Agro climatic zones of India Agro climatic zones of Tamil Nadu Agro-climatic regions by the Planning Commission

1. Dr. K. VANANGAMUDI, Ph. D., Post. Doc (USA)
Formerly Dean (Agriculture), Agri. College & Research Institute,
Coimbatore,
Dean, Adhiparashakthi Agricultural College, Kalavai
Professor & Head, Seed Science& Technology,
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu.
e-mail: vanangamudi.tnau@gmail.com
Website: https://trinityculturalacademy.com/
YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCWGv08j5jaZ-nkvz46HrBVw

2. Agro-climatic zone
• Land unit in terms of major climates, suitable for
certain range of crops and cultivars.
• Agro-climatic conditions mainly refer to
 Soil types
 Rainfall
 Temperature
 Water availability which influence type of
vegetations.

3. • Agro-climatic regions by the Planning Commission
 15 broad agro-climatic zones.
• Agro-climatic zones under National Agricultural Research
Project (NARP)
 NARP launched by ICAR was divided country into
127 agro-climatic zones.
• Agro-ecological regions by the National Bureau of Soil
Survey & Land Use Planning (NBSS & LUP)
 Came up with 20 agro-ecological zones which sub-
divided into 60 sub-zones.

4. Agro-climatic regions by the Planning
Commission

5. Western Himalayan region
States under this zone Major problems
 Himachal Pradesh,
 Jammu and Kashmir
 Uttaranchal
Covered by
Mountain peaks
 Steep slopes
 Himalayan rivers
 Evergreen forest
Deciduous forests
Major crops: Wheat
 Rice
 Maize
 Minor millets
(Uttaranchal).
• Prone to landslide
•Soil erosion and
earthquake
• Poor accessibility
• Inadequate
marketing and
storage facilities
• Poor weather

6. Eastern Himalayan region
Assam, Sikkim, West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh,
Manipur, Meghalaya, Tripura, Nagaland and
Mizoram.

7. 2.
Eastern
Himalayan
region
World’s most annual rainfall region –
Mawsynram, Meghalaya
World’s largest river island – Majuli,
Brahmaputra River, Assam
1. High rainfall and dense forest cover
2.1/3rd of cultivated area under shifting
cultivation
Problems: Heavy runoff soil erosion and
flood. Major crops: Rice, Maize, Wheat

8. Upper, middle and lower Gangetic plains
Central and
western parts of
Uttar Pradesh
 UP, Bihar (except
Chotanagpur plateau)
 Fertile alluvial plain drained
by Ganga River
 State: West Bengal
 Alluvial soil and more prone to floods

9. Trans Gangetic plain
States covered
•Punjab
• Haryana,
• Delhi
• Ganganagar district of Rajasthan
•Highest sown area
• High irrigation
• High cropping intensity
• High ground water exploitation
• Major crops: Paddy, wheat

10. Eastern Plateau and hills region
Area covered
• Chotanagpur Plateau
• Extending over Jharkhand
• Odisha
• Chhattisgarh
• Dandakaranya
Soils - Red and yellow with patches of laterites and alluviums
 Region is deficient in water resources due to plateau structure
and non-perennial streams

11. Central Plateau and hills region
Maharashtra
 Madhya Pradesh
 Rajasthan
Spreads over
•Bundelkhand
•Bhander plateau
•Malwa plateau
•Vindhyachal hills
Major crops: Rice
Wheat, Maize, Sorghum.

12. Western Plateau and hills region
• Southern part of
Malwa plateau and
Deccan plateau
(Maharashtra)
• Mostly forest areas
and Horticultural
crops.

13.  Southern Maharashtra, Karnataka, western
Andhra Pradesh and northern Tamil Nadu
Southern Plateau and hills region
Major crops:
Paddy
Pearl millet
Groundnut
Finger millet
Cotton
Sugarcane

14. East coast plains and hills
• Tamil Nadu
• Odisha
• AP and Puducherry
• Paddy, sugarcane, Groundnut,
• Mustard, Maize and sorghum
West coast plains and hills
• Tamil Nadu
• Kerala
• Goa, Karnataka and Maharashtra
• Paddy, Tapioca, sugarcane

15. • Gujarat Arid zone with low rainfall
• Pearl millet, groundnut, sesame and Mustard
Gujarat Plains and Hills

16. Western Dry Region
• Extending over Rajasthan, West of the Aravallis
• Hot sandy dessert
• Low rainfall
• High evaporation
• Sandy vegetation
• Famine and drought are very common.

17. Area
Andaman-Nicobar
 Lakshadweep
 High forest zone with
undulated land
 Sandy along coast to
clayey loam in valleys
and lower slopes.
Island region

18. Agro-Climatic Zones of Tamil Nadu - 7
1. North Eastern zone
• Chennai, Thiruvallur, Vellore,
Kanchipuram, Thiruvannamalai
• Villupuram, Cuddalore excluding
Chindambaram & Kattumannar kovil
• Some parts of Perambalur including
Ariyalur taluks
• Both south west monsoon and north east
monsoon contribute rainfall – 1054 mm in
53 rainy days
• Paddy, pulses, cotton, gingelly, sugarcane
and groundnut.

19. 1. Dharmapuri,
2. Krishnagiri
3. Salem
4. Part of Namakkal
and Perambalur
Rainfall: 825mm
in 47 rainy days
Paddy, Sorghum
Maize, Gingelly
Sugarcane
2. North Western
zone

20. 3.
Western
zone
Erode
Coimbatore
Dindugal
Theni
Thiruchengode
Karur taluk
and western
parts of
Madurai.
Sorghum,
Maize, Ragi,
Paddy,
Sunflower and
Cotton
Rainfall: 708
mm in 45 rainy
days

21. 4.
Kaveri
Delta
zone
Thanjavur
Thiruvarur
Nagapattinam
Trichy
Karur
Arathangi
Chidambaram
Kattumannar
kovil
(Cuddalore)
Crop
Paddy
Pulses
Cotton
Gingell
y
Rainfall:1078 mm

22. Southern
zone
(Biggest
zone)
Sivagangai
Ramanathapuram
Virudunagar
Tuticorin and Tirunelveli
Natham and Dindigul taluks
Melur, Tirumangalam
Madurai South and Madurai
North and
Pudukkottai district
Surrounded by
coastal areas on East
and mountains in
West.
Rainshadow area and
drought very often.
Crops – Paddy and
minor millets.
Rainfall: 776 mm in
43 rainy days

23. High rainfall
zone
Kanyakumari Paddy
Rainfall – 1420 mm
High altitude
and hilly
zones
Nilgiris
Shevroys
Kollimalai
Patchaimalai
Anamalai
Palani and Podhigaimalai
Elagiri-Javvadhu hills
Rainfall – 2124 mm
Plantation crops
Jack
Hill banana

24. Q & A
Shifting cultivation is practiced in the zone of
a. Western Himalayan region
b. Eastern Himalayan region
c. Middle gangetic plains
d. Central plateau and hills region
NBSS and LUP stands for
a. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Planning
b. National Bureau of Soil Science and Land Use Planning
c. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Project
d. National Bureau of Soil Survey and Land Use Programme
NBSS and LUP of ICAR has divided India into _____ agroclimatic
zones using FAO
a. 15 b. 20
c. 21 d. 7
High rainfall zone covers about
a. Erode b. Coimbatore
c. Kanyakumari d. Ramnad

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challenges.
challenge your limits”