This document discusses general electrical systems in buildings. It covers basics like earthing systems, wiring, industrial installations, lighting controls, light sources and lamps. It describes how an electrical system carries and distributes power safely from the point of delivery to various loads. Basic installations include lighting, exhaust fans, portable appliances and their wiring network. It also discusses fire safety systems, energy efficiency standards, and methods of wiring like joint box and loop-in systems. The document outlines types of lighting controls and different lighting designs. It concludes with an overview of telecommunication installation media like twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optics and various wireless transmission methods.

1. UINIT-II-ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS IN
BUILDINGS

2. SYLLABUS
Basics of electricity distribution – Earthing systems
and bonding – Electric wiring –Industrial
installations – Lighting controls – Light sources,
Lamps, Lighting Design –Telecommunication
installation.

3. GENERAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
• An electrical system, within the context of a
building, is a network of conductors and
equipment designed to carry,
• Distribute and convert electrical power safely.
• Point of delivery or generation to the various
loads around the building that consume the
electrical energy.

4. GENERAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
• The basic electrical installations are, lighting
i.e. providing illumination both inside and
outside.
• Buildings exhaust fans, use of portable and
non-portable electrical machines or
appliances and their wiring network, including
sub-main wiring, cable, O.H. lines etc,
including control panel and switches.

5. GENERAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
• Fire safety:
• The modern way of fighting fires is with
electrical power present.
• so parallel and auxiliary systems are conceived
to ensure occupant egress and to provide
power to fire fighters.

7. GENERAL ELECTRICAL SYSTEM
• Energy efficiency:
• Many organizations are addressing energy
standards the American Society of Heating,
Refrigeration and Air-Conditioning Engineers
(ASHRAE) is one of the leaders establishing
national standards to meet federal.

53. Methods of Wiring
(i) Joint Box or Tee System
(ii) Loop-in System
Joint Box or Tee System:
• In joint box system the connections to the lamps are made through joints
made in joint box by means of suitable connectors or joint cutouts.
• In this method though there is a saving in the quantity of wire or cable
required but the same is offset by the extra cost of joint boxes.

54. Loop-in System
• This system is universally used for connections of various lamps or other
appliances in parallel.
• In this system when a connection is required at a light or switch, the feed
conductor is looped in by bringing it direct to the terminal and then carrying
it forward again to the next point to be fed.

55. Selection or choice of wiring system
i. Safety
ii. Durability
iii. Appearance
iv. Mechanical protection
v. Accessibility
vi. Low initial cost
vii. Low maintenance cost

56. LIGHTING CONTROLS
Lighting controls are a range of smart lighting devices that can regulate the
levels, quality and characteristics of light in a defined space.
Types of Lighting Controls
1. Occupancy Sensors 2. Dimmers
3. Integrated Lighting Controls

57. LIGHT SOURCES, LAMPS, LIGHTING DESIGN
Light from the Ceiling onto Walls

58. Lighting from the Ground

59. Lighting from the Wall Upwards

60. Lighting the Wall

61. Light from Slots and Coves

62. Suspended Glowing Sources

63. TELECOMMUNICATION INSTALLATION

64. Telecommunications Links
Six potential media are employed to implement
telecommunication links:
1. Twisted pair
2. Coaxial cable
3. Fiber Optics cable
4. Terrestrial Microwave
5. Satellite Transmission
6. Radio Transmission