of ventilation by jj
The document discusses different types of ventilation systems. Natural ventilation uses natural forces like wind and stack effect to circulate air without mechanical systems. Forced ventilation uses fans and blowers to provide ventilation when natural forces are insufficient. Hybrid ventilation relies primarily on natural ventilation but uses mechanical systems to supplement airflow when needed. Evaporative cooling is also discussed, which uses the evaporation of water to lower air temperature in a cost-effective way. Different fans and their applications are outlined. Two-stage evaporative cooling units that provide initial indirect evaporative cooling before direct cooling are described.
LECTURE 6 ZONING IN HVAC.ppt
A zoning system for HVAC allows different areas of a home to be heated or cooled to different temperatures. It uses dampers and thermostats to control airflow into each zone. As zone thermostats call for heating or cooling, the zoning control panel opens the corresponding damper and activates the HVAC unit to supply conditioned air only to that zone. Zoning systems save energy by not conditioning rooms that don't need it.
Similar to Ventilation system (20)
Air conditioning equipment and applications of air conditioning
Air conditioning equipment and applications of air conditioning
Recently uploaded
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
学校原版美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书原版一模一样
原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国波士顿大学毕业证学历学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting.pdf
Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting. Casting-Defect-inSlab continuous casting
The Python for beginners. This is an advance computer language.
Python language is very important language at this time. we can easily understand this language by these notes.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
This paper describes a speed control device for generating electrical energy on an electricity network based on the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) used for wind power conversion systems. At first, a double-fed induction generator model was constructed. A control law is formulated to govern the flow of energy between the stator of a DFIG and the energy network using three types of controllers: proportional integral (PI), sliding mode controller (SMC) and second order sliding mode controller (SOSMC). Their different results in terms of power reference tracking, reaction to unexpected speed fluctuations, sensitivity to perturbations, and resilience against machine parameter alterations are compared. MATLAB/Simulink was used to conduct the simulations for the preceding study. Multiple simulations have shown very satisfying results, and the investigations demonstrate the efficacy and power-enhancing capabilities of the suggested control system.
Eric Nizeyimana's document 2006 from gicumbi to ttc nyamata handball play
this notes have been created
by Eric36 at nyamata ttc
after readings
pe book for y2sme .
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
The rivalry between prominent international actors for dominance over Central Asia's hydrocarbon
reserves and the ancient silk trade route, along with China's diplomatic endeavours in the area, has been
referred to as the "New Great Game." This research centres on the power struggle, considering
geopolitical, geostrategic, and geoeconomic variables. Topics including trade, political hegemony, oil
politics, and conventional and nontraditional security are all explored and explained by the researcher.
Using Mackinder's Heartland, Spykman Rimland, and Hegemonic Stability theories, examines China's role
in Central Asia. This study adheres to the empirical epistemological method and has taken care of
objectivity. This study analyze primary and secondary research documents critically to elaborate role of
china’s geo economic outreach in central Asian countries and its future prospect. China is thriving in trade,
pipeline politics, and winning states, according to this study, thanks to important instruments like the
Shanghai Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative. According to this study,
China is seeing significant success in commerce, pipeline politics, and gaining influence on other
governments. This success may be attributed to the effective utilisation of key tools such as the Shanghai
Cooperation Organisation and the Belt and Road Economic Initiative.
22CYT12-Unit-V-E Waste and its Management.ppt
Introduction- e - waste – definition - sources of e-waste– hazardous substances in e-waste - effects of e-waste on environment and human health- need for e-waste management– e-waste handling rules - waste minimization techniques for managing e-waste – recycling of e-waste - disposal treatment methods of e- waste – mechanism of extraction of precious metal from leaching solution-global Scenario of E-waste – E-waste in India- case studies.
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) is a method of transmitting multiple signals over a single communication channel by dividing the signal into many segments, each having a very short duration of time. These time slots are then allocated to different data streams, allowing multiple signals to share the same transmission medium efficiently. TDM is widely used in telecommunications and data communication systems.
### How TDM Works
1. **Time Slots Allocation**: The core principle of TDM is to assign distinct time slots to each signal. During each time slot, the respective signal is transmitted, and then the process repeats cyclically. For example, if there are four signals to be transmitted, the TDM cycle will divide time into four slots, each assigned to one signal.
2. **Synchronization**: Synchronization is crucial in TDM systems to ensure that the signals are correctly aligned with their respective time slots. Both the transmitter and receiver must be synchronized to avoid any overlap or loss of data. This synchronization is typically maintained by a clock signal that ensures time slots are accurately aligned.
3. **Frame Structure**: TDM data is organized into frames, where each frame consists of a set of time slots. Each frame is repeated at regular intervals, ensuring continuous transmission of data streams. The frame structure helps in managing the data streams and maintaining the synchronization between the transmitter and receiver.
4. **Multiplexer and Demultiplexer**: At the transmitting end, a multiplexer combines multiple input signals into a single composite signal by assigning each signal to a specific time slot. At the receiving end, a demultiplexer separates the composite signal back into individual signals based on their respective time slots.
### Types of TDM
1. **Synchronous TDM**: In synchronous TDM, time slots are pre-assigned to each signal, regardless of whether the signal has data to transmit or not. This can lead to inefficiencies if some time slots remain empty due to the absence of data.
2. **Asynchronous TDM (or Statistical TDM)**: Asynchronous TDM addresses the inefficiencies of synchronous TDM by allocating time slots dynamically based on the presence of data. Time slots are assigned only when there is data to transmit, which optimizes the use of the communication channel.
### Applications of TDM
- **Telecommunications**: TDM is extensively used in telecommunication systems, such as in T1 and E1 lines, where multiple telephone calls are transmitted over a single line by assigning each call to a specific time slot.
- **Digital Audio and Video Broadcasting**: TDM is used in broadcasting systems to transmit multiple audio or video streams over a single channel, ensuring efficient use of bandwidth.
- **Computer Networks**: TDM is used in network protocols and systems to manage the transmission of data from multiple sources over a single network medium.
### Advantages of TDM
- **Efficient Use of Bandwidth**: TDM all
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
K8sGPT is a tool that analyzes and diagnoses Kubernetes clusters. This presentation was used to share the requirements and dependencies to deploy K8sGPT in a local environment.
Unit-III-ELECTROCHEMICAL STORAGE DEVICES.ppt
Batteries -Introduction – Types of Batteries – discharging and charging of battery - characteristics of battery –battery rating- various tests on battery- – Primary battery: silver button cell- Secondary battery :Ni-Cd battery-modern battery: lithium ion battery-maintenance of batteries-choices of batteries for electric vehicle applications.
Fuel Cells: Introduction- importance and classification of fuel cells - description, principle, components, applications of fuel cells: H2-O2 fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and direct methanol fuel cells.
Recently uploaded (20)
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Society as a Graduate Student Member
Engineering Drawings Lecture Detail Drawings 2014.pdf
Engineering Drawings Lecture Detail Drawings 2014.pdf
The Python for beginners. This is an advance computer language.
The Python for beginners. This is an advance computer language.
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
Advanced control scheme of doubly fed induction generator for wind turbine us...
Eric Nizeyimana's document 2006 from gicumbi to ttc nyamata handball play
Eric Nizeyimana's document 2006 from gicumbi to ttc nyamata handball play
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
CHINA’S GEO-ECONOMIC OUTREACH IN CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES AND FUTURE PROSPECT
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
TIME DIVISION MULTIPLEXING TECHNIQUE FOR COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming Pipelines
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part II
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
Recycled Concrete Aggregate in Construction Part III
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
KuberTENes Birthday Bash Guadalajara - K8sGPT first impressions
BPV-GUI-01-Guide-for-ASME-Review-Teams-(General)-10-10-2023.pdf
BPV-GUI-01-Guide-for-ASME-Review-Teams-(General)-10-10-2023.pdf
Ventilation system
- 1. VENTILATION SYSTEM EM 165: Mine Ventilation MSU-IIT COE
- 2. VENTILATION SYSTEM Every UG mine is unique Classification: Mine systems District systems Auxiliary ventilation systems
- 3. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Fresh air enters via downcast shafts or other surface connections. Air flows along intake airways to working areas where most pollutants are added. Contaminated air returns back through the system along return airways. The return air passes back up to the surface via upcast shafts or other surface return connections.
- 4. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Air Area of Less Resistance Area of High Resistance Area usually needs ventilation Airflow Control Device Passive Device Active Device
- 5. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Active Devices: adds energy to air to direct it to where it is needed Main Fan: primary means of producing and controlling the ventilation airflow; usually located near the surface Types of main fan systems:
- 6. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Active Devices: Main Fan Exhausting vs. Forcing Fan System Gas control (control during falls of barometer and fan stoppage favors exhausting) Transportation (selection depends on whether transporting mineral through intake or return airways) Fan maintenance (exhaust fan subjected to air carrying dust, warmer air, and water droplets, thus the combined effects of impaction and corrosion are greater than in forcing case) Fan performance (cooler air implies lower mass flow duty for a forcing fan and hence for a certain airflow, a reduced pressure and running costs). However, this effect is
- 7. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Active Devices: Main Fan Push-Pull Fan System For metalliferous mine employing caving technique Employed in multi-shaft mines for better distribution of airflow, greater flexibility, better control over pressure and leakage, reduced operating cost.
- 8. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Active Devices: Main Fan Advantages: 1. Simpler Installation 2. Simpler Testing 3. Simpler Maintenance 4. Easier Access 5. Better Protection in Emergency Situation
- 9. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Active Devices: Main Fan
- 10. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Active Devices Booster Fan: employed when air flows through a ventilation network loses energy. Advantages: No need to upgrade existing main fan facilities, avoiding capital and operating cost increases; and Only a proportion of the whole mine airflow is boosted, saving operational costs compared to having to boost the whole mine airflow.
- 11. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Passive Devices: add resistance to flow routes to encourage the air to flow along other routes
- 12. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Passive Devices: add resistance to flow routes to encourage the air to flow along other routes
- 13. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Passive Devices: add resistance to flow routes to encourage the air to flow along other routes Air Doors and Airlocks: employed to minimize short- circuiting of ventilation flow by increasing resistance of a potential short- circuit route
- 14. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Passive Devices: add resistance to flow routes to encourage the air to flow along other routes Regulators: an air door fitted with an adjustable orifice for reduction of airflow in a particular section downstream to a defined airflow by increasing the resistance of the airway
- 16. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Passive Devices: add resistance to flow routes to encourage the air to flow along other routes Air crossing: installed where intake and return airways need to cross over each other Forms: Natural Intersection Prefabricated
- 17. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Passive Devices: Air crossing Types: Overcast: roof is ripped over one of the galleries, two chambers constructed and one of the air currents, usually the return is made to go via top chamber. Undercast: the floor-dug up to make the two chamber, and one of the air currents, usually the return, is made to flow through the lower chamber.
- 18. VENTILATION SYSTEM: MINE SYSTEM Passive Devices: Stoppings: blockage placed between intake and return airways which was previously used to provide quick access but no longer required Seals: constructed to prevent unwanted air loss from a ventilation system and to preclude oxygen from entering mined-out areas to prevent spontaneous combustion