India is the highest TB burden country accounting for more than one-fourth of the global incidence .Genital TB is found in 5-10% of women with infertility problems, with low rates in Australia (1%) and high rates of up to 19% in India (ICMR,2011)
what is endometriosis? Theories in endometriosis, sites of endometriosis. types and clinical presentation. signs and symptoms.
Investigations :TVS, CA125
laparoscopic findings
chocolate cyst and extrapelvic endometriosis.
Classification of endometiosis
Diffential diagnosis
Management :of asymptomatic and symptomatic cases
drugs and minimally invasive surgery
surgey and preventive measures in endometiosis.
India is the highest TB burden country accounting for more than one-fourth of the global incidence .Genital TB is found in 5-10% of women with infertility problems, with low rates in Australia (1%) and high rates of up to 19% in India (ICMR,2011)
what is endometriosis? Theories in endometriosis, sites of endometriosis. types and clinical presentation. signs and symptoms.
Investigations :TVS, CA125
laparoscopic findings
chocolate cyst and extrapelvic endometriosis.
Classification of endometiosis
Diffential diagnosis
Management :of asymptomatic and symptomatic cases
drugs and minimally invasive surgery
surgey and preventive measures in endometiosis.
Presentation on the description of normal and abnormal uterine bleeding, menstrual cycle, FIGO classification with PALM-COEIN, common differentials of AUB, assessment, diagnosis, and management.
Definition of fibroid / uterine leiomyoma
Diagnosis of Fibroid
Treatment of uterine fibroid
Surgery for uterine fibroid
When is surrogacy required for fibroid
By Dr Gajendra Tomar, Indore Infertility Clinic, IVF center
Recurrent pregnancy loss is a significant redroductive medical problem, influencing 2%–5% of couples. ... Throughout the years, proof based medications, for example, surgical correction of uterine abnormalities or asprin and heparin for antiphospholipid syndrome have improved the results for couples with repetitive pregnancy loss.
Presentation on the description of normal and abnormal uterine bleeding, menstrual cycle, FIGO classification with PALM-COEIN, common differentials of AUB, assessment, diagnosis, and management.
Definition of fibroid / uterine leiomyoma
Diagnosis of Fibroid
Treatment of uterine fibroid
Surgery for uterine fibroid
When is surrogacy required for fibroid
By Dr Gajendra Tomar, Indore Infertility Clinic, IVF center
Recurrent pregnancy loss is a significant redroductive medical problem, influencing 2%–5% of couples. ... Throughout the years, proof based medications, for example, surgical correction of uterine abnormalities or asprin and heparin for antiphospholipid syndrome have improved the results for couples with repetitive pregnancy loss.
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a condition
of unexplained hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation
that most likely represents a heterogenous disorder.
About 10% of women in the reproductive age group
suffer from this disorder.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Factory Supply Best Quality Pmk Oil CAS 28578–16–7 PMK Powder in Stockrebeccabio
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Hot Selling Organic intermediates
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
mortality, and public health costs than all illicit drugs combined. The
5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
4. Incidence
• M/c benign tumors of myometrium
• 77% of hysterectomy specimen
• 60% in 35-49 yrs
• 80% in >50 yrs
• 40% in 35 yrs
• 70% in 50 yrs
Afro american
White women
6. Genetics
• Cellular, atypical & large fibroids
• Translocations 12 & 14 chrm
• Deletion of 7 chrm
• Trisomy of 12 chrm
• Leiomyosarcoma have different origin
7. Hormones
• E & P increase in receptors no. & responsiveness.
• Hyperestrogenic states- Obesity, Ca endometrium,
early menarche, anovulatory infertility.
• Highest mitotic counts encountered in peak
progesterone production.
• Before puberty & after menopause – less incidence
9. Risk Factors
INCREASE DECREASE NO EFFECT
Age Green veg OCP
Endogenous hormone Exercise IUCD
Family history (2.5 times) Parity STI, CMV, HSV, EBV
Afro American Smoking
Weight
19. Natural History
• Grow slowly 9% over 1 year
• Regress after menopause
• Rapid growth in Premenopausal- indicates pregnancy
not sarcoma
• Postmenopausal with pain & bleeding- Sarcoma
• Secondary or degenerative changes
35. Medical Management
• Temporary palliation-
1. Menorrhagia
2. Before surgery-
Correction of anemia,
decrease size &
vascularity
3. Postpone surgery
• Alternative to surgery
1. Perimenopausal
2. Desiring fertility
3. Unfit for surgery
36. Drug Dose Advantage Disadvantage
ANTIFIBRINOLYTICS Tranexamic Acid
1-4gm/d
blood loss
Correct anemia
Size remain same
GnRH AGONIST Goserelin (Zoladex)
3.6mg every 28days
3-6mth s/c
30% size
35% ut vol
in 6mth
• Hypoestrogenic effect
• Rebound size
• Loss of plane
• Seedling fibroids missed
• Expensive
GnRH ANTAGONIST Cetorelix, Ganirelix 30% size in
3weeks
Under evaluation
ANTIANDROGEN Danazol 200-400mg
6-12mth
Gestrinone
Volume
No regrowth
Androgenic effect
PROGESTERONE
ANTAGONIST
Mifepristone
25-30mg 3-6mth
25-75% size
50% ut vol
Amenorrhea
Endometrial hyperplasia
Hot flushes, deranged LFT
37. • Antiestrogen- Faslox, Raloxifene, fadrozole (aromatase
inhibitor)
• MIRENA
• Others- chinese herbal medicine
38. SPRM
• Selective progesterone receptor modulator
ULIPRISTAL -
• Partial agonist & antagonist of Pg receptors
ASOPRISNIL –
• 10-25mg per day 3mth
• Inhibits growth
• Decreases uterine artery blood flow & menorrhagia
• No effect on endometrial proliferation
39. Magnetic Resonance guided Focused
Ultrasound
• FDA approved Oct 2004
• Selection criteria-
1. 4-10cm fibroids
2. Family completed
3. Perimenopausal
4. Subcut tissue to fibroid <12cm
5. Clearly visible on MRI
• Thermal ablation
• 31% reduction ut vol in 6mth
40.
41. • US is focused either
1. Geometrically via Lens, Curved Transducer
2. Electronically via Phased Array
• Adv-
1. No scar
2. Short stay, early resuming of activities
3. Least chances of infection, complications
4. Repetition of procedure with low risk
42. Uterine Artery Embolization
• Procedure
• Indication-Symptomatic fibroid, surgery not feasible
• Contraindications-
1. Immunocompromised
2. Genital tract infection or malignancy
3. Vascular disease
4. Contrast allergy/ impaired renal function
5. Infertility
43.
44. • Adv-
1. 80% decrease in menorrhagia, 33% reduction of fibroid
in 3mth. Success rate 85-95%.
2. Short stay
3. No bleeding, adhesions
• Disadv-
1. Postembolization syndrome
2. Early ovarian failure & early menopause
3. Effect on fertility & pregnancy
4. May require hysterectomy
5. Death, sepsis, loss of organs
45. Myolysis
• Lap procedure
• Destroys by laser, cryotherapy, electrosurgical energy
• Indications-
1. Perimenopausal 3-10cm
2. Ut size < 14wk
46. Surgical Management
• I/c-
1. Severe anemia
2. Torsion
3. Pain, urinary symptoms compromising QOL
• Preoperative-
1. Correction of anemia
2. Control menorrhagia
3. Control medical problems
47. ACOG criteria for Hysterectomy
• Confirmation of indication:
1. Asymptomatic 12wk concern to patient
2. Excessive bleeding- Profuse bleeding >8days or
anemia
3. Pelvic discomfort- Acute & severe or chronic pain,
Pressure symptoms
48. Myomectomy
I/c : Unexplained infertility with cavity distortion
Unexplained RPL
Fertility conservation
Subserous pedunculated
• Prerequisities-
1. Correct Hb, oral iron, GnRH-a, Autotransfusion
2. Other causes of infertility should be ruled out
3. Consent for hysterectomy
4. Perform in preovulatory menstrual cycle
5. Endometrial cancer rule out by D&C
55. Radiofrequency Ablation
• Halt’s method
• Under Phase 3 clinical trials awaits approval
• 3 small incisions-
1. Laparoscopic camera
2. Intraabdominal ultrasound probe
3. Halt Device
56. Gene Therapy
• Recent evidence suggests that, fibroids develop as an
over expression of p14Arf Gene.
• This drives a negative feedback loop between, p53 &
MDM2 genes, which governs the fate of each individual
fibroid.
• NUTLIN -3, a known MDM2 antagonist, was thus used
to oppose the proliferative activity in cell cultures from
fibroids.
• It also stimulates Senescence Gene- p21 & Apoptosis
Gene- BAX, in vitro.
57. Fibroids in Pregnancy
• Incidence – 18%, 1 in 1000
• Effect of pregnancy –
1. Increase in vascularity & size
2. Torsion of subserous
3. Puerperal infection
4. Red degeneration – 5%
Presentation
Appearance
Cause
• Effect of fibroid on pregnancy –RPL, Ante, intra, postpartum
58. • Indication of removal during CS-
1. Pedunculated subserosal
2. Interfering with delivery or closure
3. Intractable pain
4. Incarcerated fibroid
5. Rapid growth with pressure symptoms
Editor's Notes
advances
Benign monoclonal tumors of smooth muscle cells of myometrium& contains large aggregation of extracellular matrix collagen, fibronectin proteoglycan
Overall incidence is 50% & highest 35 45 yrs
Smooth ms polifratn, incrs DNA synthesis, promote mito & angiogenesis
Exposure to endog hormones as in early menarche & late menopause
Wt-21% risk increases with each 10 kg rise
Smoking contains nicotine wich inhibits aromatase & thus blocks conversion of androgen into estrone
Incidence is less in multiparas but there is increase in size during pregnancy coz of increase in blood supply
Wen fibroid grows symmetrically & remain within the myometrium intramural
Grows outward outside peritoneum in subserosal
Covered by thin endometrium submucous
Menorrhagia occurs due to incrsd surface area of the endometrial cavity , may interfere with myometrial contractility and of arteriols in the endometrium thrombosis and sloughing of venous channels ,increase vascularity, endometrial hyperplasia
Metrorrhagia in women >40yrs d&c to be done to rule out endom cancer which is associated in 3% cases
Ant & post wall fibroids cervical fibroid
Premenstrual rtention of urine due to increase in size premenstrually
Removal of submucous fibroid increase fertility, subserosal increase, intramural have no effect
Rapid growth occurs in pregnancy on ocp malignancy
incidence
Mri for size location plannin surgery
Usg is readily available least costly reliable in ut <375ml volume & 4 or less fibroids
Asymptomatic or small
Women approaching menopause
Rapid growth is 6weeks or more size in <1yr
GNRH AGONIST- sustained pituitary down regulation & supression of ovarian fiunction two phases agonist phase initial flare up followed by desensitisation phase. Creats state of medical hypophysectomy. Aftr discont menses return in 4-8wks while size return to pre t/t level aFter 6mt side effect hotflushes 78% headache 55% vg dryness 32% most significant effect is bone loss after 6mth of therapy so it may be given with low dose estrogn pg as add back therapy E 0.625mg & MPA 2.5mg.
Buserelin 300microgm daily Nafarelin 400microgm daily Leuoprolide & triptorelin 3.75mg 28days
Reduces menorrhagia size of uterus provide contraception
Highly precise medical procedure that applies high-intensity focused sonic energy to locally heat & destroy the diseased/damaged tissue, via ablation.
Ultrasound is focused into a small focal zone, like
focusing light rays through a magnifying glass to a point.
Percutaneous cannulation of femoral artery & embolization of uterine artery with PVA, gelatin sponges, trisacryl gelatin microspheres
PVA particles 500-700micrometer ischemic necrosis
fEver pain nausea vomitin malaise leucocytosis
1 …by recombinant erythropoetin alfa & epoetin 250 IU/kg wkly for 3 wks increase Hb by 1.6g/dl or parenteral iron or autotransfusion donor blood or Gnrh agonist
Removal of fibroids & conserving uterus
2. Postop drainage
4. Packing placed in plastic bags, 5000 IU heparin in 1000ml RL continuous irrigation & suction, no use of sponges, fine & running sutures, use of absorbable barriers like INTERCEED & non absorbable barrier Gortex/Seprafilm
5. Contolled hypotensive anesthesia target mbp 60mmhg, moderate tredelenburg position, C/I in MI, PVD, Renal or hepatic disease hypovolemia
Using Bonneys myomectomy clamp, occlusion by ring forceps, rubber torniquet around cervix via broad lig, rubber shod clamps, loop torniquet, Rumel torniquet, arterial occlusion shud be ensured, higher d bp tighter d torniquet,
Vasopressin, 20units in 20ml Ns into supf myom C/I in pt on TCA, Vascular heart diseases
6. Single ant midline vertical incision & removal of as many fibroids as possible & removal of post wall fibroids with incision in uterine cavity
intra-abdominal ultrasound probe, which can determine the size and location of fibroids.
a needle electrode that penetrates the fibroid and burns the cells, which are eventually reabsorbed by the body. The device also cauterizes the incision to minimize bleeding.
Large veins in capsule & thrombosed small veins in substance, causes fever mod leucocytosis, raised esr, d?D appendicitis, twisted ovarian cyst, aph