ETHICS IN
MANAGEMENT
PREPARED & PRESENTED BY: MS. HIMANI
R.
LAYOUT
• INTRODUCTION
• ETHICS IN HRM
• MARKETING ETHICS
• ETHICAL ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT
• TECHNOLOGY ETHICS AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS.
2Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
INTRODUCTION
• ETHICS IN ORGANIZATION IS THE ETHICAL
TREATMENT OF EMPLOYEES,
STOCKHOLDERS, OWNERS, PUBLIC, ETC.
• ETHICS AND ETHICAL BEHAVIOR ARE THE
ESSENTIAL PART OF THE HEALTHY
ENVIRONMENT.
• ETHICAL BEHAVIOR IMPROVES THE
WORK ATMOSPHERE AND HELPS TO
MOTIVATE EMPLOYEES, EVOKES A SENSE
OF PRIDE FOR THE COMPANY AND
IMPROVES PUBLIC IMAGE.
3
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
LEVELS OF ORGANIZATIONAL
ETHICS
• Company
concentrat
es on its
long term
goals for
the benefit
of society.
Social
Responsibilit
y
• Company
shows
carelessne
ss for the
consequen
ces of it’s
actions.
Social
Disregard • Company
adjusts its
policies
according
to the
social
conditions,
demands
&
pressures.
Social
Responsiven
ess
• Company
does not
extend its
activity any
further
than
meeting its
legal
responsibil
ities.
Social
Obligation
4Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
ETHICS IN HRM
• HRM IS THE PROCESS OF PLANNING, ORGANIZING,
DIRECTING AND CONTROLLING HUMAN ACTIVITIES
TO ACHIEVE THE ORGANIZATIONAL GOAL AND
INDIVIDUAL GOALS.
• ETHICS ARE THOSE VALUES, WHICH HAS BEEN
IMBIBED WITHIN AN INDIVIDUAL ON REINFORCED
EXTERNALLY THAT HELP HIM TO DISTINGUISH
BETWEEN RIGHT AND WRONG AND TO ACT
ACCORDINGLY.
• THERE CAN BE SEVERAL SOURCES OF ETHICS LIKE
RELIGION, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, LEGAL
OBLIGATIONS ETC.
5Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
AREAS OF HRM ETHICS
• BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS, CIVIL AND
EMPLOYMENT FIGHT. (E.G. JOB
SECURITY, FEEDBACK FROM
TESTS);
• SAFETY IN THE WORKPLACE;
• PRIVACY;
• JUSTIFIABLE TREATMENT TO
EMPLOYEES. (E.G. EQUITY AND
EQUAL OPPORTUNITY);
• RESPECT, FAIRNESS AND
HONESTY BASED PROCESS IN
THE WORKPLACE.
6Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
ROLE OF HR IN PROMOTING
ETHICS
• IMPROVE RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION TESTS
• CONDUCT ETHICS TRAINING
• ENSURE THAT THERE ARE NO PITFALLS IN PERFORMANCE
APPRAISAL
• REWARDS AND DISCIPLINARY SYSTEM
• IMPROVE AND FACILITATE TWO WAY COMMUNICATION
• AVOID ANY KIND OF DISCRIMINATION AMONG THE
EMPLOYEES BASED ON CERTAIN FACTORS LIKE CASTE,
COLOUR, CULTURE, RELIGION, APPEARANCES ETC.
• EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES MUST BE GIVEN TO EVERY
EMPLOYEE FOR HIS ADVANCEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT.
• MEASURES SHOULD BE TAKEN FOR EMPLOYEE SAFETY
WHILE WORKING IN THE ORGANIZATION.
7
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
UNETHICAL PRACTICES OF HRM
1. EMPLOYERS
• CREATING SPLIT IN UNION LEADERS;
• BIASED ATTITUDE IN SELECTION, TRANSFER, PROMOTION ETC.;
• OFF-SHORING AND EXPLOITING ‘CHEAP’ LABOUR MARKETS;
• CHILD LABOUR;
• RENEGING(BREAKING PROMISES) ON COMPANY PENSION
AGREEMENTS;
• PHYSICAL VIOLENCE;
• COERCION (FORCING);
• LONGER AND INFLEXIBLE WORKING HOURS;
• PUTTING ON MORE STRESS ON EMPLOYEES FOR INCREASING
THE PRODUCTIVITY;
• THE USE OF DISPUTED AND DUBIOUS PRACTICES IN HIRING AND
FIRING OF PERSONNEL. 8
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
CONTINUED
2. EMPLOYEES
• FALSE CLAIM OF PERSONAL DETAILS LIKE AGE,
QUALIFICATIONS ETC.
• PRODUCING FALSE CERTIFICATES.
• TAKING DECISIONS AS PER THEIR CONVENIENCE.
3. GOVERNMENT
• ANNOUNCING THE VACANCIES AND NOT TAKING ANY ACTION
FURTHER.
• FUNCTIONING OF GOVERNMENT OFFICES IS NOT
TRANSPARENT AND RELIABLE.
• SELECTION COMMITTEES WILL BE EXCESSIVELY CAUTIOUS
OF RESERVATION QUOTAS AND POSSIBLE COURT CASES
RATHER THAN GAINING THROUGH THE RESPONSIBILITIES.
9
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
MARKETING ETHICS
• ETHICS: IS THE ART & SCIENCE OF DETERMINING GOOD AND
BAD OR RIGHT OR WRONG MORAL BEHAVIOR.
• MARKETING: IS THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATING THE VALUE
OF A PRODUCT OR SERVICES TO CUSTOMERS FOR THE
PURPOSE OF SELLING IT.
• MARKETING ETHICS: IS THE AREA OF APPLIED ETHICS WHICH
DEALS WITH THE MORAL PRINCIPLES BEHIND THE OPERATIONS
AND REGULATIONS OF MARKETING.
10
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
ETHICS & MARKETING MIX
11Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
ETHICS & MARKETING MIX
Product
• Consumer
safety
• Product
reliability
• Product
design
Price
• Bid rigging
• Predatory
pricing
• Price fixing
Place
• Coercion to
buy more
• False
shortages
• Fake delivery
promises
Promotion
• Unhealthy
products
• Deceptive ads
12
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
WHY ETHICS IN FINANCE IS
NECESSARY?
• ETHICS PURIFIES THE
INDUSTRY.
• ETHICS SET THE STANDARDS
OF EXCELLENCE FOR
PROFESSIONALS IN
FINANCIAL SERVICES.
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
13
•ETHICS IN THE FINANCIAL
SERVICES INDUSTRY AFFECT
ALL, EVEN THE CONSUMERS.
•IF YOU ARE NOT A FINANCIAL
SERVICES PROFESSIONAL,
YOU’RE A CONSUMER OF
FINANCIAL SERVICES.
ETHICAL ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL
MANAGEMENT
• WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT, YOU REALIZE THAT
YOU PUT YOUR HARD-EARNED SAVINGS IN THE
CARE OF FINANCIAL FIRMS – ASSET MANAGERS,
BANKS, INSURANCE, AND ALL KINDS OF FUNDS –
AND YOU TRUST THEM TO LOOK AFTER THE
MONEY.
• YOU WANT THE BEST RETURN, BUT THERE IS A
BALANCE BETWEEN RISK AND REWARD.
• YOU NEED TO FEEL CONFIDENT THAT YOU CAN
TRUST THE FINANCE PROFESSIONALS TO ACT
WITH INTEGRITY, IN YOUR INTERESTS.Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 14
ETHICAL VIOLATIONS IN FINANCE
1. INSIDER TRADING
• INSIDER TRADING IS THE TRADING OF A CORPORATIONS
STOCK OR OTHER SECURITIES (E.G. BONDS OR STOCK
OPTIONS) BY INDIVIDUALS WITH POTENTIAL ACCESS TO
NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY
• SUCH A TRADE IS MOTIVATED BY THE POSSIBILITY OF
GENERATING EXTRAORDINARY GAIN WITH THE HELP OF
NONPUBLIC INFORMATION (INFORMATION NOT YET
MADE PUBLIC).
• IT GIVES THE TRADER AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE OVER
OTHER TRADERS IN THE SAME SECURITY.
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
15
CONTINUED
• 2-STAKEHOLDER INTEREST V/S STOCKHOLDER INTEREST
• SHAREHOLDERS HOLD SHARES IN THE COMPANY – THAT IS
THEY OWN PART OF IT.
• STAKEHOLDERS HAVE AN INTEREST IN THE COMPANY BUT DO
NOT OWN IT (UNLESS THEY ARE SHAREHOLDERS).
• OFTEN THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STAKEHOLDERS ARE
NOT THE SAME AS SHAREHOLDERS AND THEY COME INTO
CONFLICT.
• THE CONFLICT OFTEN ARISES BECAUSE WHILE
SHAREHOLDERS WANT SHORT-TERM PROFITS.
• THE OWNERS OFTEN HAVE TO BALANCE THEIR OWN WISHES
AGAINST THOSE OF THE OTHER STAKEHOLDERS OR RISK
LOSING THEIR ABILITY TO GENERATE FUTURE PROFITS (E.G.
THE WORKERS MAY GO ON STRIKE OR THE CUSTOMERS
REFUSE TO BUY THE COMPANY’S PRODUCTS).Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 16
EXAMPLES OF UNETHICAL
TEMPTATIONS
• MAKE EXAGGERATED CLAIMS TO COUNTER
EXAGGERATED CLAIMS OF A COMPETITOR
• OFFER A CUSTOMER AN UNAUTHORIZED ‘GIFT’ IN
RETURN FOR THEIR BUSINESS
• CONCEAL INFORMATION FROM A CUSTOMER IN
ORDER TO GET THEIR BUSINESS AND TO MEET YOUR
SALES’ GOALS
• PUT NON BUSINESS-RELATED EXPENSES ON YOUR
EXPENSE ACCOUNT
• DIVULGING CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT
ONE CUSTOMER TO ANOTHER IN ORDER TO
FACILITATE A SALE
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
17
COMMON REASONS (EXCUSES)
FOR UNETHICAL BEHAVIOR
• 1. ‘EVERYBODY’ ELSE IS DOING IT.
• 2. IT’S NOT THAT BIG OF A DEAL.
• 3. IT’S NECESSARY (THE ENDS JUSTIFY THE MEANS).
• 4. IT’S NOT GOING TO HURT ANYONE.
• 5. IT’S FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY/
SOMEBODY ELSE.
• 6. I DESERVE IT.
• 7. IT’S LEGAL.
• 8. NOBODY WILL KNOW.
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
18
HOW TO CURB UNETHICAL
PRACTICES
• 1. IMPROVING STANDARDS
• 2. COMPREHENSIVE LAWS
• 3. PLEDGING OF SHARES
• 4. WEAK LINKS
• 5. AUDITORS’ ROLE
• 6. INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 19
Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 20

Unit 3-BE

  • 1.
    ETHICS IN MANAGEMENT PREPARED &PRESENTED BY: MS. HIMANI R.
  • 2.
    LAYOUT • INTRODUCTION • ETHICSIN HRM • MARKETING ETHICS • ETHICAL ASPECTS OF FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT • TECHNOLOGY ETHICS AND PROFESSIONAL ETHICS. 2Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 3.
    INTRODUCTION • ETHICS INORGANIZATION IS THE ETHICAL TREATMENT OF EMPLOYEES, STOCKHOLDERS, OWNERS, PUBLIC, ETC. • ETHICS AND ETHICAL BEHAVIOR ARE THE ESSENTIAL PART OF THE HEALTHY ENVIRONMENT. • ETHICAL BEHAVIOR IMPROVES THE WORK ATMOSPHERE AND HELPS TO MOTIVATE EMPLOYEES, EVOKES A SENSE OF PRIDE FOR THE COMPANY AND IMPROVES PUBLIC IMAGE. 3 Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 4.
    LEVELS OF ORGANIZATIONAL ETHICS •Company concentrat es on its long term goals for the benefit of society. Social Responsibilit y • Company shows carelessne ss for the consequen ces of it’s actions. Social Disregard • Company adjusts its policies according to the social conditions, demands & pressures. Social Responsiven ess • Company does not extend its activity any further than meeting its legal responsibil ities. Social Obligation 4Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 5.
    ETHICS IN HRM •HRM IS THE PROCESS OF PLANNING, ORGANIZING, DIRECTING AND CONTROLLING HUMAN ACTIVITIES TO ACHIEVE THE ORGANIZATIONAL GOAL AND INDIVIDUAL GOALS. • ETHICS ARE THOSE VALUES, WHICH HAS BEEN IMBIBED WITHIN AN INDIVIDUAL ON REINFORCED EXTERNALLY THAT HELP HIM TO DISTINGUISH BETWEEN RIGHT AND WRONG AND TO ACT ACCORDINGLY. • THERE CAN BE SEVERAL SOURCES OF ETHICS LIKE RELIGION, ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE, LEGAL OBLIGATIONS ETC. 5Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 6.
    AREAS OF HRMETHICS • BASIC HUMAN RIGHTS, CIVIL AND EMPLOYMENT FIGHT. (E.G. JOB SECURITY, FEEDBACK FROM TESTS); • SAFETY IN THE WORKPLACE; • PRIVACY; • JUSTIFIABLE TREATMENT TO EMPLOYEES. (E.G. EQUITY AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITY); • RESPECT, FAIRNESS AND HONESTY BASED PROCESS IN THE WORKPLACE. 6Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 7.
    ROLE OF HRIN PROMOTING ETHICS • IMPROVE RECRUITMENT AND SELECTION TESTS • CONDUCT ETHICS TRAINING • ENSURE THAT THERE ARE NO PITFALLS IN PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL • REWARDS AND DISCIPLINARY SYSTEM • IMPROVE AND FACILITATE TWO WAY COMMUNICATION • AVOID ANY KIND OF DISCRIMINATION AMONG THE EMPLOYEES BASED ON CERTAIN FACTORS LIKE CASTE, COLOUR, CULTURE, RELIGION, APPEARANCES ETC. • EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES MUST BE GIVEN TO EVERY EMPLOYEE FOR HIS ADVANCEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT. • MEASURES SHOULD BE TAKEN FOR EMPLOYEE SAFETY WHILE WORKING IN THE ORGANIZATION. 7 Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 8.
    UNETHICAL PRACTICES OFHRM 1. EMPLOYERS • CREATING SPLIT IN UNION LEADERS; • BIASED ATTITUDE IN SELECTION, TRANSFER, PROMOTION ETC.; • OFF-SHORING AND EXPLOITING ‘CHEAP’ LABOUR MARKETS; • CHILD LABOUR; • RENEGING(BREAKING PROMISES) ON COMPANY PENSION AGREEMENTS; • PHYSICAL VIOLENCE; • COERCION (FORCING); • LONGER AND INFLEXIBLE WORKING HOURS; • PUTTING ON MORE STRESS ON EMPLOYEES FOR INCREASING THE PRODUCTIVITY; • THE USE OF DISPUTED AND DUBIOUS PRACTICES IN HIRING AND FIRING OF PERSONNEL. 8 Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 9.
    CONTINUED 2. EMPLOYEES • FALSECLAIM OF PERSONAL DETAILS LIKE AGE, QUALIFICATIONS ETC. • PRODUCING FALSE CERTIFICATES. • TAKING DECISIONS AS PER THEIR CONVENIENCE. 3. GOVERNMENT • ANNOUNCING THE VACANCIES AND NOT TAKING ANY ACTION FURTHER. • FUNCTIONING OF GOVERNMENT OFFICES IS NOT TRANSPARENT AND RELIABLE. • SELECTION COMMITTEES WILL BE EXCESSIVELY CAUTIOUS OF RESERVATION QUOTAS AND POSSIBLE COURT CASES RATHER THAN GAINING THROUGH THE RESPONSIBILITIES. 9 Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 10.
    MARKETING ETHICS • ETHICS:IS THE ART & SCIENCE OF DETERMINING GOOD AND BAD OR RIGHT OR WRONG MORAL BEHAVIOR. • MARKETING: IS THE PROCESS OF COMMUNICATING THE VALUE OF A PRODUCT OR SERVICES TO CUSTOMERS FOR THE PURPOSE OF SELLING IT. • MARKETING ETHICS: IS THE AREA OF APPLIED ETHICS WHICH DEALS WITH THE MORAL PRINCIPLES BEHIND THE OPERATIONS AND REGULATIONS OF MARKETING. 10 Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 11.
    ETHICS & MARKETINGMIX 11Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 12.
    ETHICS & MARKETINGMIX Product • Consumer safety • Product reliability • Product design Price • Bid rigging • Predatory pricing • Price fixing Place • Coercion to buy more • False shortages • Fake delivery promises Promotion • Unhealthy products • Deceptive ads 12 Prepared by: Ms. Himani R.
  • 13.
    WHY ETHICS INFINANCE IS NECESSARY? • ETHICS PURIFIES THE INDUSTRY. • ETHICS SET THE STANDARDS OF EXCELLENCE FOR PROFESSIONALS IN FINANCIAL SERVICES. Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 13 •ETHICS IN THE FINANCIAL SERVICES INDUSTRY AFFECT ALL, EVEN THE CONSUMERS. •IF YOU ARE NOT A FINANCIAL SERVICES PROFESSIONAL, YOU’RE A CONSUMER OF FINANCIAL SERVICES.
  • 14.
    ETHICAL ASPECTS OFFINANCIAL MANAGEMENT • WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT, YOU REALIZE THAT YOU PUT YOUR HARD-EARNED SAVINGS IN THE CARE OF FINANCIAL FIRMS – ASSET MANAGERS, BANKS, INSURANCE, AND ALL KINDS OF FUNDS – AND YOU TRUST THEM TO LOOK AFTER THE MONEY. • YOU WANT THE BEST RETURN, BUT THERE IS A BALANCE BETWEEN RISK AND REWARD. • YOU NEED TO FEEL CONFIDENT THAT YOU CAN TRUST THE FINANCE PROFESSIONALS TO ACT WITH INTEGRITY, IN YOUR INTERESTS.Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 14
  • 15.
    ETHICAL VIOLATIONS INFINANCE 1. INSIDER TRADING • INSIDER TRADING IS THE TRADING OF A CORPORATIONS STOCK OR OTHER SECURITIES (E.G. BONDS OR STOCK OPTIONS) BY INDIVIDUALS WITH POTENTIAL ACCESS TO NON-PUBLIC INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMPANY • SUCH A TRADE IS MOTIVATED BY THE POSSIBILITY OF GENERATING EXTRAORDINARY GAIN WITH THE HELP OF NONPUBLIC INFORMATION (INFORMATION NOT YET MADE PUBLIC). • IT GIVES THE TRADER AN UNFAIR ADVANTAGE OVER OTHER TRADERS IN THE SAME SECURITY. Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 15
  • 16.
    CONTINUED • 2-STAKEHOLDER INTERESTV/S STOCKHOLDER INTEREST • SHAREHOLDERS HOLD SHARES IN THE COMPANY – THAT IS THEY OWN PART OF IT. • STAKEHOLDERS HAVE AN INTEREST IN THE COMPANY BUT DO NOT OWN IT (UNLESS THEY ARE SHAREHOLDERS). • OFTEN THE AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STAKEHOLDERS ARE NOT THE SAME AS SHAREHOLDERS AND THEY COME INTO CONFLICT. • THE CONFLICT OFTEN ARISES BECAUSE WHILE SHAREHOLDERS WANT SHORT-TERM PROFITS. • THE OWNERS OFTEN HAVE TO BALANCE THEIR OWN WISHES AGAINST THOSE OF THE OTHER STAKEHOLDERS OR RISK LOSING THEIR ABILITY TO GENERATE FUTURE PROFITS (E.G. THE WORKERS MAY GO ON STRIKE OR THE CUSTOMERS REFUSE TO BUY THE COMPANY’S PRODUCTS).Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 16
  • 17.
    EXAMPLES OF UNETHICAL TEMPTATIONS •MAKE EXAGGERATED CLAIMS TO COUNTER EXAGGERATED CLAIMS OF A COMPETITOR • OFFER A CUSTOMER AN UNAUTHORIZED ‘GIFT’ IN RETURN FOR THEIR BUSINESS • CONCEAL INFORMATION FROM A CUSTOMER IN ORDER TO GET THEIR BUSINESS AND TO MEET YOUR SALES’ GOALS • PUT NON BUSINESS-RELATED EXPENSES ON YOUR EXPENSE ACCOUNT • DIVULGING CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION ABOUT ONE CUSTOMER TO ANOTHER IN ORDER TO FACILITATE A SALE Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 17
  • 18.
    COMMON REASONS (EXCUSES) FORUNETHICAL BEHAVIOR • 1. ‘EVERYBODY’ ELSE IS DOING IT. • 2. IT’S NOT THAT BIG OF A DEAL. • 3. IT’S NECESSARY (THE ENDS JUSTIFY THE MEANS). • 4. IT’S NOT GOING TO HURT ANYONE. • 5. IT’S FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE COMPANY/ SOMEBODY ELSE. • 6. I DESERVE IT. • 7. IT’S LEGAL. • 8. NOBODY WILL KNOW. Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 18
  • 19.
    HOW TO CURBUNETHICAL PRACTICES • 1. IMPROVING STANDARDS • 2. COMPREHENSIVE LAWS • 3. PLEDGING OF SHARES • 4. WEAK LINKS • 5. AUDITORS’ ROLE • 6. INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS Prepared by: Ms. Himani R. 19
  • 20.
    Prepared by: Ms.Himani R. 20

Editor's Notes

  • #13 Bid-rigging: The offence of bid‑rigging is committed only if the person requesting the bids or tenders is not informed beforehand about the agreement made between the parties. Predatory Pricing-the pricing of goods or services at such a low level that other firms cannot compete and are forced to leave the market. Price fixing: a practice whereby rival companies come to an illicit agreement not to sell goods or services below a certain price.