PPT ON NANOPARTICLES

1. PRESENTED BY:-
SURAJ KHALI
M.PHARM
(PHARMACEUTICS)

2.  Nanotechnology is a broad interdisciplinary area
of research, development and industrial activity.
* Why “nano”
 Nanomaterials have superior properties than the bulk
substances :
 Mechanical strength
 Thermal stability
 Catalytic activity
 Electrical conductivity
 Magnetic properties
 Optical properties

3. “ Nanoparticles are sub-nano sized colloidal structures
composed of synthetic or semi-synthetic polymers.”
 Size range : 10–1000 nm
 The drug is dissolved, entrapped, encapsulated or attached to
a nanoparticle matrix.
NANOPARTICLES:
Nanoparticles are the end products of a wide variety of
physical, chemical and biological processes.
Nanoparticles may be defined as submicron (<1µm) colloidal
systems, generally, but not necessarily, made of polymers
(biodegradable or not).

4.  Control the particle size, surface properties
and release of pharmacologically active
agents in order to achieve the site-specific
action of the drug at the therapeutically
optimal rate and dose regimen.
 A wide range of applications:
 Quantum electronics, nonlinear optics,
photonics, sensing, information storage and
processing, adsorbents, catalysis, solar cells,
superplastic ceramics.

5.  Nanocapsules:- Nanocapsules are systems in which
the drug is confined to a cavity surrounded by a
unique polymer membrane.
 Nanospheres:- Nanospheres are matrix systems in
which the drug is physically and uniformly
dispersed.

7.  Solid Lipid Nanoparticles
 Polymeric Nanoparticles
 Ceramic Nanoparticles
 Hydrogel Nanoparticles
 Copolymerized Peptide Nanoparticles
 Nanocrystals and Nanosuspensions
 Nanotubes And Nanowires
 Functionalized Nanocarriers
 Nanospheres
 Nanocapsules

8.  New type of colloidal drug carrier system for i.v.
 Consists of spherical solid lipid particles in the nm
range, dispersed in water or in aqueous surfactant
solution.
Polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs):-
are defined as particulate dispersions or solid
particles with size in the range of 10-1000nm.
* Composed of synthetic or semi-synthetic Polymers.

9.  These are the nanoparticles made up of inorganic
(ceramic) compounds silica.
 Exist in size less than 50 nm, which helps them in
evading deeper parts of the body.
 Hydrogel nanoparticles:
 Polymeric system involving the self-assembly and
self aggregation of natural polymer amphiphiles.
 cholesteroyl dextran and agarose cholesterol
groups provide cross linking points

10.  Drug moiety is covalently bound to the carrier instead of
being physically entrapped.
 Nanocrystals And Nanosuspensions:-
 Pure drug coated with surfactant.
 Aggregation of these particles in crystalline form drug
powder dispersed in aqueous surfactant solution.
 Functionalized Nanocarriers:-
 Biological materials like proteins, enzymes, peptides etc… are
being utilized as a carriers for the drug delivery.

11.  Nano particle can be administered by:-
parenteral,
oral,
nasal,
occular routes.
 Improves stability and therapeutics index
and reduce toxic affects.
 Both active & passive drug targetting can be
achieved.

12.  Toxic metabolites may form.
 Limited drug loading.
 Small size & large surface area can lead to particle
aggregation .
 Physical handling of nano particles is difficult in
liquid and dry forms.

13.  Natural hydrophilic polymers:-
Proteins: - Gelatin, albumin, lectins, legume.
 Polysaccharides: - alginate, dextran, chitosan,
agarose.
 Synthetic hydrophobic polymers:-
 Pre-polymerized polymers: -
Poly (Lactic acid)(PLA), Polystyrene.
 Polymerized in process polymers: -
Poly (isobutyl cyanoacrylates).