J. Clarkson*, C. Sudworth, S.I. Masca, D.N. Batchelder & D.A. Smith, “Ultraviolet resonance Raman study of the avidin biotin complex”, J. Raman Spectrosc., 31, 373-375, 2000.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MUSTY ODOR IN STREPTOMYCES SP. S10 UNDER NUTRIENT STRE...SHAHIRAH
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of phosphate concentration to the taste and odor production from tropical country, particularly in Malaysia. Musty odor is usually related to the presence of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and the odor can be noticed even at concentrations as low as 10 ng/L. Actinomycetes are known to be the source of geosmin and 2-MIB. The existence of these compounds is still not actively researched in Malaysia since the problem is not severe yet. However, if these odors continue to exist in the drinking water system, it will impact the water system management with economic losses and complaints from customers. Streptomyces spp. strain S10, which was isolated from a water reservoir in Malaysia, has the ability to produce geosmin when cultivated in basal salt (BS) solid medium, but no 2-MIB production occurred during growth in BS medium. Strain S10 could produce higher levels of geosmin when the phosphate concentration was limited to 0.05 mg/L, with a yield of 17.53 ± 3.12 × 105 ng/L, compared with growth in BS medium and this yield was significantly different (P < 0.05) from the yield produced in the presence of phosphate at the other concentrations tested. This study found that S10 produced more geosmin when phosphate was limited. It can be concluded that the amount of phosphate in the water surface should be monitored regularly to prevent the production of these odor-producing strains in tropical areas.
Comparing the Effects of Different Osmolytes in the B-to-Z DNA TransitionCharlotte C
Hydration of the double helix plays an important role in the conformational transition from right handed B-DNA to left handed Z-DNA, which may be a switch in regulating genetic expression. The Z-DNA conformer is more sparsely hydrated and has a larger solvent exposure of the nonpolar base-pair surfaces. We tested the transitional effects of multiple osmolytes with varying degrees of hydrophobicity.
CHARACTERIZATION OF MUSTY ODOR IN STREPTOMYCES SP. S10 UNDER NUTRIENT STRE...SHAHIRAH
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of phosphate concentration to the taste and odor production from tropical country, particularly in Malaysia. Musty odor is usually related to the presence of geosmin and 2-methylisoborneol (2-MIB) and the odor can be noticed even at concentrations as low as 10 ng/L. Actinomycetes are known to be the source of geosmin and 2-MIB. The existence of these compounds is still not actively researched in Malaysia since the problem is not severe yet. However, if these odors continue to exist in the drinking water system, it will impact the water system management with economic losses and complaints from customers. Streptomyces spp. strain S10, which was isolated from a water reservoir in Malaysia, has the ability to produce geosmin when cultivated in basal salt (BS) solid medium, but no 2-MIB production occurred during growth in BS medium. Strain S10 could produce higher levels of geosmin when the phosphate concentration was limited to 0.05 mg/L, with a yield of 17.53 ± 3.12 × 105 ng/L, compared with growth in BS medium and this yield was significantly different (P < 0.05) from the yield produced in the presence of phosphate at the other concentrations tested. This study found that S10 produced more geosmin when phosphate was limited. It can be concluded that the amount of phosphate in the water surface should be monitored regularly to prevent the production of these odor-producing strains in tropical areas.
Comparing the Effects of Different Osmolytes in the B-to-Z DNA TransitionCharlotte C
Hydration of the double helix plays an important role in the conformational transition from right handed B-DNA to left handed Z-DNA, which may be a switch in regulating genetic expression. The Z-DNA conformer is more sparsely hydrated and has a larger solvent exposure of the nonpolar base-pair surfaces. We tested the transitional effects of multiple osmolytes with varying degrees of hydrophobicity.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers Hexavalent Chromium...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Chromium occurs in water systems in two forms, Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Cr(VI) is of particular interest due to its known carcinogenic nature. In this application, the quantitative analysis of Cr(VI) was accomplished using the LAMBDA™ 265 UV/Vis spectrophotometer and Merck Spectroquant® chromate cell test. The method is analogous to APHA 3500-Cr B and DIN 38405-24 and is USEPA approved for wastewater.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers: Iron DeterminationPerkinElmer, Inc.
Iron is rarely found in its elemental form in nature due to the high tendency of its ions, Fe(II) and Fe(III), to form oxygen and sulphur containing compounds.
Concentrations of iron found in surface waters are typically no greater than 1 mg/L, unless contaminated by industrial effluents, whilst much higher concentrations are found in ground waters. The World Health Organization
guideline for iron in drinking water is 0.3 mg/L as undesirable bacteria growth in water systems occurs above this concentration. In this application, the quantitative analysis of iron was performed using the LAMBDA 265™ UV/Vis spectrophotometer and CHEMetrics iron cell test kit.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers: Ortho-Phosphate De...PerkinElmer, Inc.
In surface waters, phosphorus commonly exists in its phosphate form. A high concentration of phosphate in water is indicative of domestic waste, industrial effluent, and agricultural runoff which can lead to eutrophication. Eutrophication causes an increase in plant and algal growth, which decreases the dissolved oxygen in the water, often leaving the water uninhabitable to organisms. Most phosphates from these human sources are either polyphosphates or organically bound, which eventually degrade to ortho-phosphates (PO4
3−). In this application, the quantitative analysis of ortho-phosphate was performed using the LAMBDA 265™ UV/Vis spectrophotometer and CHEMetrics ortho-phosphate cell test kit.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers: Formaldehyde Deter...PerkinElmer, Inc.
In this application, the quantitative analysis of formaldehyde was successfully executed using the LAMBDA™ 265 UV/Vis spectrophotometer and Merck Spectroquant® formaldehyde cell test kit. Principle Formaldehyde reacts with chromotropic acid in sulphuric solution to form a violet dye which can be detected photometrically at 565 nm. The formaldehyde cell test kit is appropriate for the concentration range of 0.10 to 8.00 mg/L formaldehyde allowing the concentration of formaldehyde in a water sample to be determined without the use of a calibration curve by multiplying the measured absorbance at 565 nm by a known factor.
Deformulating Complex Polymer Mixtures By GPC-IR Technologymzhou45
GPC-IR to de-formulate complex polymer mixtures such as adhesives, coatingg, inks, additives to identify polymer components and find their specific raw material suppliers by IR database search. The presentation was given at American Coating Conference 2012 on May 7 in Indy.
BBO crystal is suitable for harmonic generation operations also it will never be the harmful one at any time. BBO crystal was used in multiple fields plus in a short time, this enhances the most wanted one because of its idealness.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers Hexavalent Chromium...PerkinElmer, Inc.
Chromium occurs in water systems in two forms, Cr(III) and Cr(VI). Cr(VI) is of particular interest due to its known carcinogenic nature. In this application, the quantitative analysis of Cr(VI) was accomplished using the LAMBDA™ 265 UV/Vis spectrophotometer and Merck Spectroquant® chromate cell test. The method is analogous to APHA 3500-Cr B and DIN 38405-24 and is USEPA approved for wastewater.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers: Iron DeterminationPerkinElmer, Inc.
Iron is rarely found in its elemental form in nature due to the high tendency of its ions, Fe(II) and Fe(III), to form oxygen and sulphur containing compounds.
Concentrations of iron found in surface waters are typically no greater than 1 mg/L, unless contaminated by industrial effluents, whilst much higher concentrations are found in ground waters. The World Health Organization
guideline for iron in drinking water is 0.3 mg/L as undesirable bacteria growth in water systems occurs above this concentration. In this application, the quantitative analysis of iron was performed using the LAMBDA 265™ UV/Vis spectrophotometer and CHEMetrics iron cell test kit.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers: Ortho-Phosphate De...PerkinElmer, Inc.
In surface waters, phosphorus commonly exists in its phosphate form. A high concentration of phosphate in water is indicative of domestic waste, industrial effluent, and agricultural runoff which can lead to eutrophication. Eutrophication causes an increase in plant and algal growth, which decreases the dissolved oxygen in the water, often leaving the water uninhabitable to organisms. Most phosphates from these human sources are either polyphosphates or organically bound, which eventually degrade to ortho-phosphates (PO4
3−). In this application, the quantitative analysis of ortho-phosphate was performed using the LAMBDA 265™ UV/Vis spectrophotometer and CHEMetrics ortho-phosphate cell test kit.
Water Analysis Using LAMBDA UV/Visible Spectrophotometers: Formaldehyde Deter...PerkinElmer, Inc.
In this application, the quantitative analysis of formaldehyde was successfully executed using the LAMBDA™ 265 UV/Vis spectrophotometer and Merck Spectroquant® formaldehyde cell test kit. Principle Formaldehyde reacts with chromotropic acid in sulphuric solution to form a violet dye which can be detected photometrically at 565 nm. The formaldehyde cell test kit is appropriate for the concentration range of 0.10 to 8.00 mg/L formaldehyde allowing the concentration of formaldehyde in a water sample to be determined without the use of a calibration curve by multiplying the measured absorbance at 565 nm by a known factor.
Deformulating Complex Polymer Mixtures By GPC-IR Technologymzhou45
GPC-IR to de-formulate complex polymer mixtures such as adhesives, coatingg, inks, additives to identify polymer components and find their specific raw material suppliers by IR database search. The presentation was given at American Coating Conference 2012 on May 7 in Indy.
BBO crystal is suitable for harmonic generation operations also it will never be the harmful one at any time. BBO crystal was used in multiple fields plus in a short time, this enhances the most wanted one because of its idealness.
Expression, purification and spectroscopic characterization of the cytochrome...John Clarkson
K.J. McLean, M.R. Cheesman, S.L. Rivers, A. Richmond, D. Leys, S.K. Chapman, G.A. Reid, N.C. Price, S.M. Kelly, J. Clarkson, W.E Smith & A.W. Munro, “Expression, Purification and Spectroscopic Characterization of the Cytochrome P450 CYP121 from Mycobacterium Tuberculosis”, J. Inorganic Biochemistry, 91, 527-541, 2002.
UV resonance raman study of streptavidin binding of biotin and 2 iminobiotin ...John Clarkson
J. Clarkson*, D.N. Batchelder & D.A. Smith, “UV Resonance Raman Study of Streptavidin Binding of Biotin and 2-iminobiotin: Comparison with Avidin”, Biopolymers (Biospectoscopy), 62, 307-314, 2001.
Evidence for electrophilic catalysis in the 4 chlorobenzoyl-co a dehalogenase...John Clarkson
K.L. Taylor, R-Q. Liu, P-H. Liang, J. Price, D. Dunaway-Mariano, P.J. Tonge, J. Clarkson & P.R. Carey, “Evidence for Electrophilic Catalysis in the 4-Chlorobenzoyl-CoA Dehalogenase Reaction: UV, Raman, and 13C-NMR Spectral Studies of Dehalogenase Complexes of Benzoyl-CoA Adducts”, Biochemistry, 34, 13881-13888, 1995.
Probing the chemistries of flavin ring systems of p hydroxybenzoate hydroxyla...John Clarkson
J. Clarkson, B. Pulfey & P.R. Carey, “Probing the Chemistries of Flavin Ring Systems of p-Hydroxybenzoate Hydroxylase by Raman Difference Spectroscopy”, Biochemistry, 36, 12560-12566, 1997.
The effect of core destabilisation on the mechanical resistance of i27John Clarkson
D.J. Brockwell, G.S. Beddard, J. Clarkson, R.C. Zinober, A.W. Blake, J. Trinick, P.D. Olmsted, D.A. Smith & S.E. Radford, “The Effect of Core Destabilisation on the Mechanical Resistance of I27”, Biophys. J., 83(1), 472-483, 2002.
UV raman evidence of a tyrosine in apo human serum transferrin with a low p k...John Clarkson
J. Clarkson* & D.A. Smith, “UV Raman Evidence of a Tyrosine in Apo-Human Serum Transferrin with a Low pKa that is Elevated upon Binding of Sulfate”, FEBS Letts 503(1), 30-34, 2001.
Volunteers in urban Forestry: Treasure or TroubleLee Mueller
For many cities, volunteers have become an increasingly critical part of urban forestry programs. However, whether you are engaging volunteers as part of your community outreach strategy or to help plant trees, volunteers can require significant amounts of time and resources to manage resources that are not always available. Luckily, if assigned the right projects and provided the right leadership, volunteers can add significant value to your forestry programs. This presentation will provide an overview of the value volunteers can provide, choosing effective volunteer projects, and recruiting volunteers. Specific attention will be given to volunteer training needs, efficient communication, and methods of identifying leaders. Participants can be expected to walk away with an understanding of how to appeal to volunteer leaders, the challenges to volunteer approaches, and
unique ways to keep volunteers engaged and supporting your community's work.
Raman microscopy and x ray diffraction a combined study of fibrillin-rich mic...John Clarkson
J.L. Haston, S.B. Engelsen, M. Roessle, J. Clarkson, E.W. Blanch, C. Baldock, C.M. Kielty & T.J. Wess, “Raman microscopy and X-ray diffraction: A combined study of fibrillin-rich microfibillar elasticity”, J. Biol. Chem., 278(42), 41189-41197, 2003.
Raman study of the polarizing forces promoting catalysis in 4 chlorbenzoyl-co...John Clarkson
J. Clarkson, P.J. Touge, K.L. Taylor, D. Dunaway-Mariano & P.R. Carey, “Raman Study of the Polarizing Forces Promoting Catalysis in 4-Chlorbenzoyl-CoA Dehalogenase”, Biochemistry, 36, 10192-10199, 1997.
Growth and characterization of EDTA doped BupropionHydrochlorideinventy
Research Inventy : International Journal of Engineering and Science is published by the group of young academic and industrial researchers with 12 Issues per year. It is an online as well as print version open access journal that provides rapid publication (monthly) of articles in all areas of the subject such as: civil, mechanical, chemical, electronic and computer engineering as well as production and information technology. The Journal welcomes the submission of manuscripts that meet the general criteria of significance and scientific excellence. Papers will be published by rapid process within 20 days after acceptance and peer review process takes only 7 days. All articles published in Research Inventy will be peer-reviewed.
Time Resolved IR Spectroscopy (TRIR) combines UV-flash photolysis and fast infrared detection for determining excited states and reaction intermediates, which are often inaccessible to conventional spectroscopy. It is possible to monitor processes within a span of 10-6 s.
Contributed by: Asmita Shrestha & Moumita Bhattacharya (Undergraduate Students)
University of Utah, 2014
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Study of electrical properties of Polythiophene and its compositesIOSR Journals
Conducting polymers are known to have significant electrical properties which can be improved by strong oxidizing power of oxidizing agents like V2O5. In the current study oxidative polymerization of the thiophene monomers was done to obtain Polythiophene for converting it into its composites with V2O5 to study their improved electrical nature. The electrical properties of pure Polythiophene, pure V2O5, PTh- V2O5 composite 1:2 (thiophene: V2O5) and PTh- V2O5 composite 2:1(thiophene: V2O5) were studied by carrying out current voltage measurements. It can be stated that the increased concentration of V2O5 is responsible for the increased current flow through the polymer matrix. The study is explained on the basis of fact that oxidizing power leads to removal of higher number of charge carriers from the backbone thereby causing increases in current flow. Such conducting polymers have wide range of applications in the field of Metal ions detectors, molecular electronics, conductive adhesive, electrical displays, electromagnetic shields, chemical, biochemical and thermal sensors, rechargeable batteries, solid electrolytes, optical computers and ion exchange membrane
Opportunities for probing the structure and mechanism of porphobilinogen synt...John Clarkson
J. Clarkson, E.K. Jaffe, R.M. Petrovich, J. Dong & P.R. Carey, “Opportunities for Probing the Structure and Mechanism of Porphobilinogen Synthase by Raman Spectroscopy.” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 119, 11556-11557, 1997.
Highly Crystalline Surface Supported Metal Organic Thin Film Materials Based ...CrimsonpublishersPRSP
Highly Crystalline Surface Supported Metal Organic Thin Film Materials Based Heterojunctions for Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Upconversion by Shargeel Ahmad* in Peer Review Journal of Solar & Photoenergy Systems
Synthesis and properties of PolyanilineAwad Albalwi
Polyaniline which is regarding kind of Inherently Conducting Polymers (ICPs), was prepared by
either chemical and electricchemical polymerization in acidic medium. Such solvents were used
and compared the affecting on the conductivity between EB solution in DMF and mcresol solvents by using UVvis spectrum. UVvis
spectra and cyclic voltametry were used to generate
and analyze the spectrum for the polymer films
SIMONA CAVALU_Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy of tempyo spin la...Simona Cavalu
Tempyo labelled ovalbumin at different pH values was prepared and investigated using Raman and SERS spectroscopy.
Raman spectra of tempyo labelled ovalbumin in the pH range from 6.7 to 11 were compared to those of the corresponding free
ovalbumin. In the basic pH range from 6.7 to 11 the molecular conformation was found to be unaffected by the tempyo
presence. Adsorption versatility to the colloidal Ag particles of pure- and tempyo labelled ovalbumin was also found to be
unchanged in this basic pH range. As the SERS binding site of protein the a-helix conformation is favourable.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Electrochemical Behavior of L-Tyrosine at Poly (Dicyclomine Hydrochloride) Fi...paperpublications3
Abstract: An electrochemical method for the determination of L-Tyrosine (LTY) using a dicyclomine hydrochloride (DICY) polymer film modified carbon paste electrode. The surface morphology of poly (DICY) modified carbon paste electrode was characterized by SEM. The modified electrode showed excellent electro catalytic activity towards the oxidation of LTY in 0.1 M phosphate buffer solution of pH 6.5. The effect of pH, concentration and scan rate were studied at the bare carbon paste electrode and poly (DICY) modified carbon paste electrode were investigated. Increase of LTY concentration shows linear increase in oxidation peak current. The linear relationship was obtained between the anodic peak current (Ipa) and concentration LTY in range 2×10-5 M to 1×10-3 M with correlation coefficient of 0.9984. The low detection limit (LOD) and low quantification limit (LOQ) of LTY were detected. The cyclic voltammetric studies indicated that the oxidation of LTY at the modified electrode surface was irreversible; adsorption controlled and undergoes a one electron transfer process at the poly (DICY) film modified carbon paste electrode. The modified electrode showed high sensitivity, detection limit, high reproducibility, easy preparation and regeneration of the electrode surface.
Temperature fields during the development of combustion in a rapid compressio...John Clarkson
J. Clarkson, J.F. Griffiths, J.P. MacNamara, & B.J. Whitaker, “Temperature Fields During the Development of Combustion in a Rapid Compression Machine”, Combustion and Flame, 125, 1162-1175, 2001.
Morphological study of aluminum tris(8 hydroxyquinoline) thin films using inf...John Clarkson
R.J. Curry, W.P. Gillin, J. Clarkson & D.N. Batchelder, “Morphological study of aluminum tris(8-hydroxyquinoline) thin films using infrared and Raman spectroscopy”, J. Appl. Phys., 92 (4), 1902-1905, 2002.
Comparison of the structures and vibrational modes of carboxybiotin and n car...John Clarkson
J. Clarkson & P.R. Carey, "Comparison of the Structures and Vibrational Modes of Carboxybiotin and N-Carboxy-2-imidazolidone" J. Phys. Chem. A, 103, 2851-2856, 1999.
Characterization of the surface of a citrate reduced colloid optimized for us...John Clarkson
C.H. Munro, W.E. Smith, M. Garner, J. Clarkson & P.C. White, “Characterization of the Surface of a Citrate-Reduced Colloid Optimized for Use as a Substrate for Surface-Enhanced Resonance Raman Scattering” Langmuir, 11, 3712-3720, 1995.
Richard's aventures in two entangled wonderlandsRichard Gill
Since the loophole-free Bell experiments of 2020 and the Nobel prizes in physics of 2022, critics of Bell's work have retreated to the fortress of super-determinism. Now, super-determinism is a derogatory word - it just means "determinism". Palmer, Hance and Hossenfelder argue that quantum mechanics and determinism are not incompatible, using a sophisticated mathematical construction based on a subtle thinning of allowed states and measurements in quantum mechanics, such that what is left appears to make Bell's argument fail, without altering the empirical predictions of quantum mechanics. I think however that it is a smoke screen, and the slogan "lost in math" comes to my mind. I will discuss some other recent disproofs of Bell's theorem using the language of causality based on causal graphs. Causal thinking is also central to law and justice. I will mention surprising connections to my work on serial killer nurse cases, in particular the Dutch case of Lucia de Berk and the current UK case of Lucy Letby.
This presentation explores a brief idea about the structural and functional attributes of nucleotides, the structure and function of genetic materials along with the impact of UV rays and pH upon them.
Nutraceutical market, scope and growth: Herbal drug technologyLokesh Patil
As consumer awareness of health and wellness rises, the nutraceutical market—which includes goods like functional meals, drinks, and dietary supplements that provide health advantages beyond basic nutrition—is growing significantly. As healthcare expenses rise, the population ages, and people want natural and preventative health solutions more and more, this industry is increasing quickly. Further driving market expansion are product formulation innovations and the use of cutting-edge technology for customized nutrition. With its worldwide reach, the nutraceutical industry is expected to keep growing and provide significant chances for research and investment in a number of categories, including vitamins, minerals, probiotics, and herbal supplements.
Multi-source connectivity as the driver of solar wind variability in the heli...Sérgio Sacani
The ambient solar wind that flls the heliosphere originates from multiple
sources in the solar corona and is highly structured. It is often described
as high-speed, relatively homogeneous, plasma streams from coronal
holes and slow-speed, highly variable, streams whose source regions are
under debate. A key goal of ESA/NASA’s Solar Orbiter mission is to identify
solar wind sources and understand what drives the complexity seen in the
heliosphere. By combining magnetic feld modelling and spectroscopic
techniques with high-resolution observations and measurements, we show
that the solar wind variability detected in situ by Solar Orbiter in March
2022 is driven by spatio-temporal changes in the magnetic connectivity to
multiple sources in the solar atmosphere. The magnetic feld footpoints
connected to the spacecraft moved from the boundaries of a coronal hole
to one active region (12961) and then across to another region (12957). This
is refected in the in situ measurements, which show the transition from fast
to highly Alfvénic then to slow solar wind that is disrupted by the arrival of
a coronal mass ejection. Our results describe solar wind variability at 0.5 au
but are applicable to near-Earth observatories.
THE IMPORTANCE OF MARTIAN ATMOSPHERE SAMPLE RETURN.Sérgio Sacani
The return of a sample of near-surface atmosphere from Mars would facilitate answers to several first-order science questions surrounding the formation and evolution of the planet. One of the important aspects of terrestrial planet formation in general is the role that primary atmospheres played in influencing the chemistry and structure of the planets and their antecedents. Studies of the martian atmosphere can be used to investigate the role of a primary atmosphere in its history. Atmosphere samples would also inform our understanding of the near-surface chemistry of the planet, and ultimately the prospects for life. High-precision isotopic analyses of constituent gases are needed to address these questions, requiring that the analyses are made on returned samples rather than in situ.
Professional air quality monitoring systems provide immediate, on-site data for analysis, compliance, and decision-making.
Monitor common gases, weather parameters, particulates.
Seminar of U.V. Spectroscopy by SAMIR PANDASAMIR PANDA
Spectroscopy is a branch of science dealing the study of interaction of electromagnetic radiation with matter.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy refers to absorption spectroscopy or reflect spectroscopy in the UV-VIS spectral region.
Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy is an analytical method that can measure the amount of light received by the analyte.