1) Nanoparticles between 1-100 nanometers can be used for targeted drug delivery by encapsulating drugs in their cores and functionalizing their shells with targeting agents.
2) Core-shell nanoparticles in particular consist of a functional core, modifiable shell, and surface biomolecules. They are useful for drug delivery because the core encapsulates drugs while the shell can be targeted to specific cells.
3) One example are PLGA-lecithin-PEG core-shell nanoparticles developed for controlled drug release. The hydrophobic PLGA core encapsulates chemotherapeutics while the lecithin-PEG shell provides stability, targeting, and prolonged circulation.
Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm.
Nanoparticles are made of a macromolecular material which can be of synthetic or natural origin.
Controlling and manipulating matter on the nanometer-length scale (1-100 nm), and
Exploiting novel phenomena and properties (physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, electrical) at the nanoscale.
DNA Nanotechnology: Concept and its Applications
DNA Nanotechnology # Various 2 and 3 dimensional shapes of DNA nanotechnology # DNA Origami # with their application and Future scope
Nanoparticles are solid colloidal particles ranging in size from 10 to 1000 nm.
Nanoparticles are made of a macromolecular material which can be of synthetic or natural origin.
Controlling and manipulating matter on the nanometer-length scale (1-100 nm), and
Exploiting novel phenomena and properties (physical, chemical, biological, mechanical, electrical) at the nanoscale.
DNA Nanotechnology: Concept and its Applications
DNA Nanotechnology # Various 2 and 3 dimensional shapes of DNA nanotechnology # DNA Origami # with their application and Future scope
The emergence of nanotechnology is likely to have a significant impact on drug delivery sector, affecting just about every route of administration from oral to injectable, according to specialist market research firm NanoMarkets.
Mark Bumiller from HORIBA Scientific (http://www.horiba.com/particle) discusses how the size and zeta potential of nanoparticles affects performance in drug delivery applications. This talk will be useful for any user of the HORIBA LA-950 or SZ-100 particle size analyzers or any laser diffraction or dynamic light scattering user in general.
Formulation and evaluation of nanoparticles as a drug delivery systems Tarun Kumar Reddy
Nanomaterials fall into a size range similar to proteins and other macromolecular structures found inside living cells. As such, nanomaterials are poised to take advantage of existing cellular machinery to facilitate the delivery of drugs. Nanoparticles containing encapsulated, dispersed, absorbed or conjugated drugs have unique characteristics that can lead to enhanced performance in a variety of dosage forms.
Smart materials technology enables us to adapt to environmental changes by activating its functions. Multifunctional materials, sort of smart materials, can be activated by electrical stimuli so as to produce its geometry change or property change.
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Nanotechnology is science, engineering, and technology conducted at the nanoscale, which is about 1 to 100 nanometers. Physicist Richard Feynman, the father of nanotechnology.
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Tissue engineering is a biomedical engineering discipline that uses a combination of cells, engineering, materials methods, and suitable biochemical and physicochemical factors to restore, maintain, improve, or replace different types of biological tissues.
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Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
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Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
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introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
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the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
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The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
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Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
1. Use of Core-Shell Nanoparticles in
Drug Delivery
Submitted by:
Nikita Gupta
01140801014
M.Tech NST
2nd semester
2. Introduction
Nanoparticles : any particle that is sized between 1 and 100
nanometers (in terms of diameter). The use of nanoparticles
allows one to change the pharmacokinetic properties of the drug
without changing the active compound.
General properties of nanoscale particles:
1. High surface area to volume ratio.
2. Able to interact with biomolecules on the surface of cells
3. Able to diffuse through the body well.
3. Introduction
Drug is a chemical substance used in the treatment,
cure, prevention, or diagnosis of disease or used to
enhance physical or mental well-being.
Drug Delivery delivering the drug at the right place, at
the right concentration for the right period of time.
Because of their small sizes, nanoparticles are taken by
cells where large particles would be excluded or cleared
from the body. Nanoparticles for drug delivery can be
metal-, polymer-, or lipid-based.
4. Types of Drug Delivery
TARGETED DRUG DELIVERY:
Delivering a drug to a specific site in the body where
it has the greatest effect, instead of allowing it
to diffuse to various sites, where it
may cause damage or trigger side effects.
CONTROLLED DRUG DELIVERY:
Is one which delivers the drug at a predetermined
rate , for locally or systematically , for specified
period of time .
5. Nano shells - An Introduction
Developed by Drs. Naomi Halas and Jennifer West – Rice University 1994
Nano shells have a core of silica and a metallic outer layer. These
nanoshells can be injected safely.
Because of their size, nanoshells will preferentially concentrate in cancer
lesion sites. This physical selectivity occurs through a phenomenon called
enhanced permeation retention (EPR).
The Nano shells carry molecular conjugates to the antigens that are
expressed on the cancer cells themselves or in the tumor
microenvironment. This second degree of specificity preferentially links
the nanoshells to the tumor and not to neighboring healthy cells.
The most useful Nano shells are those that absorb near infrared
light(700nm-1mm) that can easily penetrate Several centimeters in human
tissues.
Absorption of light by Nano shells creates an intense heat that is lethal to
cells.
5/19/2015 5
6. Generally speaking,
biocompatible core–shell
nanoparticles are composed of
a functionalized core, a
modifiable shell, and the
biomolecules modified on the
surface of the nanoparticles as
shown in Figure. The three
parts all make prominent
contributions to their
application of biomedicine.
7. Different Shaped Core/shell Nanoparticles
Figure: Different core/shell nanoparticles:
(a) spherical core/shell nanoparticles;
(b) hexagonal core/shell nanoparticles;
(c) multiple small core materials coated by single
shell material;
(d) nanomatryushka(Nano sphere in a shell) material;
(e) movable core within hollow shell material.
The properties of nanoparticles are not only size
dependent but are also linked with the actual shape.
For example, certain properties of magnetic
nanocrystals such as the blocking temperature,
magnetic saturation, and permanent magnetization are
all dependent on particle size, but the coercivity of the
nanocrystals totally depends on the particle shape
because of surface anisotropy effects
Other nanoparticle physical and chemical
properties such as catalytic activity and
selectivity, electrical and optical properties,
sensitivity to surface-enhanced Raman scattering
(SERS) and the Plasmon resonance and melting
point are also all highly shape-dependent
8. Importance of Core/Shell Nanoparticles
Emerged at the frontier between materials chemistry and many other fields, such as
electronics, biomedical, pharmaceutical, optics, and catalysis.
Core/shell nanoparticles are highly functional materials with modified properties.
Because of the shell material coating, the properties of the core particle such as
reactivity decrease or thermal stability can be modified, so that the overall particle
stability and dispersibility increases.
The purpose of the coating on the core particle are many fold, such as surface
modification, the ability to increase the functionality, stability, and dispersibility,
controlled release of the core, reduction in consumption of precious materials, and so
on.
Nano- and microsized hollow particles are used for different purposes such as micro
vessels, catalytic supports, adsorbents, lightweight structural materials and thermal
and electric insulators.
9. Techniques, Classifications & Mechanism Of Core/Shell Nanoparticle
Synthesis
In general, core/shell nanoparticles are synthesized using a two-step process, first synthesis of core and
second the synthesis of the shell.
The synthesis techniques of core/shell nanoparticles can be classified into two types depending on the
availability of core particles:
(i) the core particles are synthesized and separately incorporated into the system with proper surface
modification for coating the shell material;
(ii) the core particles are synthesized in situ, and this is followed by coating of the shell material.
The basic advantage of external core synthesis is the fact that core particles are available in pure form and
hence there is less possibility of impurities on the core surface.
Whereas, in situ synthesis, the main problem is that some impurity from the reaction media may be trapped
between the core and shell layer.
The most important step during synthesis of core/shell particles is to maintain uniform coating and to control
the shell thickness.
Some of the various synthetic methods for core/ shell particles used by different research groups are
precipitation, polymerization, micro emulsion, sol-gel condensation, layer by layer adsorption techniques etc.
10. 1) A nanoparticle carries the pharmaceutical agent inside its
core, while its shell is functionalized with a ‘binding’ agent
2) Through the ‘binding’ agent, the ‘targeted’ nanoparticle
recognizes the target cell. The functionalized nanoparticle
shell interacts with the cell membrane
3) The nanoparticle is ingested inside the cell, and interacts
with the biomolecules inside the cell
4) The nanoparticle breaks, and the pharmaceutical agent is
released
Nanotechnology – based drug delivery Systems
1
2
3
4
12. Nano shells – Curing Tumors
Absorption of light by nanoshells
creates an intense heat that is lethal to
cells. These are used for early detection
of cancer and its treatment by
embedding drug containing tumor
targeted hydrogel polymer and injected
in the body .which when heated with
laser (infrared)and thus release drug at
tumor site .
5/19/2015 12
13. PLGA–lecithin–PEG core–shell nanoparticles for
controlled drug delivery
The development of biodegradable core–shell NP systems that combined the
beneficial properties of liposomal and polymeric NPs for controlled drug delivery.
These core–shell NPs are formed from three biomaterials:
(i)Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) was selected for the hydrophobic core
due to its biodegradable nature and have good mechanical properties for drug
delivery applications and ability to encapsulate high amounts of hydrophobic
drugs(chemotherapeutic drug Dtxl); PLGA is a diblock copolymer. It is capable of
carrying highly insoluble drugs with high loading capacity.
14. (ii) lecithin was chosen for a monolayer around the hydrophobic core;
(iii) Poly(ethylene)glycol(PEG) intersperses in the lecithin monolayer to
form a PEG shell which provides electrostatic and steric stabilizations, a
longer circulation half-life in vivo as well as functional-end groups for
the attachment of targeting ligands such as antibodies, peptides and
aptamers.
A modified Nano precipitation technique was used to prepare the NPs.
Preparation of the NPs showed that various formulation parameter such
as the lipid/polymer mass ratio and lipid/lipid–PEG molar ratio
controlled NP physical stability and size.
17. DLS was used to characterize NP hydrodynamic size, poly-dispersity and zeta potential in each
preparation. The average diameter of synthesized NPs ranged between 60 and 70 nm. The zeta potential ranged
between 40 mV and 60 mV, depending on the size and composition of the NPs. Regardless of Dtxl loading, the
particle sizes and zeta potentials remained in the same range. A schematic shows the core-shell structure of the
NPs, while TEM was used to examine the morphology of the NPs. The TEM images revealed that the NPs are
dispersed as individual NPs with a well-defined spherical shape and homogeneously distributed around 60-70
nm in diameter, and that the incorporation of Dtxl did not seem to cause morphological changes.
19. References
Encyclopedia of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, 2004, v.1 & 7.
Handbook of Nanoscience, Engineering, and Technology, 2007.
Handbook of Nanotechnology,Springer,3rd edition.
Nanoparticle technology for drug delivery, volume 159 by Ram B Gupta.
journal homepage : www .elsevier .com /locate /biomaterials
PLGA-lecithin-PEG core-shell nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery by
Juliana M. Chan , Liangfang Zhang , Kai P. Yuet , Grace Liao , June-Wha
Rhee , Robert Langer , Omid C. Farokhzad.
Wikipedia.