Introduction
Definition
Objectives
Factors influencing patient care
Organization of nursing services
Role of Nurse Administrator (In General)
Problems & Challenges
Conclusion
References
This document discusses counselling for terminal illness. A terminal illness is a disease that cannot be cured and is expected to result in death within a short period of time. Effective counselling requires the counsellor to understand each patient's unique experience, foster an egalitarian relationship, and build therapeutic alliance. Counsellors must utilize communication skills like listening, empathy, and assertiveness. To conduct effective counselling, counsellors should avoid jumping to conclusions, maintain objectivity, and use both open and closed-ended questions. Barriers like environmental factors, perceptions, and personal issues can interfere with effective counselling. Special consideration is needed when communicating with elderly patients, those with terminal illnesses or AIDS, the mentally ill, and children.
A Gantt chart is a bar chart that illustrates a project schedule and the phases and activities of a project work breakdown structure. It was introduced by Henry Gantt around 1910-1915. A Gantt chart shows the current schedule status, measures task duration in the project, and represents cost, time and scope. It is useful for planning, scheduling, and monitoring projects by laying out task order and allowing visualization of progress. The steps to construct a Gantt chart include scheduling critical and non-critical tasks based on precedence relationships and earliest start times.
The document discusses various topics related to budgeting and financial management in healthcare organizations, including definitions of budgeting, the importance and principles of budgeting, types of budgets, essential requisites and steps in budgeting, advantages and disadvantages of budgeting, cost analysis, and auditing. Key points covered include defining a budget as a plan for spending, the importance of budgets for planning, control and accountability, and different types of budgets such as fixed ceiling, flexible, and zero-based budgets.
The document provides information on problem trees and objective trees. It defines a problem tree as a tool to represent a problem by showing the main problem, causes, and effects. An objective tree mirrors the problem tree but formulates the causes as means and effects as ends, transforming it into potential solutions. The document outlines how to create both, including identifying the core problem, direct effects and root causes for a problem tree, and reformulating these into positive objectives linked by means-end relationships for an objective tree. Examples of partially completed trees are included for a bus accident and river water quality.
Study purpose only. Kindly share to others. the action of supervising someone or something.
"he was placed under the supervision of a probation officer"
Personality disorders are enduring patterns of thinking, perceiving, and relating to oneself and others that lead to distress and impairment. They can be classified categorically using systems like the DSM-5 or dimensionally based on traits. The DSM-5 identifies 10 specific personality disorders divided into 3 clusters based on common characteristics. Estimates suggest 10-23% of the general population has a personality disorder. Assessment of severity, social functioning, and attribution can provide additional classification details beyond categorical diagnosis.
The document discusses Gantt charts, which are a type of bar chart used to illustrate a project schedule. It provides details on the history, definition, uses, construction, purposes and limitations of Gantt charts. Specifically, Gantt charts were developed in 1917 by Henry Gantt to help plan, coordinate and track tasks in a project. They show the tasks on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal to help visualize the timeline and dependencies of a project. Modern software also allows indicating task dependencies in Gantt charts.
Introduction
Definition
Objectives
Factors influencing patient care
Organization of nursing services
Role of Nurse Administrator (In General)
Problems & Challenges
Conclusion
References
This document discusses counselling for terminal illness. A terminal illness is a disease that cannot be cured and is expected to result in death within a short period of time. Effective counselling requires the counsellor to understand each patient's unique experience, foster an egalitarian relationship, and build therapeutic alliance. Counsellors must utilize communication skills like listening, empathy, and assertiveness. To conduct effective counselling, counsellors should avoid jumping to conclusions, maintain objectivity, and use both open and closed-ended questions. Barriers like environmental factors, perceptions, and personal issues can interfere with effective counselling. Special consideration is needed when communicating with elderly patients, those with terminal illnesses or AIDS, the mentally ill, and children.
A Gantt chart is a bar chart that illustrates a project schedule and the phases and activities of a project work breakdown structure. It was introduced by Henry Gantt around 1910-1915. A Gantt chart shows the current schedule status, measures task duration in the project, and represents cost, time and scope. It is useful for planning, scheduling, and monitoring projects by laying out task order and allowing visualization of progress. The steps to construct a Gantt chart include scheduling critical and non-critical tasks based on precedence relationships and earliest start times.
The document discusses various topics related to budgeting and financial management in healthcare organizations, including definitions of budgeting, the importance and principles of budgeting, types of budgets, essential requisites and steps in budgeting, advantages and disadvantages of budgeting, cost analysis, and auditing. Key points covered include defining a budget as a plan for spending, the importance of budgets for planning, control and accountability, and different types of budgets such as fixed ceiling, flexible, and zero-based budgets.
The document provides information on problem trees and objective trees. It defines a problem tree as a tool to represent a problem by showing the main problem, causes, and effects. An objective tree mirrors the problem tree but formulates the causes as means and effects as ends, transforming it into potential solutions. The document outlines how to create both, including identifying the core problem, direct effects and root causes for a problem tree, and reformulating these into positive objectives linked by means-end relationships for an objective tree. Examples of partially completed trees are included for a bus accident and river water quality.
Study purpose only. Kindly share to others. the action of supervising someone or something.
"he was placed under the supervision of a probation officer"
Personality disorders are enduring patterns of thinking, perceiving, and relating to oneself and others that lead to distress and impairment. They can be classified categorically using systems like the DSM-5 or dimensionally based on traits. The DSM-5 identifies 10 specific personality disorders divided into 3 clusters based on common characteristics. Estimates suggest 10-23% of the general population has a personality disorder. Assessment of severity, social functioning, and attribution can provide additional classification details beyond categorical diagnosis.
The document discusses Gantt charts, which are a type of bar chart used to illustrate a project schedule. It provides details on the history, definition, uses, construction, purposes and limitations of Gantt charts. Specifically, Gantt charts were developed in 1917 by Henry Gantt to help plan, coordinate and track tasks in a project. They show the tasks on the vertical axis and time on the horizontal to help visualize the timeline and dependencies of a project. Modern software also allows indicating task dependencies in Gantt charts.
The document discusses dissociative disorders, specifically focusing on dissociative amnesia. It defines dissociative amnesia as an inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature. Dissociative amnesia can involve localized, selective, or generalized memory loss and may involve dissociative fugue, which is purposeful wandering associated with amnesia. The causes are often traumatic events such as abuse, and it is differentiated from other conditions by intact reality testing and the context of the memory loss. Treatment involves various forms of psychotherapy.
This document defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling aspects involved in ensuring the availability of necessary materials, supplies, drugs, and equipment as needed. The purpose of material management is to provide the right materials in the required quantity and quality when required, cut costs through standardization, develop healthcare knowledge and skills, and increase healthcare system efficiency. Nurses play an important role in material management by ensuring adequate supplies, monitoring quality and safety, maintaining inventory and emergency stocks, and participating in policymaking and evaluation.
This document provides an overview of crisis management. It defines a crisis as a major, unpredictable event that threatens an organization. It outlines the characteristics, types, and phases of a crisis. It also discusses crisis as both an opportunity and a danger. The document explains the importance of crisis management and the roles and functions of a crisis management department and team. It provides details on crisis management processes, including planning, implementation, training, and maintenance. It also discusses the nurse's role in crisis intervention and assessment.
This document outlines the key components of an essential basic health service at the community level. It states that such a service should be comprehensive, accessible, acceptable, involve community participation, and be affordable. The goals of community health services are to reduce mortality and morbidity, increase life expectancy, decrease population growth rates, improve nutrition, provide basic sanitation, and support economic development through agriculture, food production, and small industries. The document then describes the various types of health care services that should be provided at the community level.
Quality Assurance - Nursing Management
QA programmes in long-term care do provide a mechanism for continuously evaluating & improving nursing practice skills that ultimately make a clinical difference at the bedside. So, the professionals must assume responsibility for their professional actions and be answerable to the recipients for their care. Quality assurance program is thus the need of the hour.
This document provides an overview of the Mental Health Act of 1987 in India. Some key points:
- The Act was passed in 1987 and came into effect in 1993, replacing previous legislation from 1912 and 1858.
- It established central and state mental health authorities to regulate and oversee psychiatric facilities and services.
- The Act covers procedures for licensing psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes, voluntary and involuntary admission of patients, reception orders for long-term detention, rights of detained individuals, and legal oversight of facilities.
- Its goals were to improve standards of care for the mentally ill, protect their rights and safety, and modernize outdated terminology from previous laws. It aims to balance treatment and protection of both patients
This document provides information on organic disorders, specifically delirium and dementia. It defines organic disorders as disorders caused by a known pathological condition of an organic structure. Delirium is described as a state of mental confusion caused by a disturbance in brain metabolism, with rapid onset and fluctuating symptoms. Dementia is defined as the progressive deterioration of brain function occurring after maturation, characterized by deficits in memory, thinking and behavior. The document discusses the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment/management of delirium and dementia.
Affiliation Trends in Health Care: Answers to Key QuestionsPYA, P.C.
PYA Principal Martie Ross recently presented as faculty for the Missouri Hospital Association's Center for Education webinar, "Affiliation Trends in Health Care: Answers to Key Questions."
Personality plays a key role in how individuals respond to and cope with stress. The document discusses several personality types and traits that are either stress-prone or stress-resistant. Stress-prone personalities include Type A, codependent, helpless-hopeless, and irrational personalities. Stress-resistant personalities include Type B, hardy, survivor, and sensation-seeking personalities. Big Five traits like neuroticism and conscientiousness also impact stress responses. Locus of control, self-esteem, anger, and time management styles further influence individual stress levels.
The document summarizes some of the key differences between the DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic manuals. Some of the main changes include:
- The DSM-5 removed the multiaxial system that was used in DSM-IV.
- Several disorders were renamed or reclassified, such as moving obsessive-compulsive disorder into its own category.
- New disorders were added, like disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in children.
- Criteria for some existing disorders were updated, like changing the definitions for bipolar disorders and anorexia nervosa.
- The number of diagnoses grew from 365 in the DSM-IV to over 500 in the DSM
NITI Aayog is the Indian government's policy think tank established in 2015 to replace the Planning Commission. It aims to involve states more in economic policymaking. Headquartered in New Delhi, NITI Aayog is chaired by the Prime Minister and comprises state leaders and outside experts. Its role is to provide strategic policy and technical advice to central and state governments to foster sustainable development.
The document discusses auditing in healthcare. It defines auditing as the process of evaluating or analyzing something to determine its accuracy or safety. Auditing in healthcare was introduced in the early 20th century to verify the quality of care by analyzing medical records. There are two main types of audits - external audits conducted by independent auditors to review financial documents, and internal audits which are independent reviews of an organization's operations, risks, controls and governance processes. Nursing audits specifically aim to assess and improve the quality of clinical nursing care.
Planning
Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a co ordinate and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objectives. Planning is essentially a process of making choice between available alternatives at all levels of decision making.
1. Maslow's theory of motivation proposes that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs like physiological and safety needs, before seeking higher level needs for love, esteem and self-actualization.
2. Herzberg's two-factor theory distinguishes between job factors that cause satisfaction like achievement and recognition, versus factors like company policies that prevent dissatisfaction if present.
3. Both theories aim to explain human motivation and what fulfills different levels of individual needs, though they have limitations like not accounting for individual or situational differences.
Psychiatric emergencies are acute changes in behavior that negatively impact a patient's ability to function in his or her environment. ... The screening assessment also involves a psychiatric safety check to explore for suicidal ideation, homicidal ideation, or patients' inability to care for themselves.
This document discusses alternative systems of health. It defines alternative health as healing approaches that originate from around the world and are not based on conventional western medicine. Some key alternative medical systems discussed include Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, homeopathy and naturopathy. Biologically based treatments include herbal medicines and nutritional therapy. Mind body techniques involve using the mind to influence physical health, such as meditation and hypnotherapy. Manipulative methods comprise yoga and chiropractic. Energy therapies include massage, acupuncture and aromatherapy. The document also mentions other alternative therapies like dance therapy and cupping therapy.
The Mental Health Act of 1987 was introduced to replace the outdated Indian Lunacy Act of 1912 and protect the rights of mentally ill individuals. The Act established central and state authorities to regulate mental health services. It outlines procedures for admission, detention, discharge and legal protection of mentally ill persons in psychiatric facilities. The Act aims to change societal attitudes towards mental illness and ensure mentally ill individuals receive treatment like other sick patients without stigma. It was later replaced by the Mental Healthcare Bill of 2013 to further strengthen legal safeguards and align with advancements in medical science.
These slides,describes the general and possible causes of mental disorders.
These slides can be used by Psychiatric students,mental health nurses,Doctors and clinical officer students including whoever interested in mental disorders etiology.
The document discusses health care reforms and the evolution of health care systems. It covers objectives of health care reforms such as expanding coverage and access to care. A major goal is providing better health care protection for more people at lower cost. Issues discussed include unequal distribution of health care resources between rural and urban areas, difficulties accessing care due to geographic, socioeconomic and gender factors, and how economic inequality affects health outcomes. The growth of the private health care sector is also addressed as adding to social inequities in access to affordable, quality care.
Somatization disorder is characterized by physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained medically and are thought to arise from psychological factors. People with pain disorder experience severe, prolonged pain that significantly impacts their daily lives. Hypochondriasis involves excessive fears about having a serious illness despite medical evaluations finding no physical causes. These somatoform disorders are influenced by predisposing factors like family dynamics, past illnesses, and psychological theories. Treatment involves psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, and sometimes medication.
Chapt5.pptx it is notes of the 5th chapterpreetidamakale
The document discusses project scheduling and tracking techniques for software projects. It covers work breakdown structures, activity networks, Gantt charts, critical path method (CPM), program evaluation and review technique (PERT), and comparing planned vs. actual project timelines. Example macro timeline charts are provided for library management, college management, and hotel management systems projects spanning 15-20 days each broken down by SDLC phases.
The document discusses dissociative disorders, specifically focusing on dissociative amnesia. It defines dissociative amnesia as an inability to recall important autobiographical information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature. Dissociative amnesia can involve localized, selective, or generalized memory loss and may involve dissociative fugue, which is purposeful wandering associated with amnesia. The causes are often traumatic events such as abuse, and it is differentiated from other conditions by intact reality testing and the context of the memory loss. Treatment involves various forms of psychotherapy.
This document defines material management as planning, organizing, and controlling aspects involved in ensuring the availability of necessary materials, supplies, drugs, and equipment as needed. The purpose of material management is to provide the right materials in the required quantity and quality when required, cut costs through standardization, develop healthcare knowledge and skills, and increase healthcare system efficiency. Nurses play an important role in material management by ensuring adequate supplies, monitoring quality and safety, maintaining inventory and emergency stocks, and participating in policymaking and evaluation.
This document provides an overview of crisis management. It defines a crisis as a major, unpredictable event that threatens an organization. It outlines the characteristics, types, and phases of a crisis. It also discusses crisis as both an opportunity and a danger. The document explains the importance of crisis management and the roles and functions of a crisis management department and team. It provides details on crisis management processes, including planning, implementation, training, and maintenance. It also discusses the nurse's role in crisis intervention and assessment.
This document outlines the key components of an essential basic health service at the community level. It states that such a service should be comprehensive, accessible, acceptable, involve community participation, and be affordable. The goals of community health services are to reduce mortality and morbidity, increase life expectancy, decrease population growth rates, improve nutrition, provide basic sanitation, and support economic development through agriculture, food production, and small industries. The document then describes the various types of health care services that should be provided at the community level.
Quality Assurance - Nursing Management
QA programmes in long-term care do provide a mechanism for continuously evaluating & improving nursing practice skills that ultimately make a clinical difference at the bedside. So, the professionals must assume responsibility for their professional actions and be answerable to the recipients for their care. Quality assurance program is thus the need of the hour.
This document provides an overview of the Mental Health Act of 1987 in India. Some key points:
- The Act was passed in 1987 and came into effect in 1993, replacing previous legislation from 1912 and 1858.
- It established central and state mental health authorities to regulate and oversee psychiatric facilities and services.
- The Act covers procedures for licensing psychiatric hospitals and nursing homes, voluntary and involuntary admission of patients, reception orders for long-term detention, rights of detained individuals, and legal oversight of facilities.
- Its goals were to improve standards of care for the mentally ill, protect their rights and safety, and modernize outdated terminology from previous laws. It aims to balance treatment and protection of both patients
This document provides information on organic disorders, specifically delirium and dementia. It defines organic disorders as disorders caused by a known pathological condition of an organic structure. Delirium is described as a state of mental confusion caused by a disturbance in brain metabolism, with rapid onset and fluctuating symptoms. Dementia is defined as the progressive deterioration of brain function occurring after maturation, characterized by deficits in memory, thinking and behavior. The document discusses the causes, signs and symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment/management of delirium and dementia.
Affiliation Trends in Health Care: Answers to Key QuestionsPYA, P.C.
PYA Principal Martie Ross recently presented as faculty for the Missouri Hospital Association's Center for Education webinar, "Affiliation Trends in Health Care: Answers to Key Questions."
Personality plays a key role in how individuals respond to and cope with stress. The document discusses several personality types and traits that are either stress-prone or stress-resistant. Stress-prone personalities include Type A, codependent, helpless-hopeless, and irrational personalities. Stress-resistant personalities include Type B, hardy, survivor, and sensation-seeking personalities. Big Five traits like neuroticism and conscientiousness also impact stress responses. Locus of control, self-esteem, anger, and time management styles further influence individual stress levels.
The document summarizes some of the key differences between the DSM-IV and DSM-5 diagnostic manuals. Some of the main changes include:
- The DSM-5 removed the multiaxial system that was used in DSM-IV.
- Several disorders were renamed or reclassified, such as moving obsessive-compulsive disorder into its own category.
- New disorders were added, like disruptive mood dysregulation disorder in children.
- Criteria for some existing disorders were updated, like changing the definitions for bipolar disorders and anorexia nervosa.
- The number of diagnoses grew from 365 in the DSM-IV to over 500 in the DSM
NITI Aayog is the Indian government's policy think tank established in 2015 to replace the Planning Commission. It aims to involve states more in economic policymaking. Headquartered in New Delhi, NITI Aayog is chaired by the Prime Minister and comprises state leaders and outside experts. Its role is to provide strategic policy and technical advice to central and state governments to foster sustainable development.
The document discusses auditing in healthcare. It defines auditing as the process of evaluating or analyzing something to determine its accuracy or safety. Auditing in healthcare was introduced in the early 20th century to verify the quality of care by analyzing medical records. There are two main types of audits - external audits conducted by independent auditors to review financial documents, and internal audits which are independent reviews of an organization's operations, risks, controls and governance processes. Nursing audits specifically aim to assess and improve the quality of clinical nursing care.
Planning
Planning is an intellectual process of making decisions and it aims to achieve a co ordinate and consistent set of operations aimed at desired objectives. Planning is essentially a process of making choice between available alternatives at all levels of decision making.
1. Maslow's theory of motivation proposes that people are motivated to fulfill basic needs like physiological and safety needs, before seeking higher level needs for love, esteem and self-actualization.
2. Herzberg's two-factor theory distinguishes between job factors that cause satisfaction like achievement and recognition, versus factors like company policies that prevent dissatisfaction if present.
3. Both theories aim to explain human motivation and what fulfills different levels of individual needs, though they have limitations like not accounting for individual or situational differences.
Psychiatric emergencies are acute changes in behavior that negatively impact a patient's ability to function in his or her environment. ... The screening assessment also involves a psychiatric safety check to explore for suicidal ideation, homicidal ideation, or patients' inability to care for themselves.
This document discusses alternative systems of health. It defines alternative health as healing approaches that originate from around the world and are not based on conventional western medicine. Some key alternative medical systems discussed include Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani, homeopathy and naturopathy. Biologically based treatments include herbal medicines and nutritional therapy. Mind body techniques involve using the mind to influence physical health, such as meditation and hypnotherapy. Manipulative methods comprise yoga and chiropractic. Energy therapies include massage, acupuncture and aromatherapy. The document also mentions other alternative therapies like dance therapy and cupping therapy.
The Mental Health Act of 1987 was introduced to replace the outdated Indian Lunacy Act of 1912 and protect the rights of mentally ill individuals. The Act established central and state authorities to regulate mental health services. It outlines procedures for admission, detention, discharge and legal protection of mentally ill persons in psychiatric facilities. The Act aims to change societal attitudes towards mental illness and ensure mentally ill individuals receive treatment like other sick patients without stigma. It was later replaced by the Mental Healthcare Bill of 2013 to further strengthen legal safeguards and align with advancements in medical science.
These slides,describes the general and possible causes of mental disorders.
These slides can be used by Psychiatric students,mental health nurses,Doctors and clinical officer students including whoever interested in mental disorders etiology.
The document discusses health care reforms and the evolution of health care systems. It covers objectives of health care reforms such as expanding coverage and access to care. A major goal is providing better health care protection for more people at lower cost. Issues discussed include unequal distribution of health care resources between rural and urban areas, difficulties accessing care due to geographic, socioeconomic and gender factors, and how economic inequality affects health outcomes. The growth of the private health care sector is also addressed as adding to social inequities in access to affordable, quality care.
Somatization disorder is characterized by physical symptoms that cannot be fully explained medically and are thought to arise from psychological factors. People with pain disorder experience severe, prolonged pain that significantly impacts their daily lives. Hypochondriasis involves excessive fears about having a serious illness despite medical evaluations finding no physical causes. These somatoform disorders are influenced by predisposing factors like family dynamics, past illnesses, and psychological theories. Treatment involves psychotherapy, behavioral therapy, and sometimes medication.
Chapt5.pptx it is notes of the 5th chapterpreetidamakale
The document discusses project scheduling and tracking techniques for software projects. It covers work breakdown structures, activity networks, Gantt charts, critical path method (CPM), program evaluation and review technique (PERT), and comparing planned vs. actual project timelines. Example macro timeline charts are provided for library management, college management, and hotel management systems projects spanning 15-20 days each broken down by SDLC phases.
This document provides an overview of software project management. It discusses that software development requires management due to budget and schedule constraints. Project management activities include proposal writing, planning, costing, monitoring, personnel selection, and reporting. Techniques from engineering project management can also apply to software projects. Calculating the critical path and using techniques like PERT are important for scheduling projects and accounting for uncertainty in duration estimates. Float refers to slack time in a project schedule where tasks can be delayed without impacting subsequent tasks or the overall completion date.
The document discusses project management. It defines a project as a series of related tasks focused on completing an overall objective. Project management involves planning, directing, and controlling resources to meet technical, cost, and time constraints. The stages of the project life cycle are identified as initiation, planning, execution, monitoring and control, and closure. Project management software supports projects through task scheduling, resource allocation, communication, and tracking progress. Gantt charts, PERT charts, and critical path analysis are tools and techniques used for project management tasks.
1. The document discusses several project management techniques including PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique), Gantt charts, and Management by Objectives (MBO).
2. PERT involves identifying activities, determining sequences, estimating times, and identifying critical paths to manage projects. Gantt charts use horizontal bars to visualize task relationships and allocate resources over time.
3. MBO involves setting objectives collaboratively, periodic reviews, and integrating individual goals with organizational goals. These techniques aim to effectively plan, monitor, and control projects.
This document provides an overview of project management techniques, including definitions, phases, and methods. It discusses:
1. Project management involves planning, scheduling, and controlling interrelated activities using limited resources over a defined time period.
2. Popular techniques include Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT), which use network diagrams and time/resource estimates to identify critical paths and schedules.
3. Project formulation involves feasibility analysis, design, financial analysis, and cost-benefit analysis to evaluate a project idea before implementation.
The document discusses time management techniques in project scheduling. It describes the seven key processes for developing a project schedule: 1) plan schedule management, 2) define activities, 3) sequence activities, 4) estimate activity resources, 5) estimate activity durations, 6) develop schedule, and 7) control schedule. It provides details on critical path method for determining a project's longest path and calculating floats. The document also covers schedule compression techniques like fast tracking and crashing to potentially reduce project duration.
Time management in project management involves planning the total time spent on a project, monitoring progress, and controlling project tasks and activities. There are seven key processes: 1) planning the project schedule, 2) identifying activities, 3) sequencing activities, 4) estimating resources, 5) estimating activity times, 6) developing the project schedule, and 7) monitoring and controlling the schedule. Critical techniques include using a critical path method to identify critical activities, schedule compression to shorten timelines, and resource leveling to optimize resource allocation. Good time management practices include planning work in advance, setting priorities, focusing on one task at a time, minimizing interruptions on critical tasks, planning to complete tasks early, delegating tasks, learning to say no
PERT is a project management tool used to schedule, organize, and coordinate tasks within a project. It is basically a method to analyze the tasks involved in completing a given project, especially the time needed to complete each task, and to identify the minimum time needed to complete the total project.
2nd and 3rd Lecture (Maintenance).pptx.pdfAhmedshayor
This document discusses project scheduling and control methods. It describes critical path method (CPM) and program evaluation and review technique (PERT) which are used to schedule projects by breaking them into tasks, determining task durations, and identifying the critical path which represents the longest sequence of tasks that must be completed on time. CPM is used when task durations are certain, while PERT is used when they are uncertain. The critical path cannot be delayed or it will delay the entire project. Other topics covered include maintenance project backlogs, priority systems, and different types of maintenance.
This document provides an overview of key concepts for entrepreneurship projects including project identification, formulation, design, evaluation, appraisal, report preparation, management, and feasibility analysis. It discusses project design, essential elements of a project plan such as objectives, requirements, schedule, roles and more. It also covers networking techniques like Gantt charts and PERT charts that can be used to represent and schedule project plans, including how to make and calculate a PERT chart. Finally, it discusses sensitivity analysis and how it assesses how sensitive a project's net present value is to changes in variables.
Project planning and scheduling techniquesShivangi Saini
The document discusses various project scheduling and analysis techniques including:
- Milestone charts, task lists, Gantt charts, and network diagrams for displaying project schedules.
- Critical path analysis, critical chain analysis, PERT, and resource leveling for analyzing project schedules.
- Buffer management, crashing, fast-tracking, split-to-phases, and mainline-offline scheduling for accelerating project schedules. Each technique is briefly described along with its risks and applications.
This document provides an overview of project management concepts including:
- The purpose of project management is to ensure objectives are met on schedule and budget through communication, meetings, reviews, and monitoring.
- Project management involves planning, organizing, controlling, and measuring a group of linked activities with a clear start and end point to achieve specific results.
- Techniques like CPM, PERT, and Gantt charts are used to plan projects, identify critical paths, determine slack times, and monitor progress. Project crashing can potentially reduce durations but at increased cost.
- The project life cycle typically involves phases like planning, implementation, testing, and closure with varying resource needs and uncertainty levels through the process.
Project Mangement - overview of the Schedule Management knowledge area within project management. Describes the 6 processes within schedule management and the process groups impacted.
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Critical Path Method, or CPM, is a project modeling technique that helps project managers plan, schedule, and execute their projects effectively. It pinpoints the crucial tasks — the ones that, if delayed, would push back the project's entire timeline.
This document discusses project planning and control. It defines a project and outlines the typical project life cycle, which includes definition, planning, execution, and termination phases. The planning process involves specifying requirements, structuring tasks, breaking projects down into work packages, allocating tasks to team members, estimating timelines, and identifying resources needed. Control methods like Gantt charts, PERT, and CPM are used to monitor progress against schedules and budgets. Regular updates and revisions help ensure projects stay on track to meet their objectives.
The Critical Path Method (CPM) is a project management tool used to schedule tasks and ensure projects are completed on time. It involves identifying all tasks, determining their sequence and duration, and mapping them on a chart to identify the critical path - the sequence of tasks that must be completed on schedule or the project will be delayed. CPM aids in planning, tracking progress, and identifying which tasks are most important to keep the project on schedule. It provides benefits like a visual project plan and ability to determine the minimum time needed to complete a project.
The Critical Path Method (CPM) is a project management tool used to schedule tasks and ensure projects are completed on time. It involves identifying all tasks, determining their sequence and duration, and mapping them on a chart to identify the critical path - the longest sequence of tasks that must be completed on schedule or the project will be delayed. CPM aids in planning, tracking progress, and identifying which tasks are most important to keep the project on schedule. While it provides visibility into dependencies, it can be more complex than Gantt charts.
Project management - a practical overview Sue GreenerSue Greener
This document provides an overview of project management concepts and best practices. It discusses the realistic project life cycle which includes initiation, planning, execution, and closure phases. Key steps in planning a project are defining objectives and scope, structuring the project, scheduling tasks, analyzing risks, and establishing controls. The document emphasizes clear communication, tracking progress, allowing flexibility, and evaluating outcomes for continual learning and improvement on projects.
The document provides an overview of the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT). It begins by defining PERT as a statistical tool used in project management to analyze and represent tasks involved in completing a project. It then discusses the history and development of PERT by the US Navy in the 1950s. The document goes on to explain key PERT concepts such as events, activities, time estimates, floats, critical paths, and how PERT is used to schedule and manage projects. It concludes by discussing some advantages and limitations of using PERT for project management.
Similar to Unit v mha project evaluation review technique (pert) (20)
Unit –IV Nursing Management oragnization M,Sc II year 2023.pptxanjalatchi
Organization is aprocess of grouping the necessary responsibilities and activities into workable units, determining the lines of authority and communication and developing patterns of coordination." "It is conscious development of role structures of superior and subordinate, line and staff. "
INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL NURSES WEEK SPEECH 12.5.23.pptxanjalatchi
The document discusses the International and National Nurses Week celebration from May 6-12, 2023. It outlines the theme of "Our Nurses. Our Future." and emphasizes protecting, respecting, and valuing nurses. It also remembers Florence Nightingale, the founder of modern nursing. The speech discusses credentialing, privileging, and self-care for physical, mental, and emotional health as important for the nursing profession. It outlines the broad scope and opportunities for nurses in India and globally.
VOTE OF THANKS FOR NURSES DAY WEEK CELEBRATION 8.5.23.pptxanjalatchi
Dr. Anjalatchi Muthukumaran, the Nursing Superintendent and Vice Principal of Era College of Nursing, gives a vote of thanks for the successful celebration of International Nurses Day week from May 6-12, 2023. He thanks the Almighty, the chief guest Mrs. Mary J. Malik, the guest of honour Prof. Abbas Ali Mahdi, Pro-Vice Chancellor Dr. Farzana Mahdi, Principal Dr. Priscilla Samson, faculty, staff, students and all participants for their efforts in organizing the event. He appreciates the anchor committee, technical team, housekeeping staff and class IV workers for their contributions behind the scenes. Finally, he thanks the audience for making
Unit -III Planning and control M.sc II year.pptxanjalatchi
planning and control, often known as production planning and control, are management functions that seek to determine: first, what market demands are stating and second, reconcile how a company can fill those demands through planning and monitoring.
World No Tobacco Day is observed annually on May 31st to raise awareness about the health risks of tobacco use. This year's theme is "Commit to Quit". The World Health Organization started World No Tobacco Day in 1987 to draw attention to the global tobacco epidemic and preventable death and illness caused by tobacco use. Tobacco kills over 8 million people worldwide each year, with over 7 million deaths due to direct tobacco use and around 1.2 million due to secondhand smoke exposure. Large graphic health warnings on tobacco packaging can help persuade smokers to protect non-smokers from secondhand smoke and encourage more people to quit tobacco use. Over 70% of the 1.3 billion tobacco users worldwide lack access to tools that can help them successfully
This document provides information on the Post Basic B.Sc Nursing program at Era University of Health Sciences in Lucknow, India. The 2-year program aims to prepare graduates to assume nursing responsibilities and roles such as manager, teacher, and researcher. The curriculum includes courses in the first year on subjects like microbiology, nutrition, biochemistry, psychology, and various areas of nursing. The second year focuses on courses in community health nursing, mental health nursing, nursing education, administration, and research. The maximum time allowed to complete the program is 4 years. The document then provides detailed syllabus outlines for some of the first year courses, including learning objectives, topics, and assessment methods for each unit.
This document provides a course plan for a Community Health Nursing course at Era College of Nursing. The course is for second year post basic BSc Nursing students and includes 60 hours of theory and 400 hours of practical training. The course aims to help students understand national healthcare systems and participate in healthcare delivery to communities. It covers topics such as community health concepts, family health nursing, health programs and policies in India, community healthcare systems, and the roles of community health nursing personnel. Students will learn through lectures, discussions, visits, and supervised practical work in urban and rural healthcare settings. Their performance will be evaluated through written assignments, reports, and skill assessments.
LIST OF CHAPTER FOR P.B.SC CHN BOOK.docxanjalatchi
This document provides an index for a community health nursing textbook for post-basic B.Sc nursing students. The index outlines 7 units that will be covered in the textbook, including: 1) introduction to community health nursing concepts and principles, 2) family health services and working with families, 3) organization of health services in India, 4) health education, 5) national health programs, 6) epidemiology, and 7) biostatistics and vital statistics. Each unit lists the chapter topics and page numbers that will discuss the content and concepts addressed in that section of the textbook. The index was prepared by the Vice Principal of Era College of Nursing to outline the structure and flow of information in the community health nursing textbook.
This document contains a synopsis proforma for registering dissertation subjects for an M.Sc. in Nursing program. It requests information such as the candidate's name and address, institution, course of study, admission date, proposed topic, and a brief overview of the intended research work. The synopsis proforma outlines the need for the study and provides sections for references, signatures of the guide and co-guide, remarks from the head of department and principal, and confirmation that ethical clearance was obtained if required.
This document outlines the key terms of a lease agreement between John Doe as the tenant and ABC Rentals as the landlord for an apartment located at 123 Main St. The lease is for a period of 12 months beginning January 1st, 2023, and the tenant agrees to pay $1,000 per month in rent. The document details the responsibilities of both parties regarding repairs, guests, noise, parking, and termination of the lease.
Daily ADR Reporting Form April 2023.docxanjalatchi
This document contains two daily adverse drug reaction reporting forms from ERA Lucknow Medical College and Hospital. The first form lists 31 hospital wards and requests information on any adverse drug reactions in each ward including status, signs/symptoms, corrective action, and preventive action. The second form requests the same information for 13 critical care areas. Both forms require the nursing supervisor's report and signature and notes corrective and preventive actions will be taken by the Pharmacy/Therapeutic Committee.
TRAINNING TOPIC FOR ANNUAL SCHEDULE.docxanjalatchi
The document announces an annual training schedule for nursing staff at ERAS LUCKNOW MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL. It will take place every Tuesday from March 18th to June 20th in the hospital's LT venue from 9-10 AM. The training topics cover policies, procedures, and protocols for emergency patient care, infection control, medication safety, blood transfusions, restraints, pain management, medical errors, disaster response, and quality indicators for the emergency department. An attendance sheet is attached for nursing officers, in-charges, supervisors to sign. The training aims to educate healthcare professionals on providing safe, high quality care according to standards and regulations.
This document appears to be an incomplete table or list with column headers for serial number, date, topic, attendees, and remarks, but no data is provided in the columns. The document does not contain enough substantive information to generate a multi-sentence summary.
International Nurses Day will be celebrated on May 3rd, 2023 with the theme "Our Nurses, Our Future". A slogan competition is being organized for nursing staff with rules that entries must be made by individuals on 4 size paper/cardboard, relate to the nurses day theme, and be handmade in Hindi or English using color. The competition is being organized by Dr. Anjalatchi Muthukumaran, Nursing Superintendent at ELMCH.
This document contains a form for screening employees for tuberculosis (TB) at Era Lucknow Medical College and Hospital. The form collects information about an employee's name, address, age, sex, occupation and screens for symptoms of TB like cough, fever, weight loss, appetite changes, chest pain, night sweats, coughing up blood and history of previous TB treatment. It also screens for additional risk factors like diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiac disease, cancer, immunosuppressive therapy and collects information on sputum tests, x-rays or other tests done and notes any additional remarks.
The nursing department at ELMCH in Lucknow, India organized events to celebrate World Glaucoma Day 2023. Nursing students and faculty raised awareness about glaucoma through presentations, posters, and role plays for patients in wards and clinics. The goal was to educate about glaucoma's incidence, causes, symptoms, diagnosis, treatment and prevention. World Glaucoma Week from March 12-18 aims to spread understanding of early glaucoma detection, as early detection improves treatment outcomes and prevents blindness from this irreversible disease.
REPORT ON WORLD AIDS DAY 2022 CELEBRATION AT ELMCH.docxanjalatchi
The nursing department at ERA LUCKNOW MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL organized activities to mark World AIDS Day 2022 with the theme of "Equalize". Nursing students educated others about HIV/AIDS through charts, posters, and speeches covering causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention of AIDS. They also performed role plays in hospital wards and outpatient departments to raise awareness.
REPORT OF WORLD TUBERCLOSIS DAY 2023.docxanjalatchi
The nursing department at ELMCH in Lucknow, India organized activities to celebrate World Tuberculosis Day 2023 with the theme "Yes! We can end TB!". Nursing students and faculty raised awareness about TB through charts, posters, presentations and role plays for patients in wards and the outpatient department. The goal of World TB Day 2023 is to promote leadership and investments to accelerate recommendations, innovations, and multi-sectoral cooperation to end the TB epidemic. Tuberculosis is a treatable lung disease that spreads through the air and the day aims to increase awareness.
NURSING OFFICER EXAM ON MCQ MODEL PAPER.docxanjalatchi
This document contains details for a nursing officer exam, including the candidate's name, age, qualifications, and exam date and timing. The exam consists of multiple choice questions testing knowledge of medical acronyms and abbreviations as well as identification of medical instruments.
International nurses week celebration 13.5 PPT.pptxanjalatchi
The document summarizes the events held from May 6-12 to celebrate International Nurses Week at ELMCH Era University. Various competitions were held including slogan, poster, essay writing, rangoli, painting, nursing care plan presentations. Winners were recognized in each category, with first place going to Reeta TBC for painting/slogan, Pushpa kanchan's team from NICU for the essay competition, and Shilpi Yadav from TBC for the rangoli competition. The celebration concluded on May 12th with ward competitions recognizing top performing wards.
Decentralized Justice in Gaming and EsportsFederico Ast
Discover how Kleros is transforming the landscape of dispute resolution in the gaming and eSports industry through the power of decentralized justice.
This presentation, delivered by Federico Ast, CEO of Kleros, explores the innovative application of blockchain technology, crowdsourcing, and incentivized mechanisms to create fair and efficient arbitration processes.
Key Highlights:
- Introduction to Decentralized Justice: Learn about the foundational principles of Kleros and how it combines blockchain with crowdsourcing to develop a novel justice system.
- Challenges in Traditional Arbitration: Understand the limitations of conventional arbitration methods, such as high costs and long resolution times, particularly for small claims in the gaming sector.
- How Kleros Works: A step-by-step guide on the functioning of Kleros, from the initiation of a smart contract to the final decision by a jury of peers.
- Case Studies in eSports: Explore real-world scenarios where Kleros has been applied to resolve disputes in eSports, including issues like cheating, governance, player behavior, and contractual disagreements.
- Practical Implementation: Detailed walkthroughs of how disputes are handled in eSports tournaments, emphasizing speed, cost-efficiency, and fairness.
- Enhanced Transparency: The role of blockchain in providing an immutable and transparent record of proceedings, ensuring trust in the resolution process.
- Future Prospects: The potential expansion of decentralized justice mechanisms across various sectors within the gaming industry.
For more information, visit kleros.io or follow Federico Ast and Kleros on social media:
• Twitter: @federicoast
• Twitter: @kleros_io
Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders...APNIC
Md. Zobair Khan,
Network Analyst and Technical Trainer at APNIC, presented 'Securing BGP: Operational Strategies and Best Practices for Network Defenders' at the Phoenix Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 23 to 24 May 2024.
Honeypots Unveiled: Proactive Defense Tactics for Cyber Security, Phoenix Sum...APNIC
Adli Wahid, Senior Internet Security Specialist at APNIC, delivered a presentation titled 'Honeypots Unveiled: Proactive Defense Tactics for Cyber Security' at the Phoenix Summit held in Dhaka, Bangladesh from 23 to 24 May 2024.
2. LEARNING OBJECTIVES
• Introduce the topic
• Definition
• Need /overview
• History
• Concept and terminology
• Network analysis
• Creating PERT chart
• Components of PERT
3. Continued
• Steps of PERT
• Uses of PERT
• Advantages of PERT
• Disadvantages of PERT
• Limitation of PERT
• Summary
• Conclusion
• References
4. Introduction PERT
• In project management, the Project Evaluation
Review Technique, or PERT, is used to identify the
time it takes to finish a particular task or activity.
It is a system that helps in proper scheduling and
coordination of all tasks throughout a project. It
also helps in keeping track of the progress, or lack
thereof, of the overall project. In the 1950s, the
Project Evaluation Review Technique was
developed by the US Navy to manage the Polaris
submarine missile program of their Special
Projects Office.
5. Continued
• Knowing the time it should take to execute a
project is crucial, as it helps project managers
decide on other factors such as the budget
and task delegation. No matter how big or
small a project is, estimates can be too
optimistic or pessimistic, but using a PERT
chart will help determine realistic estimates.
7. Meaning of PERT
• PERT is a project management planning tool
used to calculate the amount of time it will
take to realistically finish a
project. PERT stands for Program Evaluation
Review Technique.
21. Creating a PERT Chart
• A flowchart is used to depict the Project
Evaluation Review Technique. Nodes
represent the events, indicating the start or
end of activities or tasks. The directorial lines
indicate the tasks that need to be completed,
and the arrows show the sequence of the
activities.
22. four definitions of time used to
estimate
• There are four definitions of time used to estimate
project time requirements:
• Optimistic time – The least amount of time it can take
to complete a task
• Pessimistic time – The maximum amount of time it
should take to complete a task
• Most likely time – Assuming there are no problems, the
best, or most reasonable, estimate of how long it
should take to complete a task.
• Expected time – Assuming there are problems, the best
estimate of how much time will be required to
23. Estimate Activity Time
• Optimistic time :generally the shortest time in
which the activity can be completed.
• Most likely Time: the completion time having
the highest probability.
• Pessimistic time: the longest time that having
activity might require.
24. Steps of PERT analysis
• 1. identify the specific activities and milestones
• 2. determines the proper sequences of the
activities
• 3. construct a network diagram
• 4. estimate the time required for each activity
• 5.determine the critical path
• 6.updates the PERT charts as the project
progresses.
26. Four quantities for each activity
• ES-earliest start time
• EF-Earliest Finish time
• LS-latest Start Time
• LF-Latest Finish Time
27. Here are several terms used in a PERT
chart:
• Float/Slack – Refers to the amount of time a task can be delayed
without resulting in an overall delay in completion of other tasks or
the project
• Critical Path – Indicates the longest possible continuous path from
the start to the end of a task or event
• Critical Path Activity – Refers to an activity without any slack
• Lead Time – Refers to the amount of time needed to finish a task
without affecting subsequent tasks
• Lag Time – The earliest time by which a successor event/task can
follow a prior event/task
• Fast Tracking – Refers to handling tasks or activities in parallel
• Crashing Critical Path – Shortening the amount of time to do a
critical task
28. To implement a PERT chart:
• Identify the different tasks needed to
complete a project. Make sure to add these in
the right order and indicate the duration of
each task.
• Create a network diagram. Use arrows to
represent the activities and use nodes as
milestones.
• Determine the critical path and possible slack.
32. Advantages of PERT
• Here are several benefits of using PERT in
project management:
• It helps maximize the use of resources.
• It makes project planning more manageable.
• It’s useful even if there is little or no previous
schedule data.
• It enables project managers to better estimate
or determine a more definite completion date.
34. Disadvantages of PERT
• Like any other method, PERT comes with its share
of limitations:
• In complex projects, many find PERT hard to
interpret, so they may also use a Gantt Chart,
another popular method for project
management.
• It can be tedious to update, modify, and maintain
the PERT diagram.
• It entails a subjective time analysis of activities
and, for those who are less experienced or are
biased, this may affect the project’s schedule.
35. Limitation of PERT
• 1. the activity time estimate are some what
subjective and depend on judgments.
• 2. even if the activity times are well estimated
, PERT assume a beta distribution for these
times estimates, but actual distribution may
be different.
• 3.PERT consistently under estimates the
expected project completion time.
37. SUMMARY
• Still now we discussed about PERT and its
importance in operation management of
health care services. It includes the
introduction, definition, network analysis,
estimates time, steps , implementation of
PERT, advantages, disadvantages and
limitation of PERT.
38. Conclusion
• I hope you all understand about PERT analysis
and its significance in health care
management . If you got chance do the PERT
analysis will you able to apply this knowledge
confidently .
39. References
• Baker, Sunny, G. Michael Campbell, and Kim
Baker. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Project
Management. Alpha Books, 2003.
• Kerzner, Harold. Project Management: A
Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling,
and Controlling. John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
• Punmia, B.C. and K. Khandelwal. Project
Planning and Control P.E.R.T. and C.P.M.: For
Degree Classes. Laxmi Publications, 2006.
40. Question related to the topic?
• Define the PERT?
• Discuss the need of PERT analysis?
• Narrate the concept of PERT analysis?
• Describe the Major features of PERT analysis?
• Explain the network analysis of PERT progress?
• Understand the benefits of PERT?
• State the disadvantages of PERT ?
• Demonstrate the one example of PERT analysis?