The excretory system removes waste from the body through organs like the lungs, skin, kidneys, and liver. The kidneys act as filters for the blood, removing waste products like urea, salts, and water to produce urine. The liver converts toxic ammonia into less harmful urea, which is then filtered out by the kidneys. Urine is stored in the bladder and exits the body through the urethra. The excretory system is vital for removing different types of waste and keeping the body's chemical levels balanced.