Types of Ultrasound Probes
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This document discusses different types of ultrasound transducers and systems. It describes linear array, sector, and vector array transducers. It also discusses mechanical transducers, electronically steered systems, and phased array transducers. Finally, it outlines several specialized ultrasound transducers including those used for small parts, endocavity, transesophageal, transluminal, and intracardiac applications.
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Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to produce images of the inside of the body. It can be used to examine many different organs and tissues, providing real-time images of both structure and function. The document discusses key aspects of ultrasound such as the different display modes including A-mode, B-mode, and M-mode. It also covers topics like how ultrasound works, its use in medical applications, safety, and important terminology.
Ultra Sound Imaging
This ppt describes basic principles of Ultra Sound Imaging. Advantages, Applications, limitations and modes of operations are also included.
Sonography instruments
This document discusses sonographical instruments used in ultrasound imaging. It describes different types of ultrasound displays including A-mode, B-mode, and M-mode. It explains how real-time B-mode ultrasound uses a probe containing a crystal to convert ultrasound pulses to electrical signals integrated by a computer called a scan converter. The document also outlines the key components of an ultrasound transducer, including the transducer crystal, matching layer, damping material, transducer case, and electrical cable.
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Types of Ultrasound Probes
- 3. Scanner Type Types of transducer elements Specialized Ultrasound Transducers and Systems
- 4. Linear Array. A transducer with many small electronically coordinated elements oriented side by side, producing a rectangular image. Useful in small parts, intraoperative, and vascular imaging. The long bar shape interferes with imaging between the ribs, making abdominal imaging di cult.
- 5. Sector Scanner. Transducer with a small head that produces a wedge-shaped image. May be a mechanical or phased array
- 6. Vector Array. Small footprint transducer that utilizes the entire transducer ace to form the image. Produces a trapezoid image with a larger field fo view than the traditional sector
- 8. 1. Mechanical transducers The transducer crystal is physically moved to provide steering or the beam. Although mechanical steering is less commonly used in modem equipment than phased-array transducers, mechanical transducers are o ten used in volume transducers or 3D or 4D applications. Types of transducer elements
- 9. The drive motor and transducer array are housed in the transducer case. The motor drives the transducer array back and forth to generate an image. Volume transducers are available in curved array, linear array, and sector formats
- 10. 3. Electronically steered systems In this type of transducer, multiple piezoelectric elements are used. A separate electrical signal is provided or each element. Steering and focusing occur by sequentially exciting individual elements across the ace o the transducer. Focusing is controlled electronically by the operator through placement o the focal zone or focus caret. The images are displayed in a sector, vector, linear, or curved linear format.
- 11. The phased array consists of multiple transducer elements mounted compactly in a line. All elements are pulsed as a group with small time delays to provide beam steering and focusing. The resulting image is in a sector or vector format and is particularly useful in cardiac and intercostal imaging.
- 14. Special transducers have been produced to help view specific areas: 1. Small parts (7.5- to 15-MHz) transducer 2. Rectal transducers in longitudinal (linear) and transverse (radial) configurations (biplane) 3. Biopsy transducer 4. Doppler probes
- 16. Endocavity Ultrasound Systems The transducer array, which can be a linear, curved, or phased array (or mechanical sector) scanner, is placed at the end of the transducer shaft. This transducer shaft is inserted into the rectum or vagina to produce high-resolution images of the male or female pelvic organs.
- 17. Transesophageal Transducers A transesophageal transducer may be introduced into the esophagus to visualize the heart. This transducer provides a higher resolution image than does transthoracic echocardiography. Modern transesophageal transducers may be offered for 2D or 3D imaging. Smaller pediatric transducers are also available.
- 19. Smaller transducers at the ends of catheters can be introduced into vessels, the biliary duct, or the ureter (transluminal transducers). These transducers allow close visualization o the anatomy that is being examined. These transducers are not commonly used and may be found more frequently in research applications.
- 20. Intra cardiac catheters have been developed more recently. A small catheter (10F or 8F), which may be introduced into the right heart ,provides very high-resolution imaging and may be used or interventional and electrophysiology applications.
- 22. Sanders RC, Winter TC, editors. Clinical sonography: a practical guide. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007.