The document summarizes an investigation into using blue phase liquid crystals for functional materials. Key findings include:
1) Blue phases were stabilized through the addition of SDS, which aligned the lattice structure and stabilized it against temperature changes.
2) Time-lapse imaging showed SDS causing the lattice size to shrink over time as it entered the bulk liquid crystal.
3) PVA led to different lattice orientations but did not stabilize against temperature as effectively as SDS.
4) The results provide insight into how amphiphiles can influence the free energy and stabilize blue phase lattices.
BBO crystal is suitable for harmonic generation operations also it will never be the harmful one at any time. BBO crystal was used in multiple fields plus in a short time, this enhances the most wanted one because of its idealness.
The present study highlighted the effect of air pollution on chlorophyll and carotenoids content of leaves of three plants namely Ficus religiosa, Polyalthia longifolia and Cocos
nucifera. Comparatively higher concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids were observed in all the leaf samples of relatively less polluted Eco-space area, Rajarhat and Nalban area, Salt Lake rather than those collected from highly polluted Ballygunge station area, Kolkata and Khardaha bus stand area, North 24 Parganas. This specifies that air pollution has heavy impact on the concentration of plant pigments.
Ultraviolet resonance raman study of the avidin biotin complexJohn Clarkson
J. Clarkson*, C. Sudworth, S.I. Masca, D.N. Batchelder & D.A. Smith, “Ultraviolet resonance Raman study of the avidin biotin complex”, J. Raman Spectrosc., 31, 373-375, 2000.
Protein binding and non binding surfaces on biochips lab on chip 2012AnteoDx
Poster presented by Anteo Diagnostics at the Lab-on-a-chip 2012 conference. The posters shows data about how to create regions that bind and regions that do not bind proteins on a variety of different surfaces using the Mix&Go surface chemistry. The ability to create binding and non-binding regions is crucial in many point-of-care, IVD and lab-on-a-chip applications.
BBO crystal is suitable for harmonic generation operations also it will never be the harmful one at any time. BBO crystal was used in multiple fields plus in a short time, this enhances the most wanted one because of its idealness.
The present study highlighted the effect of air pollution on chlorophyll and carotenoids content of leaves of three plants namely Ficus religiosa, Polyalthia longifolia and Cocos
nucifera. Comparatively higher concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll and total carotenoids were observed in all the leaf samples of relatively less polluted Eco-space area, Rajarhat and Nalban area, Salt Lake rather than those collected from highly polluted Ballygunge station area, Kolkata and Khardaha bus stand area, North 24 Parganas. This specifies that air pollution has heavy impact on the concentration of plant pigments.
Ultraviolet resonance raman study of the avidin biotin complexJohn Clarkson
J. Clarkson*, C. Sudworth, S.I. Masca, D.N. Batchelder & D.A. Smith, “Ultraviolet resonance Raman study of the avidin biotin complex”, J. Raman Spectrosc., 31, 373-375, 2000.
Protein binding and non binding surfaces on biochips lab on chip 2012AnteoDx
Poster presented by Anteo Diagnostics at the Lab-on-a-chip 2012 conference. The posters shows data about how to create regions that bind and regions that do not bind proteins on a variety of different surfaces using the Mix&Go surface chemistry. The ability to create binding and non-binding regions is crucial in many point-of-care, IVD and lab-on-a-chip applications.
La sociedad en que vivimos cada dia esta siendo dominada cada vez mas por las nuevas tecnologias actuales a tal grado que hoy en dia ya se maneja el termino de Socidad de la informacion en la siguiente publicacion trataremos de explicar un poco sobre ello...
Layer-by-layer (LbL) films have been produced with poly(o-ethoxyaniline) (POEA), chitosan and chitosan-poly(methacrylic acid) (CS-PMAA) nanoparticles. Because the adsorption of LbL films depends on ionic interactions and H-bonding, optimized conditions had to be established for the growth of multilayer films. Unusually thick
films were obtained for POEA and CS-PMAA, thus demonstrating the importance of using chitosan in the form of nanoparticles. These nanostructured films were deposited on chromium electrodes to form a sensor array (electronic tongue) based on impedance spectroscopy. This system was used to detect copper ions in aqueous solutions.
Learn about Waters technologies for analyzing oligonucleotides with LC-MS. We offer solutions for both oligo characterization and QC monitoring. Learn more: http://www.waters.com/oligos
La sociedad en que vivimos cada dia esta siendo dominada cada vez mas por las nuevas tecnologias actuales a tal grado que hoy en dia ya se maneja el termino de Socidad de la informacion en la siguiente publicacion trataremos de explicar un poco sobre ello...
Layer-by-layer (LbL) films have been produced with poly(o-ethoxyaniline) (POEA), chitosan and chitosan-poly(methacrylic acid) (CS-PMAA) nanoparticles. Because the adsorption of LbL films depends on ionic interactions and H-bonding, optimized conditions had to be established for the growth of multilayer films. Unusually thick
films were obtained for POEA and CS-PMAA, thus demonstrating the importance of using chitosan in the form of nanoparticles. These nanostructured films were deposited on chromium electrodes to form a sensor array (electronic tongue) based on impedance spectroscopy. This system was used to detect copper ions in aqueous solutions.
Learn about Waters technologies for analyzing oligonucleotides with LC-MS. We offer solutions for both oligo characterization and QC monitoring. Learn more: http://www.waters.com/oligos
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Final submission –Pay attention to APA formatting, spelling, andChereCheek752
Final submission –
Pay attention to APA formatting, spelling, and grammar. Your similarity index/plagiarism score must be below 10%. Higher scores may impact your grade.
The final submission is the combination of the other four phases into one paper. You will combine Phase I, Phase II, Phase III, and Phase IV to make Phase V. You are responsible for editing and formatting your paper so that your paper will flow for the reader. This paper will need to be corrected with all the feedback provided from previous papers. Include conclusion and learning experiences from the essentials and from the class. Do not forget to document limitations and implications for future research/practice. Please review the PowerPoint prior to submitting your assignment, thank you.
Amino Acids and Proteins
Structure of -amino acids
The 20 Amino Acids Found in Proteins
Formation of a Peptide
Polypeptide backbone
9.bin
10.bin
Proteins are made of 20 amino acids linked by peptide bonds
Polypeptide backbone is the repeating sequence of the N-C-C-N-C-C… in the peptide bond
The side chain or R group is not part of the backbone or the peptide bond
ProteinsMake up about 15% of the cellHave many functions in the cellEnzymesStructuralTransportMotorStorageSignalingReceptorsGene regulationSpecial functions
Motor- myosin
Storage- ferritin, transport- hemoglobyn
*
Importance of ProteinsMain catalysts in biochemistry: enzymes (involved in virtually every biochemical reaction)Structural components of cells (both inside and outside of cells in tissues)Regulatory functions (if/when a cell divides, which genes are expressed, etc.)Carrier and transport functions (ions, small molecules)
Levels of Protein StructurePrimary Structure - amino acid sequence in a polypeptide
Secondary Structure - local spatial arrangement of a polypeptide’s backbone atoms (without regard to
side chain conformation)
Tertiary Structure - three-dimensional structure of entire polypeptide
Quaternary Structure - spatial arrangement of subunits of proteins composed of multiple polypeptides (protein complexes)
3-D Structure of Myoglobin
People with proteinuria have urine containing an abnormal amount of protein. The condition is often a sign of kidney disease.
Healthy kidneys do not allow a significant amount of protein to pass through their filters. Kidney disease often has no early symptoms. One of its first signs may be proteinuria that's discovered by a urine test done during a routine physical exam. Blood tests will then be done to see how well the kidneys are working.
Both diabetes and high blood pressure can cause damage to the kidneys, which leads to proteinuria.
Proteinuria (Protein in Urine)
Proteinuria (Protein in Urine)
Methods of Protein Estimation
Quantitative
Biruet methodBradford methodFolin-Lowry methodKjeldahl methodBicinchoninic acid method (BCA method)UV methodFlourimetric methodMass spectrometry
Protein Determination assay
Bicinch ...
Layer-by-layer (LbL) films have been produced with
poly(o-ethoxyaniline) (POEA), chitosan and chitosanpoly(
methacrylic acid) (CS-PMAA) nanoparticles. Because the
adsorption of LbL films depends on ionic interactions and Hbonding, optimized conditions had to be established for the growth of multilayer films. Unusually thick films were obtained for POEA and CS-PMAA, thus demonstrating the importance of using chitosan in the form of nanoparticles.
Layer by-layer films of poly(o-ethoxyaniline chitosan-poly(methacrylic acid) ...
BLUE PHASE PRESENATATION
1. Investigation of Potential of
Blue Phase Liquid Crystals for
Functional Materials
William Guy
Mentors: Emre Bukusoglu and Xiaoguang Wang
PI: Prof. Nicholas L. Abbott
2. Background
Intermediate Phase of chiral LCs between their
cholesteric phase and isotropic phase
BPII BPI
50 µm 50 µm
BPII BPI
10 µm-thick film of 35 wt% S-811/MLC2142 on
glass substrate exposed to air.
λ= Wavelength of Reflected Light
n = Refractive Index
a = Lattice Parameter
h,l,k = Miller Indices
3. Motivation
Investigation of blue phases for use for materials
Sensors
Templated Materials
To develop an experimental system to study the underlying phenomena
leading to a change in the optical appearance of the BP droplets upon
addition amphiphilic molecules.
LC response to lipids (1)
Scale bars: 5 µm
LC templated particle synthesis (2);
Scale bars: 5 µm
4. Goals for this Semester
Develop a suitable experimental procedure to study
consistently stable blue phases
Glass: Bare, PVA, DMOAP
Solution: Pure water, PBS
Grid:
75 mesh 10 µm
400 mesh 10 µm
75 mesh 40 µm
Filling: Overfill, Normal
Study effects of common simple adsorbates on the
appearance of blue phases
5. 75 mesh, 10 µm thick
1000 um
PVA
No Temp Cycle
Cholesteric
DMOAP
No Temp Cycle
Cholesteric
Bare
After Temp Cycle
Cholesteric
Development of Procedure
Varied type of glass during development of procedure; Bare glass showed dewetting in aqueous
environment; PVA prevented a flat film of LC from forming; DMOAP was determined to be best
Varied grid size by
which to study BP film;
chose 75 mesh in order
to observe domains
more easily.
400 mesh, 10 µm thick
1000 um 1000 um
6. Phase Transitions (Cooling)
40 um-thick 75 mesh TEM grids; PBS solution, pH=7.4;
35wt% S811/MLC2142
50.1C
BPI
53.4C
Transition
Iso to BPII
52.6C,
Transition
BPII to BPI
46C
BPI
45.2C
BPI
42.6C
Transition
BPI to cholesteric
7. Effects of Additives: SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grids, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC
53.4C
Transition
Isotropic to BPI/BPII
51.2C
BPI
47.3C
BPI
46.3C
BPI
44.8C
BPI
1000 um1000 um
1000 um
1000 um 1000 um
43.2C
Transition
BPI to cholesteric
8. Effects of Additives
No additives 45.2C, 1 mM SDS, 45.5C
1000 um1000 um
SDS aligned [110] planes
parallel to the interface and
stabilized the lattice size BPI.
9. Effects of Additives, SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grid, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC, 48°C
Prior to SDS
1000 µm 1000 µm
10. Effects of Additives, SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grid, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC, 48°C
Prior to SDS After SDS
+0mins
1000 µm
1000 µm
11. Effects of Additives, SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grid, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC, 48°C
Prior to SDS After SDS
+0mins
After SDS
+3mins
1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm
12. Effects of Additives, SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grid, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC, 48°C
Prior to SDS After SDS
+0mins
After SDS
+3mins
After SDS
+9mins
1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm
1000 µm
13. Effects of Additives, SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grid, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC, 48°C
Prior to SDS After SDS
+0mins
After SDS
+3mins
After SDS
+9mins
After SDS
+14mins
1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm
14. Effects of Additives, SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grid, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC, 48°C
Prior to SDS After SDS
+0mins
After SDS
+3mins
After SDS
+9mins
After SDS
+14mins
1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm
After SDS
+22mins
1000 µm
15. Effects of Additives, SDS
40um,75 mesh TEM grid, 1mM SDS in PBS solution, pH=7.4,
35wt% chiral dopant LC, 48°C
Prior to SDS After SDS
+0mins
After SDS
+3mins
After SDS
+9mins
After SDS
+14mins
After SDS
+22mins
1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm
1000 µm 1000 µm 1000 µm
16. Stabilization
The free energy of a BP can be described as (defect
theory)(1):
The free energy of a BP in the presence of amphiphiles
can be described as:
The presence of SDS changes the Fcore, Fint, and Fsa
leading to a stabilization in the BP lattice size with
respect to temperature.
Elastic Surface Core Interfacial
Elastic Surface Core Interfacial Self Assembly
(1) Kikuchi, H. et al. Nature Materials, 1, 2002, 64 - 68.
17. Effects of Additives
No additives 45.2C, 1 mM SDS, 45.5C 0.1 wt% PVA, 46.5C
1000 um1000 um 1000 um
SDS aligned [110] planes
parallel to the interface and
stabilized the lattice size BPI.
PVA led to a distribution of
different orientations of BPI
lattice with respect to the
interface.
18. Conclusion
Evidence that SDS is going into the bulk
With the system developed in this study, we were able
to demonstrate the dynamics of lattice size shrinkage
and therefore response to exposure to amphiphiles.
This possible entrance into the bulk would influence the
lattice size that leads to a stabilization as function of
temperatures