The document discusses different types and historical movements of philosophy. It outlines seven types of philosophy including speculative, perspective, occidental, continental, analytical, pure, and applied. It also discusses eight historical movements of philosophy from pre-Socratic to modern world. Additionally, it outlines different philosophical concepts and schools of thought such as empiricism, dualism, phenomenalism, materialism, positivism, pragmatism, and idealism.

1. Types
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2. Types of Philosophy
1) Speculative : search for order and linkage in ideas.
2) Perspective : opinion and ideas of THINKERS.
3) Occidental : understand each cause and effect.
4) Continental : historical connection of all ideas.
5) Analytical : process of logical discourse.
6) Pure : based on thought experiments.
7) Applied : practical application of ideas.

3. Historical Types of Philosophy
1) Ancient
from Greece to Roman
1) Medieval
rediscovery of Greek thoughts
1) Eastern
Chinese-Arabic -Hindu
1) Western
German -American -French
SNA: Syed Noman Ali

4.  Philosophy is systematic rational attempt of all
basic fundamental questions emerge in mind
 rationality means the way we think
 It is the logical analysis of words and clarification of
the meaning of the concepts.
 Philosophy engaged in the process of analysis,
interpretation and criticism.
SNA: Syed Noman Ali

5. Historical movements of Philosophy
1) Pre –Socratic (500 B.C)
2) Socratic (600 B.C-300 AD)
3) Greco-Roman (395-800 )
4) Arabic medieval (800-1400 )
5) Renaissance (1400-1750)
6) Age of revolution (1750-1900)
7) Modern world (1900-1950)
8) New post modern (1950-present)

6. Empiricism
All ideas must be tested against observation of the world.
Dualism
Mind and body problem –difference in mental and physical nature
Phenomenalism
Physical object does not exist but only view as perception.
Materialism
view that only existing reality is form of matter.
Positivism
believe that knowledge without evidence is not possible.
Pragmatism
What is useful is worthfull, unpractical ideas are rejected.
Idealism
Knowledge is directly related in idea or images.

7. Mind
Study of relationship of mind to the body such as consciousness.
Science
Study of assumption and implication of natural & social science.
Language
Study about the relationship of language and reality.
Knowledge
study about purpose, nature and source of knowledge.
Computational science
Study about Knowledge related to cognitive psychology and
computing.
SNA: Syed Noman Ali