Muslim philosopher
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During the Islamic Golden Age from the 9th to 12th centuries, Muslim philosophers flourished and advanced knowledge in fields like mathematics, medicine, and philosophy. Major figures included Al-Kindi, who introduced Greek philosophy to the Muslim world; Al-Farabi, who wrote on logic, politics, and Plato's ideal state; Avicenna, whose Canon of Medicine was a standard medical text and who distinguished the soul from the body; and Averroes, who argued philosophy and religion could be reconciled and was influential in Western secular thought.
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Muslim philosopher
- 1. Arabic-Muslim Philosophers 9th – 12th CE Islamic golden age House of wisdom(Baghdad) Renaissance Peripatetic school Soul sna.syednomanali@gmail.com
- 2. Muslim Philosophers Al-Kindi Al-Farabi Al-Razi Avicenna Al-Ghazali Averroes Ibn-e khuldon
- 3. Al-Kindi 801-873A.D First self identified as an Arabic Muslim philosopher. Made access of Greek philosophy to Muslim world. Believed knowledge can attain from philosophy appointed in translated movement by al-Mamun rashid. was a physician, musicians, polymath,mathematician. Revealed is the best source of knowledge . All of reality comes from one absolute God. Developed mathematical scale in medicine. Developed method of variations in frequency of letters. Determined eye and object in contact with medium of light.
- 4. Al-Farabi (872-950) Logician, philosopher, musician, political scientist 2nd master after Aristotle He recognized as peripatetic or rationalist. He was jurist wrote political philosophy. He wrote commentaries on ideal state of Plato. He acclaimed God to be Absolute Being as the first cause. He regarded the ideal state governed by imam. The virtuous society where people cooperate to gain happiness Society is divided into wicked, ignorant and errant people.
- 5. Avicenna (980-1037) The soul is distinct from the body Marked as philosopher rather than theologian. His writings are encyclopedia of Aristotle’s work. He is dualist and interest in physiology Active intellect communicate the truth. The cannon of medicine is standard medical text. A fact could not be true & false at the same time. Posited brain where reason interact with sensation.
- 6. Al-Ghazali (1058-1111) He was Muslim jurist, theologian and mystics. Argued falsafa is incompatible with religion. Incoherence of philosopher is rejection of Greek. Considered as mujadid reviver of Islamic age. Warn not accept all belief from science and philosophy. God knows by essence not by knowledge. His politics from divine scripture Ethics is around the control of the soul and body. Rewards and punishments are spiritual not bodily.
- 7. Averroes (1126-1198) Born in Cordoba in Spain. Holding two truths, that of religion and that of philosophy. His work on legal profession, appointed as judge. His writing the incoherence of the incoherence. Law speak to human in demonstration The truth will not contradict with truth. Founding father of secular thought in west. Wrote commentaries of pagan philosophers. A change in relationship is still change.
- 8. Ibn-Khuldon (1332-1406) He was Muslim sociologist, historian, educationist. Become a judge ,held court in Spain (andlus) Critique over repetitive content in text books. His famous writing is “Muqaddimma” Provide historical criteria for necessary truth from error. History was an endless cycle with no evolution. Philosophy of history is to civilized the society. He conceived a theory of social conflict. Attempt to reconcile theology and mysticism. Intellect has limit to know immaterial things.