The training simulator plays a critical role in operational effectiveness and competency management. To ensure credible and realistic trainee experiences and outcomes, the
OTS must be relevant, reliable and realistic, aligned with industry training trends while reflecting, as much as practical, the current real world dynamic operating environment.
Honeywell’s UniSim® Operations is part of the comprehensive UniSim Competency Suite, which helps better train today’s industrial workforce. This solution can be used to replicate and assess the operational readiness of plant assets long before they are applied in real-world production scenarios.
This is my final year seminar presentation on HCCI Engine presented by me at SKIT, Jaipur.
This presentation contains a basic introduction of HCCI Engine.
Some of the contents are copied from various websites so some details are subjected to copyright law.
I am using these information only for the educational purpose
A ppt on Alternative Fuels.
I hope this ppt would be useful for u all.
It describes the different types of alternative fuels which can be used in today's era
for saving the excessive consumption of conventional fuels.
Alternative fuels are also known as Non-Conventional fuels or Green Fuels.
This work concerns a systematic study of IC engine operation with 100% biogas as fuel (as opposed to the dual-fuel mode) with particular emphasis on operational issues and the quest for high efficiency strategies.
As a first step, In Biogas CO2 does not help in combustion process but reduce the calorific value of biogas. H2S is in minor quantity but it has corrosive action on combustion chamber and also reduces calorific value of biogas. Also traces of moisture are to be removing for better thermal efficiency. So harmful gradients are removed and use only methane as a fuel.
Subsequently, the model of KINETIC GF is used to predict effect of different parameters such as compression ratio, spark timing and combustion durations on engine performance and efficiency.
The results show very high overall efficiencies with the manifold injection strategy. The main reasons are the higher volumetric efficiency and overall lean operation of the engine across the entire load range. Predictions show excellent agreement with measurements, enabling the model to be used as a tool for further study. Simulations suggest that a higher compression ratio (up to 13) and appropriate spark advance can lead to higher engine power output and efficiency.
Honeywell’s UniSim® Operations is part of the comprehensive UniSim Competency Suite, which helps better train today’s industrial workforce. This solution can be used to replicate and assess the operational readiness of plant assets long before they are applied in real-world production scenarios.
This is my final year seminar presentation on HCCI Engine presented by me at SKIT, Jaipur.
This presentation contains a basic introduction of HCCI Engine.
Some of the contents are copied from various websites so some details are subjected to copyright law.
I am using these information only for the educational purpose
A ppt on Alternative Fuels.
I hope this ppt would be useful for u all.
It describes the different types of alternative fuels which can be used in today's era
for saving the excessive consumption of conventional fuels.
Alternative fuels are also known as Non-Conventional fuels or Green Fuels.
This work concerns a systematic study of IC engine operation with 100% biogas as fuel (as opposed to the dual-fuel mode) with particular emphasis on operational issues and the quest for high efficiency strategies.
As a first step, In Biogas CO2 does not help in combustion process but reduce the calorific value of biogas. H2S is in minor quantity but it has corrosive action on combustion chamber and also reduces calorific value of biogas. Also traces of moisture are to be removing for better thermal efficiency. So harmful gradients are removed and use only methane as a fuel.
Subsequently, the model of KINETIC GF is used to predict effect of different parameters such as compression ratio, spark timing and combustion durations on engine performance and efficiency.
The results show very high overall efficiencies with the manifold injection strategy. The main reasons are the higher volumetric efficiency and overall lean operation of the engine across the entire load range. Predictions show excellent agreement with measurements, enabling the model to be used as a tool for further study. Simulations suggest that a higher compression ratio (up to 13) and appropriate spark advance can lead to higher engine power output and efficiency.
THE LUBRICATION RELIABILITY WINNERWHEEL BOOKLETEnluse B.V.
THE LUBRICATION RELIABILITY WINNERWHEEL BOOKLET
10 ways to improve your Lubrication Reliability™ Program
Key factor of a World Class Maintenance Organization is the Lubricant Management. While Lubrication has for a long time been seen as “another-job-to-do”, today a modern Lubrication Reliability Program is the only answer. Read more about it in this free 67 page "LR-WinnerWheel"booklet.
https://sites.google.com/view/lustor/lubrication-reliability
A carburetor performs this function mechanically; relying on differences in air pressure inside the carburetor to regulate fuel flow. EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection) performs this function electronically using computer-controlled fuel injectors to admit pressurized fuel as required by throttle position.
This presentation include the information about the different types of superchargers, advantages & disadvantages of superchargers and turbochargers. One case study of variable geometry turbocharger is included with literature review.
Amine Gas Treating Unit - Best Practices - Troubleshooting Guide Gerard B. Hawkins
Amine Gas Treating Unit Best Practices - Troubleshooting Guide for H2S/CO2 Amine Systems
Contents
Process Capabilities for gas treating process
Typical Amine Treating
Typical Amine System Improvements
Primary Equipment Overview
Inlet Gas Knockout
Absorber
Three Phase Flash Tank
Lean/Rich Heat Exchanger
Regenerator
Filtration
Amine Reclaimer
Operating Difficulties Overview
Foaming
Failure to Meet Gas Specification
Solvent Losses
Corrosion
Typical Amine System Improvements
Degradation of Amines and Alkanolamines during Sour Gas Treating
APPENDIX
Best Practices - Troubleshooting Guide
Data Center Cooling Design - Datacenter-serverroommarlisaclark
Keep your data center cool and healthy with our smart Data Center Cooling Design which makes sure your data centers never get exhausted and work efficiently. Visit: http://www.datacenter-serverroom.com/rack-row-room-data-center-cooling
Pipeline Design for Isothermal, Laminar Flow of Non-Newtonian FluidsGerard B. Hawkins
Pipeline Design for Isothermal, Laminar Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF PURELY VISCOUS
NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
4.1 Experimental Characterization
4.2 Rheological Models
5 PRESSURE DROP-FLOW RATE RELATIONSHIPS
BASED DIRECTLY ON EXPERIMENTAL DATA
5.1 Use of Shear Stress – Shear Rate Data
5.2 Tubular Viscometer Data
6 PRESSURE DROP – FLOW RATE RELATIONSHIPS BASED ON RHEOLOGICAL MODELS
7 LOSSES IN PIPE FITTINGS
7.1 Entrances Losses
7.2 Expansion Effects
7.3 Contraction Losses
7.4 Valves
7.5 Bends
8 EFFECT OF WALL SLIP
9 VELOCITY PROFILES
9.1 Velocity Profile from Experimental Flow-Curve
9.2 Velocity Profile from Rheological Model
9.3 Residence Time Distribution
10 CHECKS ON THE VALIDITY OF THE
DESIGN PROCEDURES
10.1 Rheological Behavior
10.2 Validity of Experimental Data
10.2 Check on Laminar Flow
11 NOMENCLATURE
12 REFERENCES
FIGURES
1 FLOW CURVES FOR PURELY VISCOUS FLUIDS
2 PLOTS OF D∆P/4L VERSUS 32Q/ɳD3 FOR PURELY VISCOUS FLUIDS
3 LOG-LOG PLOT OF t VERSUS ý
4 FLOW CURVE FOR A BINGHAM PLASTIC
5 LOG-LOG PLOT FOR A GENERALIZED BINGHAM
PLASTIC
6 CORRELATION OF ENTRANCE LOSS
7 CORRELATION OF EXPANSION LOSS
8 EFFECT OF “WALL SLIP” ON VELOCITY PROFILE
9 D∆P/4L VERSUS Q/ɳR3 WITH WALL SLIP
10 EVALUATION OFUs WITH Ʈw
11 VARIATION OF Us WITH Ʈw
12 PLOT OF D∆P/4L VERSUS 8 (ū- Us)/D FOR
CONDITIONS OF WALL SLIP
13 CUMULATIVE RESIDENCE TIME DISTRIBUTION
TO POWER LAW FLUIDS
14 EFFECTS OF TUBE LENGTH AND DIAMETER ON
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN D∆P/4L AND 32Q/ɳD3
Itris Automation Square press kit allows you to know more about the company and its products.
Find us at http://www.itris-automation.com/
Contact us at commercial@itris-automation.com for more information.
Whitepaper: The Next Evolution of Yokogawa CENTUMYokogawa
In 2014 Yokogawa is adding significant new capabilities to CENTUM VP. Now the New CENTUM VP becomes the platform for delivering four new innovations; Hyper-intuitive
Operation, Total Automation Management, Intelligent Plant Conductor, and Sustainable Plant Operation. Each innovation addresses pain points felt by today’s plant owner-operators as they strive for greater operational
integrity. Yokogawa has emphasized its objective to especially leverage two enabling technologies in this development program; field digital technology and dynamic process simulation.
THE LUBRICATION RELIABILITY WINNERWHEEL BOOKLETEnluse B.V.
THE LUBRICATION RELIABILITY WINNERWHEEL BOOKLET
10 ways to improve your Lubrication Reliability™ Program
Key factor of a World Class Maintenance Organization is the Lubricant Management. While Lubrication has for a long time been seen as “another-job-to-do”, today a modern Lubrication Reliability Program is the only answer. Read more about it in this free 67 page "LR-WinnerWheel"booklet.
https://sites.google.com/view/lustor/lubrication-reliability
A carburetor performs this function mechanically; relying on differences in air pressure inside the carburetor to regulate fuel flow. EFI (Electronic Fuel Injection) performs this function electronically using computer-controlled fuel injectors to admit pressurized fuel as required by throttle position.
This presentation include the information about the different types of superchargers, advantages & disadvantages of superchargers and turbochargers. One case study of variable geometry turbocharger is included with literature review.
Amine Gas Treating Unit - Best Practices - Troubleshooting Guide Gerard B. Hawkins
Amine Gas Treating Unit Best Practices - Troubleshooting Guide for H2S/CO2 Amine Systems
Contents
Process Capabilities for gas treating process
Typical Amine Treating
Typical Amine System Improvements
Primary Equipment Overview
Inlet Gas Knockout
Absorber
Three Phase Flash Tank
Lean/Rich Heat Exchanger
Regenerator
Filtration
Amine Reclaimer
Operating Difficulties Overview
Foaming
Failure to Meet Gas Specification
Solvent Losses
Corrosion
Typical Amine System Improvements
Degradation of Amines and Alkanolamines during Sour Gas Treating
APPENDIX
Best Practices - Troubleshooting Guide
Data Center Cooling Design - Datacenter-serverroommarlisaclark
Keep your data center cool and healthy with our smart Data Center Cooling Design which makes sure your data centers never get exhausted and work efficiently. Visit: http://www.datacenter-serverroom.com/rack-row-room-data-center-cooling
Pipeline Design for Isothermal, Laminar Flow of Non-Newtonian FluidsGerard B. Hawkins
Pipeline Design for Isothermal, Laminar Flow of Non-Newtonian Fluids
0 INTRODUCTION/PURPOSE
1 SCOPE
2 FIELD OF APPLICATION
3 DEFINITIONS
4 RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF PURELY VISCOUS
NON-NEWTONIAN FLUIDS
4.1 Experimental Characterization
4.2 Rheological Models
5 PRESSURE DROP-FLOW RATE RELATIONSHIPS
BASED DIRECTLY ON EXPERIMENTAL DATA
5.1 Use of Shear Stress – Shear Rate Data
5.2 Tubular Viscometer Data
6 PRESSURE DROP – FLOW RATE RELATIONSHIPS BASED ON RHEOLOGICAL MODELS
7 LOSSES IN PIPE FITTINGS
7.1 Entrances Losses
7.2 Expansion Effects
7.3 Contraction Losses
7.4 Valves
7.5 Bends
8 EFFECT OF WALL SLIP
9 VELOCITY PROFILES
9.1 Velocity Profile from Experimental Flow-Curve
9.2 Velocity Profile from Rheological Model
9.3 Residence Time Distribution
10 CHECKS ON THE VALIDITY OF THE
DESIGN PROCEDURES
10.1 Rheological Behavior
10.2 Validity of Experimental Data
10.2 Check on Laminar Flow
11 NOMENCLATURE
12 REFERENCES
FIGURES
1 FLOW CURVES FOR PURELY VISCOUS FLUIDS
2 PLOTS OF D∆P/4L VERSUS 32Q/ɳD3 FOR PURELY VISCOUS FLUIDS
3 LOG-LOG PLOT OF t VERSUS ý
4 FLOW CURVE FOR A BINGHAM PLASTIC
5 LOG-LOG PLOT FOR A GENERALIZED BINGHAM
PLASTIC
6 CORRELATION OF ENTRANCE LOSS
7 CORRELATION OF EXPANSION LOSS
8 EFFECT OF “WALL SLIP” ON VELOCITY PROFILE
9 D∆P/4L VERSUS Q/ɳR3 WITH WALL SLIP
10 EVALUATION OFUs WITH Ʈw
11 VARIATION OF Us WITH Ʈw
12 PLOT OF D∆P/4L VERSUS 8 (ū- Us)/D FOR
CONDITIONS OF WALL SLIP
13 CUMULATIVE RESIDENCE TIME DISTRIBUTION
TO POWER LAW FLUIDS
14 EFFECTS OF TUBE LENGTH AND DIAMETER ON
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN D∆P/4L AND 32Q/ɳD3
Itris Automation Square press kit allows you to know more about the company and its products.
Find us at http://www.itris-automation.com/
Contact us at commercial@itris-automation.com for more information.
Whitepaper: The Next Evolution of Yokogawa CENTUMYokogawa
In 2014 Yokogawa is adding significant new capabilities to CENTUM VP. Now the New CENTUM VP becomes the platform for delivering four new innovations; Hyper-intuitive
Operation, Total Automation Management, Intelligent Plant Conductor, and Sustainable Plant Operation. Each innovation addresses pain points felt by today’s plant owner-operators as they strive for greater operational
integrity. Yokogawa has emphasized its objective to especially leverage two enabling technologies in this development program; field digital technology and dynamic process simulation.
A Complete Model of a Business Enterprise in an EtO and PLM environmentFrank Steeneken
This slide deck provides a picture of the underlying skeletal structure that holds a business enterprise in an engineer-to-order (EtO) and product lifecycle management (PLM) environment together while achieving its goals.
The Model portrays a business enterprise as a functional system for doing business, with processes that are clearly focused on a specific goal. Through the processes, the system fulfills its contribution in the environment.
The Model could provide a powerful baseline for improving business performance.
The method used to develop this model is an adaptation of an earlier technique called "Integrated Modeling Method*.
What is platform as a product? Clues from Team Topologies - Puppetize 2020 - ...Matthew Skelton
Savvy organisations are discovering the value of treating their internal platforms as products. But what does it mean to treat a “platform as a product”? What benefits does this give, and why would an organisation adopt this approach?
In this talk, [Matthew Skelton] [Manuel Pais], co-author of the book Team Topologies, explains why the platform-as-product approach can be a game-changer for organisations building and running software-enabled products and services. Using ideas & patterns from Team Topologies - including Thinnest Viable Platform, team cognitive load, and the evolutionary team interaction modes - [Matthew] [Manuel] explains how organisations like adidas and Uswitch have successfully used the platform-as-product model to accelerate and simplify the delivery of software at scale.
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In this talk, Manuel Pais, co-author of the book Team Topologies, explains why the platform-as-product approach can be a game-changer for organisations building and running software-enabled products and services. Using ideas & patterns from Team Topologies - including Thinnest Viable Platform, team cognitive load, and the evolutionary team interaction modes - Manuel explains how organisations like Uswitch have successfully used the platform-as-product model to accelerate and simplify the delivery of software at scale.
The AUTOWARE project is funded by the EU Framework Programme for Research and Innovation Horizon 2020. The project aims to push forward an open CPPS ecosystem, allowing SMEs to develop digital automation cognitive solutions.
AUTOWARE will connect several initiatives for strengthening the European SME offer on cognitive autonomous products. It will help manufacturing companies to innovate their business model by implementing novel technologies and digitising their processes.
These slides presents an overview of the project, such as the project's objectives, target users, partners, technology developed, etc. Check this out to learn more about the project.
Trough External Service Management Improve Quality & ProductivityIJMER
Abstract: The challenges in Small car project, necessitated improvements in quality and productivity,
right from day one of implementation of project. Detailed studies on external management services,
manufacturing process, various departments involved, and procedures followed were done, and
problems in the existing system were identified and solutions were provided. The object of this paper is to
investigate methods of measuring performance. The subject of this paper is the process of implementing
methods to increase productivity. Methods (procedures) of the study. Pattern during the writing of this
work was used by scientist’s articles information about the measurement and implementation of systems
productivity. Since this work was written with the use of different methods and examples, not all of them
before writing the work were known to me, I want to present a certain part to improve the productivity of
some companies in my country.
Importance of Using Industry 4.0 Sensors Check Pros.pdfHYDAC in NZ
Industry 4.0 sensors have become fundamental instruments in many industries, particularly manufacturing, automotive, and logistics. Similarly, logistics companies take advantage of 4.0 sensors and remote I/O modules because these devices permit efficient inventory scheduling, route optimisation, and tracking of items in transit, leading to cost savings and higher customer satisfaction.
WFT is platform as a product? Clues from Team Topologies - WTFinar with Conta...Matthew Skelton
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Savvy organisations are discovering the value of treating their internal platforms as products. But what does it mean to treat a “platform as a product”? What benefits does this give, and why would an organisation adopt this approach?
In this talk, [Matthew Skelton] [Manuel Pais], co-author of the book Team Topologies, explains why the platform-as-product approach can be a game-changer for organisations building and running software-enabled products and services. Using ideas & patterns from Team Topologies - including Thinnest Viable Platform, team cognitive load, and the evolutionary team interaction modes - [Matthew] [Manuel] explains how organisations like adidas and Uswitch have successfully used the platform-as-product model to accelerate and simplify the delivery of software at scale.
Industry 4.0 - Enabling operational excellence of packaging linesStephane Potier
Industry 4.0 is a revolution in operational excellence for smart factories. Packaging industry experts weigh in on current trends and share their visions for the future.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
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Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
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Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
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(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits
1. White Paper
UniSim
OTS Platform Migration and
Maintenance Benefits
Executive Summary
The oil and gas production, gas processing, petroleum refining and chemicals
industries make widespread use of Operator Training Simulators (OTS) for training and
competency management of process operations staff. The training simulator provides
the tools and techniques for trainees to experience and practice routine normal, non-
routine normal (start-up and shutdown) and non-routine abnormal (emergency
operations) activities in a safe environment.
The training simulator plays a critical role in operational effectiveness and competency
management. To ensure credible and realistic trainee experiences and outcomes, the
OTS must be relevant, reliable and realistic, aligned with industry training trends while
reflecting, as much as practical, the current real world dynamic operating environment.
The face of the training simulator system is the set of instructor features, training tools,
man-machine interface and integration capabilities with learning management,
competency management systems and other training tools. The heart of the training
simulator system is the replication of real world systems by the process, control, and
logic modeling engines. Both aspects are important in the development of high
performing process operators. As the process and automation systems evolve, an OTS
without regular updates and maintenance will deviate from the real world experience,
leading to compromised training outcomes and related risks.
A well maintained OTS system, deploying the latest tools and capabilities can create
well trained, high performant operators via more effective training interventions and
improved trainee outcomes. Well trained operators improve process operations
performance, reliability and safety.
2. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 2
Table of Contents
Introduction........................................................................................................................................................................3
History of Product Investment ........................................................................................................................................3
Operator Training Simulation .........................................................................................................................................3
Abnormal Situation Management Consortium...............................................................................................................4
UniSim Competency Suite...............................................................................................................................................4
Creating and Managing Competency..............................................................................................................................4
Maintain Market Leadership...........................................................................................................................................5
OTS Migration and Maintenance Justification .............................................................................................................5
Case Study.......................................................................................................................................................................6
Operator Training Trends................................................................................................................................................8
Improve Training Effectiveness.....................................................................................................................................10
Alignment with Evolving Requirements........................................................................................................................10
Improve Modeling Effectivness.....................................................................................................................................12
Alignment with Emerging Technology Trends..............................................................................................................12
Conclusion.......................................................................................................................................................................13
About the Authors...........................................................................................................................................................14
References......................................................................................................................................................................14
3. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 3
Introduction
Honeywell performs a regular annual review of its product portfolio. As part of the Operator Training Simulation (OTS) product line
review in 2011, Honeywell identified considerable overlap between the constituent engine capabilities of OTISS, Shadow Plant
and
UniSim Design. Furthermore, since its introduction in 2005, UniSim Design has become the workhorse of process simulation, with
customers preferring the unique lifecycle benefits of UniSim Design technology. For the past five years, new OTS projects have
consistently been delivered using the UniSim Design process modeling engine linked to the Shadow Plant Control and PLC simulation
engine. Since the Honeywell acquisition of the OTISS training simulation technology and business, OTISS has not been used in new
OTS projects. In recognition of these trends and to focus future product investments that best serve market needs, Honeywell Process
Solutions announced the withdrawal from sale of the OTISS and Shadow Plant legacy UniSim® Operations products.
The OTISS simulation engine was withdrawn from sale on June 30
2015, with standard and extended product support available until
December 31 2016. The last commercial release of UniSim Operations
supporting the OTISS simulation engine was R410 (Q2 2012). OTISS
has been withdrawn in its entirety.
The Shadow Plant process simulation engine will be withdrawn from
sale on December 31 2016, with standard and extended product
support available until the June 30 2018. The last commercial release
of UniSim Operations supporting the Shadow Plant simulation engine
is R430 (Q4 2013). Shadow Plant process model simulation
components will be withdrawn, while the control and PLC emulations
(Control and Logic modeling engine) are retained and supported.
Honeywell has a strong track record of supporting our customers’ investments in our solutions. As technology improves, Honeywell
strives to provide practical migration paths to protect its customers’ investments with the flexibility to upgrade at a time of their own
choosing. The withdrawal of these two process simulation engines has created a compelling need to migrate current OTISS and
Shadow Plant process model OTS systems to those hosted on the UniSim Design process modelling platform using a current release
of the Honeywell UniSim Competency Suite product. This paper outlines the value and benefits for such OTS process model
migrations, focusing on the long history of our product evolution, the range of new product features and capabilities, and how these
features and capabilities also align with current industry and technology trends in the area of operator competency management and
assurance.
History of Product Investment
Operator Training Simulation
Honeywell’s investment in Operator Training Simulators began with the acquisition of SACDA in 1992. The TRAINER product was
introduced by SACDA in 1985 and became the market leading technology for OTS as Honeywell expanded the SACDA business
globally. In 2000, the power of PC-based computing provided the opportunity to migrate the VMS-based TRAINER into the MS
Windows based Shadow Plant software. Further investment followed in 2005 when Honeywell completed the acquisition of Petrocom
OTS in Russia and the Aspen Technology’s OTS business, which included the OTISS modeling technology and the intellectual property
of HYSYS
simulation modelling platform. The HYSYS intellectual property was introduced to the market under the UniSim brand as
UniSim Design. Soon after, Honeywell integrated the standalone Shadow Plant and OTISS operator training simulator (OTS) products
with the UniSim Design process simulation engine to create the UniSim platform architecture and the UniSim Operations Suite of
products. Prior to integration both Shadow Plant and OTISS had a distinguished legacy of providing customer value.
4. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 4
Abnormal Situation Management Consortium
In November 1994, soon after the investment in SACDA, Honeywell founded
the Abnormal Situation Management® (ASM®) Consortium. The ASM
Consortium grew out of a grassroots effort begun in 1989 by Honeywell’s
Alarm Management Task Force to address Alarm Floods. The consortium
sought to address the challenging problem of abnormal situation
management in the process industries. The new consortium was launched
with funding from Honeywell and seven petrochemical partners totaling $8.5
million (MM). This figure was matched by the US National Institute of
Standards and Technology (NIST) ($8.1 MM) to sponsor research and
development over the time period of 1995–1997. Since 1998, the consortium
has been independently funded by its member companies, and more than
$37 MM has been spent in research activities, both by universities on human
factor fundamentals and by consortium members in plant studies to develop
working prototype solutions and verify improvements. The consortium identified seven practical areas of focus, one of which was
improving operator competencies and skills.
The research done by the ASM Consortium also impacted the Honeywell UniSim Operations product line influencing new features,
capabilities and companion operator competency products. The research pointed to the importance of training intervention and
outcomes as well as the underlying simulation technology. By 2014, the suite of products for operator training had expanded as
Honeywell integrated technology from the Petrocom acquisition, from ASM research and other research activities. As a result, the suite
was more appropriately rebranded under the UniSim platform as UniSim Competency Suite.
UniSim Competency Suite
UniSim Competency Suite continues with the legacy of over 30 years of experience developing and delivery Operator Training
Simulators in the process industry, combined with research from the ASM Consortium. The suite includes robust software solutions to
develop and deliver process operations competency management leading to safe, incident-free and efficient startup, shutdown and
daily operations.
Today, UniSim Competency Suite includes:
UniSim Operations - Operator training simulator technology
UniSim Curriculum - customizable operator competency model
UniSim Tutor - powerful knowledge capture and propagation tool
UniSim Field View - interactive, navigable and panoramic view of plant assets that extends the OTS to field operator training UniSim 3D
Connect - secure simulator integration and connectivity to 3D virtual reality environments.
Creating and Managing Competency
Creating and managing competency is not a change in focus for the Honeywell, nor is it in any way abandoning our roots as an industry
leader. The competency suite products complement our core UniSim Operations OTS product and will help users successfully develop
operator competency using tools and experience available today; while better managing changes they face now and in the future.
Just like a book does not in and of itself make you a competent reader, a training simulator does not in and of itself create competent
operators. We did not learn to read in one session, nor did we become fully competent at reading using a single tool. Learning to read,
or more specifically, becoming a competent reader started with a plan or curriculum. The curriculum included clearly identified goals,
using specific tools, to support each grade requirement. The curriculum helped define lesson plans for key competencies with regular
evaluation of progress as tests and exams.
5. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 5
Developing competent operators is no different. UniSim Competency Suite is a collection of products that help create and maintain
competent operators through a proven training process. From managing the loss of experienced resources, to ensuring operations
teams can do their job safely, reliably and consistently, our Competency Suite products provide the tools needed to help “replicate the
performance of their best operator every day, every shift.”
Maintain Market Leadership
There are currently over 1200 world-wide installations of UniSim Competency Suite products. Honeywell seeks to maintain this
leadership position through innovative product development and partnership with customers. We hold regular user customer advisory
board meetings and face to face events at which we encourage our customers to influence and shape the future direction of UniSim
Operations. We partner with process licensors to provide unique value to their end users via embedded intellectual property. We
continue to engage in ASM Consortium research activities to understand current areas of focus and end user needs. We adapt to
emerging technology trends to better serve our customers. We engage with domain experts in the area of user experience and
interface design as an important characteristic of our product evolution. In everything we do we focus on customer current and evolving
needs.
UniSim Design and UniSim Competency Suite use the same technology platform and are a key part of Honeywell’s Advanced Solutions
line of business with a significant ongoing investment in the Advanced Solutions portfolio dedicated toward the UniSim Platform.
Continued investment and product life cycle planning is managed through our 5-year strategic business planning process, approved,
governed, and monitored by Honeywell leadership. The strategic plan identifies the products and services that provide value to our
customers over the 5-year time horizon, while ensuring functional team tactical plans remain in place to continue to offer and maintain
those products and services that are in the best interest of customers and Honeywell. The UniSim platform with UniSim Design process
modelling engine provides a robust flexible deployment solution that will be the basis of the UniSim Operations OTS technology for
years to come. The flexible UniSim platform software architecture is expected to support the underlying computer architecture trends,
such as datacenter, mobile and cloud computing, as they evolve in the future.
Today, Honeywell is the world’s #1 training and simulation solutions provider for the process industry and will continue to invest and
innovate to support the operator competency market. Honeywell’s 30+ year track record in product development, software support and
maintenance demonstrates a historical and ongoing strategic commitment to deliver long term value for Operator Competency
customers.
OTS Migration and Maintenance Justification
One method of looking at OTS system maintenance and migration is the Value-Driven Maintenance® (VDM) approach (Haarman and
Delahey) in which maintenance is framed within a value rather than a cost context. The decision to invest in a maintenance activity is
based on a cost benefit analysis using four value drivers as the basis of the analysis.
Asset Utilization – the availability of the system to function adequately when needed.
Resource allocation – the smart allocation of resources such as spare parts, labor and knowledge to increase value.
Cost control – finding the maintenance investment that delivers the most value.
Safety, health and environment – good SH&E policy ensures continued license to operate.
Failure of an OTS does not have a direct impact on SH&E, but in a wider context we know that operator performance is directly linked
to SH&E outcomes. So, if a company is operating in a situation in which SH&E is critical, then making sure the OTS is delivering the
competencies required to protect the business against SH&E risks could be a leading value driver. Resource allocation when applied to
training system maintenance involves decisions about spares inventory, in-house or out-sourced technical support, and software and
hardware support contracts and warranties. There follows the perpetual balance between asset utilization (availability of the system)
and cost control (resources consumed keeping the system available). The case study below describes how this balance can shift during
the life of the OTS.
6. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 6
Case Study
In this example, a customer has invested in an Operator Training Simulator for a new plant. The primary objective of the simulator is to
provide critical start-up training for the operations staff. After the initial training, the OTS will be used for regular refresher training during
the life of the asset. Figure 1 below shows the leading maintenance value drivers over the lifecycle of the OTS as the scenario evolves
in the form of swim lanes.
Figure 1 – Value drivers for OTS maintenance change over time.
Phase 1: Initial training. The value is training of the operator for the new plant start-up. Asset availability is the leading driver.
Customers invest to ensure that expertise is on hand to resolve any problems that may arise. Typical investment would be software
support contract with vendors along with site-based or remote help desk support.
Phase 2: Post commissioning. The key driver is cost control. During this phase there is the possibility of post commissioning updates to
the plant, but the critical training phase is in the past. Customers invest to accommodate those updates that provide the best value for
ongoing training. Typical investments would be a software maintenance and support contract with vendors and a framework for
application maintenance to accommodate post commissioning changes. Value is maximized by selecting the scope of the updates to
execute based on value and allocate work in-house, with the vendor or with contractors that minimizes cost.
Phase 3: Ongoing training. The key driver is cost control, Maintenance spend is minimized to maintain adequate performance. This
phase may last for many years. With a good maintenance planning policy this phase can keep OTS delivering value through the life of
the asset. The risk at this phase is that if the frame of maintenance is too narrow, for example “keep the system going”, the real value in
the context of the wider frame of plant wide performance can erode over time. Focus on cost tends to lead to a “run to failure” approach
in which the system is repaired only when broken while ignoring the fact that the true value add is diminishing, leading to increased risk
of non-optimal out come on the plant.
Phase 4: Compelling event. At some point in the OTS lifecycle a compelling event occurs. This is an event of significant scale that it
compels action to move from the cost control value driver to asset utilization value driver. Examples of a compelling event are 1)
Hardware or software failures reducing availability that cannot be economically remedied. 2) Accumulation of changes not managed in
phase 3 that have gradually reduced the value of the OTS beyond acceptable threshold i.e. the time spent on the OTS is not adding
value compared to the cost of delivering the training. 3) Cost of reactive maintenance is very high due to resource or skills shortage. 4)
Support from vendor or 3rd
party contractor no longer offered or extremely limited. 5) Training requirements change that reduce the
7. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 7
value of assets and there is incremental cost of gap filling solutions. 6) New training opportunities present through product innovation
that increase the asset utility and hence deliver increased value to the customer.
Figure 2 below shows that at some point the cost to maintain the OTS and the value of the OTS cross over and there is no value
added. At this point a corrective intervention is required to either restore the value or further reduce the ongoing costs. It is at this point
that systems are either abandoned, upgraded or replaced.
Figure 2 – Corrective intervention is required.
Currently, many OTS systems continue to operate past expected lifespans due to extraordinary efforts to keep aging technology
functioning, combined with accepting compromised training experience as the simulator and the real process plant drift apart. Ironically,
because of such efforts, management frequently does not understand why the hardware must be replaced, the software updated and
the model updated to match current process conditions. Since the system is still "doing the job" (more or less), management will ask,
"What's the justification for upgrading?"
Such efforts maintaining a legacy system come at a price. As time passes, the compromises lead to less effective outcomes, with
resulting acceptable risks increasing more rapidly each year. It is important, therefore, to look at OTS system migration and updates
using a risk and reward approach that is broadened to include plant wide value drivers. Risks are reduced via more credible, realistic
and relevant training using current up-to-date process models.
Figure 3 below shows that at some point value can be enhanced by increasing utility through access to new functionality. New software
brings new capabilities and benefits that cannot be achieved using legacy technology. Understanding the benefits along with the
reduction in risk can provide the necessary incentive to invest in the migration and update of legacy OTS technology to current
technology platform and to maintain the platform in the future.
8. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 8
Figure 3 – Opportunity exists to increase utility.
Operator Training Trends
Process operator performance is important during the commissioning, operations and extension phases of a plant's lifecycle. As the
role of the process console operator has evolved, he or she now controls more pieces of equipment (assets) and more control loops.
The incentive for organizations to invest in training for process operators is simply that the automation system cannot do everything.
The interventions of a well-trained operator will reduce losses and sustain peak performance through appropriate prevention, detection
and mitigation activities. When staff are well trained, they make fewer mistakes and opportunities are available to capture the benefits
of better plant productivity, reliability and safety.
In the airline industry, pilots are responsible for complex and expensive equipment, and the lives of many people. Pilots also interact
with and engage with sophisticated automation systems in a similar manner as console operators in the process industries. Flight
simulators are used to train pilots in routine normal, non-routine normal, and non-routine abnormal events such as engine failures and
water landing. It is not too difficult to draw the analogy between the process console operator role responsibility and that of a pilot.
They both deal with complex automated systems with similar potential levels of consequences when a mistake or equipment failure
occurs.
9. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 9
As a result, many progressive processing
companies are using high fidelity operator training
simulators (OTS) to train operators for both non-
routine normal operations (startup and shutdown)
and non-routine abnormal situations (emergency
operations). OTS have been used in the oil and
gas production, gas processing, petroleum refining
and chemicals industries for decades and currently
represents a mature performant technology.
However, because of global trends and
competitive pressures, the need to improve the
skills, knowledge and behavior of operations staff
has never been greater. Trends leading to the
continued evolution in the proper deployment and use of a credible and realistic OTS and competency management system include:
Retirement of veteran operators: Many manufacturers worldwide expect most of their experienced operators to retire before 2020.
These companies risk losing a lot of knowledge and know-how. Mentoring is one alternative, but poses a risk of passing on bad, as
well as good, habits and does not necessarily reflect best practices. Using a training simulator program and other software tools to
capture the skills of veteran operators before they retire solves some of the problem of building knowledge and expertise of new and
less-seasoned operators.
The impact of human error: Research from the ASM Consortium indicates U.S. chemical plants lose more than $20 billion annually
from abnormal situations, with $8 billion due to human error and insufficient knowledge. Engineering measures, such as control and
safety systems, are necessary to reduce risk but are not in and of themselves, sufficient protection. Simulator-based training can help
manage that risk.
The quest for faster startups: For decades, the primary driver for investing in an OTS was to prepare operators for safe and
effective unit startup. The economics remain compelling with a faster safe start-up delivering massive potential benefits. Plant startup
is usually an infrequent activity. Simulators enable practicing and perfecting non-routine normal activities, such as startup and other
infrequent procedures that deliver immediate benefits.
Improved OTS effectiveness: The process industry has used OTS systems for decades. Companies that have installed simulators
have identified key areas for improving OTS effectiveness including the need to engage in timely direct performance feedback
relative to competencies when learning a complex skill. Thaler and Sunstein (2008) use the example of a golfer learning how hard to
hit the ball to sink the putt through hours of practice giving instant feedback. While golfers have ample opportunities to practice and
get performance feedback, plant operators’ daily environment is not optimized for learning. It is not easy to practice with a real plant
when the consequences of a wrong move are so significant. Doing so requires incorporating the OTS within a structured framework
with the right tools and competency model. Sustaining OTS benefits is best achieved by understanding operators required core
competencies and how these can map to training activities and performance feedback mechanisms.
A refocus on the training objectives: Applying dynamic process simulation to the problem of operator training has been a
significant achievement in modelling technology. The increasing power of computers enable accurate simulation of large process
models and practically any complex unit operation. However, all this technology is only a means to an end. As technology evolves, as
new tools are introduced to the market, it is prudent for the end user to consider how the OTS system needs to evolve with a focus
on the training objectives, training need against different and less stringent constraints than those of 20,10 or even 5 years ago.
Credible and Realistic Experience: The effectiveness of an OTS is strongly dependent on the need for trainees involved to
perceive the underlying system as credible and relevant. Organizations must keep the simulator as a close match to the actual
process unit. Once the actual plant deviates from the simulator, trainees challenge the OTS's relevance and the training value and
outcomes quickly erode. While experienced operators may be able to cope with significant differences, new trainees may not be able
to put even small ones into context, significantly decreasing training value.
Training for the Field Operator: Field operator training is also important. Mistakes in the field are not any different from those made
in the control room. Extending the OTS to include the field operator in a credible and realistic manner can improve individual
An OTS should satisfy both the operators' and company's needs. The evolving workforce, the next generation of process operators and
the need for more effective competency focused training all support the motivation and value of focused maintenance and evolution of
10. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 10
the OTS system. The requisite evolution delivers the benefits from the continuous evolution of the product suite, including improvement
in the training interventions and the outcome as it relates to overall effectiveness of the training program.
Improve Training Effectiveness
The productivity of an industrial facility starts with its personnel and their ability to perform critical jobs in a skilled and knowledgeable
manner. Today, industrial firms require new tools to meet a host of new challenges in effectively developing the skills and experiences
of key employees such as plant operators.
Experience has shown “millennial” age workers learn differently than their predecessors when entering the industrial workforce, and
prefer new, interactive types of instruction. At the same time, existing training programs must evolve to address the needs of field
operators, who extend the control room operator’s reach and view, to help ensure secure and efficient plant processes.
From an early age, Millennials learned they should use computers and
mobile devices to get things done as efficiently as possible. They are
technology-savvy, play video and computer games, and most
importantly, approach learning with a different mindset. For example,
the gamification of operator training through virtual reality was the
subject of a recent study by Abel (2014) who reported in many
industries, training designers are seeking to make operator training
more engaging through immersive technologies, such as 3D and 2D
virtual reality simulation.
Over the years, many operator training programs have focused
exclusively on control room personnel — leaving field operators (who
often work in hazardous, remote or mission-critical locations) to learn
on their own. This approach exposes personnel to practical limitations and risks. It is important to recognize training is no less important
for field operators than it is for Distributed Control System (DCS) console operators. The field operator is an integral part of the
operations team, and their training is crucial to ensuring secure and efficient plant processes. The challenges encountered in delivery
of field operator training include:
New Construction: Process facilities are not available for a worthwhile training experience.
Hazardous Environments: Potential for exposure to hazards must be minimized.
Remote Locations: Duration and number of employees in remote locations must be reduced, along with associated high costs.
Isolation: Field operator training is often detached and executed without participation by the console operator.
Informality: Field operator training objectives can be difficult to quantify and standardize, often resulting in informal training and
evaluation methods.
Companies now seek credible, realistic and immersive training solutions to prepare operations staff of all ages to run plants safely and
efficiently. New technologies can deliver content, such as standard operating procedures, in an enjoyable and effective way. They also
open the door to unique benefits, compared to traditional training techniques, by preparing field and panel operators to work as a team.
Alignment with Evolving Requirements
As the UniSim Operator competency suite product line evolves, it is more important for companies to ensure their training systems,
tools and infrastructure are aligned with evolving needs. Those needs are changing at an ever increasing pace. The current release of
UniSim Competency Suite provides capabilities to support evolving training needs as follows:
11. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 11
UniSim® Operations: Honeywell’s industry leading Operator Training Simulator (OTS) technology based on
rigorous dynamic process simulation model(s). UniSim Operations effectively and realistically trains process
operators by experiencing and interacting with a full range of process plant behaviors under normal and abnormal
situations. The solution accelerates knowledge transfer by consolidating a potential lifetime of experiences into a
concise operator training program. Features realistic process, control and safety systems modeling combined with
a Distributed Control System console interfaces and/or emulation capabilities to ensure a realistic console operator
training experience.
UniSim Curriculum: An operator competency model that helps our customers deploy a structured competency
management program. Based on Abnormal Situation Management Consortium (ASMC) research, including
extensive participation of ASM Consortium members in both development and validation, UniSim Curriculum’s
Competency Library includes a customizable predefined Competency Model for Console and Field Operators.
Each responsibility maps to competencies and behaviors that can be measured and assessed through various
training exercises and activities. UniSim Curriculum includes a trainee database to record progress and results of
individuals and teams through “aware” to “master” levels of proficiency. Training and evaluation activities can be
integrated with UniSim Operations training simulator, UniSim Tutor or other sources such as classroom based
training, workbooks, etc.
UniSim Tutor: A knowledge-based system to capture general and specific knowledge and experience for operator
training. Based on research by Dozortsev (2013), UniSim Tutor helps capture and propagate knowledge using an
accessible, game-style question and answer format. The knowledge of senior operators is captured as a matrix of
questions and answers about the process and its controls. During the game, feedback is presented in the form of a
score. UniSim Tutor’s mental simulations challenge the trainee and evaluate the ability to think, apply knowledge
and demonstrate a level of understanding against process and plant specific operating conditions, faults or
scenarios. These games mimic the activity of operators in the real plant: Abnormal situations must be diagnosed
using alarm summaries and analysis of process trends to validate root-cause hypothesis that immediately spring to
mind. This enables operators to determine the appropriate corrective action. As in the plant, feedback in the games
is rapid and relevant.
UniSim 3D Connect: UniSim 3D Connect leverages advances in the computer gaming industries to bring photo-
realistic training to the process industries. 3D computer-aided design packages are already used during new plant
construction, and these models can be repurposed as the basis for a virtual-world training environment. The 3D
model is “dressed” with realistic objects, textures and background images that represent the actual plant location.
Connecting a 3D plant model to UniSim Operations provides an integrated tool for team-based training. The
operator can experience the virtual world using 3D glasses, special headsets, an immersive environment or a
standard screen and game controller.
UniSim Field View: Field View is integrated with the UniSim OTS to provide a 2D immersive training environment
for field operators. It is one of several HMIs for the field operator orientation and procedural training. Field View
has as its basis a collection of panoramic photos with dynamic links and overlays representing navigation hot
spots, field measurements or field equipment. With UniSim Field View, the Field Operator can: navigate through a
plant to locate specific equipment, including finding locations of fire extinguishers, safety showers, and field
operated devices and indicators; follow the navigation hot spots to move from one area to the next; observe and
report on operating conditions in the field; interact with local indicators, panels and equipment. Field View can
support a console operator trainee as a team in a coordinated procedure operation.
12. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 12
These UniSim Competency Suite products provide capability and tools aligned with evolving requirements. Improvements in the
performance feedback, new diagnoses and decision making training tools, field operator training capabilities and the foundation for a
competency management system all provide incremental value and benefits to the organization in terms of training effectiveness and
operational performance.
Improve Modeling Effectivness
The OTTIS and Shadow Plant process modeling platforms were characterized as difficult to use, with a significantly compromised user
experience for process model configuration and maintenance. The UniSim modelling platform improves on this experience and in the
area of model value via product capabilities in the areas of dynamic fidelity, customization, configuration, maintenance, use and scope.
Specifically, the UniSim modelling platform and engine provide the following key characteristics to support incremental value:
Best in Class: UniSim Design is based on the HYSYS intellectual property acquired from Aspen technology in 2005 combined with
over 10 years of incremental product developments to create a best in class dynamic process modelling engine for high fidelity process
modeling. First principles engineering and thermodynamic relationships are used to represent plant behavior accurately. These
capabilities have been applied extensively and proven repeatedly in live plant applications.
Graphical Model Configuration: Unlike the OTISS and Shadow Plant legacy
modelling platforms, UniSim Design modeling platform provides an intuitive and
interactive graphical process modeling building solution that enables engineers
to create or modify steady-state and dynamic models for plant and control
design, performance monitoring, troubleshooting, operational improvement,
business planning and asset management.
Lifecycle Simulator: Unlike the OTISS and Shadow Plant legacy modeling
platforms, the UniSim Design modeling platform helps process industries
improve productivity and profitability throughout the plant lifecycle. The powerful
simulation and analysis tools, real-time applications and the integrated approach
to engineering solutions provided by UniSim enable companies to improve designs, optimize production and enhance decision-making.
Large Experienced User Base: The UniSim Design products are used across multiple industries including academia, process design,
multi-purpose dynamic simulation, process automation dynamic simulation, operator training simulators, and process performance
decision support. As a result, there is a large growing user base providing services and influencing continued product evolution.
Evolving Product: As a product with a large installed base and growing user base, UniSim Design modeling engine continues to
evolve with investments in new features and capabilities. By focusing on a single and common modelling platform, Honeywell is able to
progress and leverage significant improvements in the capabilities of dynamic modeling systems, thermodynamics, control systems,
computing capabilities, user interfaces and mathematical algorithms.
Fully Customizable: When appropriate, customized modeling capabilities can also be incorporated within the UniSim Design model to
derive maximum benefit for customers. From simple spreadsheet calculations to detailed modeling extensions, UniSim design provides
customization capabilities to support a wide range of operations including specialized industries.
Complexity and Scale: The UniSim platform permits the ability to develop large complex models by taking advantage of the multi-core
architecture to distribute model segments across multiple CPUs.
Alignment with Emerging Technology Trends
Technology continues to evolve at ever increasing rates, enabling new and effective ways to deploy software, hardware and
applications. Consistent with Honeywell’s strategy in product investment, new software releases not only provide new functionality and
capabilities but they also consider current and evolving technology trends to provide valuable capabilities to better serve our customers’
needs. Trends that are currently supported or are influencing future product investment include:
13. UniSim OTS Platform Migration and Maintenance Benefits 13
Virtualization: Minimizes the hardware foot print and related infrastructure requirements, providing both benefits in upfront costs but
also in subsequent maintenance and support.
Cloud Computing: The next step in application platform deployment migration to
cloud based computing environments providing scalability, high uptime
performance and access not limited by location and geography. Opens up new
way to deliver value for our customers, site wide and enterprise wide.
Cyber Security: An important and necessary trend to consider as connectivity
increases. From using the latest supported operating systems, latest anti-virus
detection means, to proactive detection and defense. An evolving field that is
becoming more and more important.
Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT): a network of networks that uses the internet to
connect people, processes and assets enabling a new way to optimize business
results. It leverages smart connected assets, enterprise integrated automation,
secured cloud-based data, and advanced analytics.
Virtual Reality: Technology that replicates an environment, real or imagined, and simulates a user's physical presence and
environment in a way that allows the user to interact with it. Virtual realities can artificially create sensory experience, which such as
sight, touch, hearing, and smell. Delivers safe yet credible, realistic experiences, well suited for training.
Augmented reality: A technology that enhances one’s perception of reality by supplementing sensory input, such as sound, video,
graphics, etc., live and directly on a view of the real-world physical environment.
Social Media: Trend and platform that enables people, companies or organization to create, share, or exchange information, via
virtual communities and networks.
Intelligent Automation: The combination of artificial intelligence and automation. Intelligent automation systems sense and synthesize
vast amounts of information and can automate entire processes or workflows, learning and adapting as they go.
Technology trends enable new ways to solve problems and provide better experiences and outcomes. These benefits can only be
achieved by maintaining and moving with the evolving base software tools.
Conclusion
Process operator training simulators systems have been widely adopted in the oil and gas production, gas processing, petroleum,
refining, and chemicals industries for both training and competency management. The training simulator provides the tools and
techniques for trainees to experience and practice routine normal, non-routine normal (start-up and shutdown) and non-routine
abnormal (emergency operations) activities in a safe environment. The key to successful training simulator maintenance is to consider
the real value drivers for maintenance within the wider frame of real plant performance. The cost benefit equation needs to consider the
risk that gradual erosion of value by continued focus on cost control once the critical training need has been satisfied exposes the
organization to the real risk of plant performance impact and SH&E license to operate issues through erosion of competence or lack of
opportunity for new hires to train effectively.
The effectiveness of an OTS is strongly dependent on the need for trainees involved to perceive the underlying system as credible and
relevant. Organizations must keep the simulator as a close match to the actual process unit. Once the actual plant deviates from the
simulator, trainees challenge the OTS's relevance and the training value and outcomes quickly erode. While experienced operators
may be able to cope with significant differences, new trainees may not be able to put even small ones into context significantly
decreasing training value and increasing risks.
The capabilities and tools available to help companies extract the most value from the OTS continue to evolve. Companies continue to
seek credible, realistic and immersive training solutions to prepare operations staff of all ages to run plants safely and efficiently. New
technologies can meet these challenges, extending simulator training to the field operator and/or delivering content and training
outcomes in an enjoyable and effective way.
Operator competency will continue to be an important contributor to a company’s performance. Competent operators improve process
operations performance, reliability and safety.