A firewall is a network device that blocks certain types of network traffic, acting as a barrier between trusted and untrusted networks. Various types of firewalls include packet filtering, stateful, deep packet inspection, application-aware, and application proxy firewalls, each with distinct functionalities for monitoring and managing network traffic. These firewalls employ different techniques to ensure security, such as examining packet data, maintaining connection states, and enforcing protocol compliance.

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2. What Is Firewall?
The word firewall means a network device that is used
to block certain types of network traffic. Basically,
firewall forms a barrier between a trusted and an
untrusted network.

3. Types Of Firewall
Packet filtering firewall
Stateful firewall
Deep packet inspection
firewall
Application-aware firewall
Application proxy firewall

4. Packet Filtering Firewall
In this type of firewall, there are security rules that block
traffic based on IP address and IP protocol.
Filtering Rules are based on information contained in a
network.
•Source IP address
•Destination IP address
•Source and destination transport level address
•IP protocol field
•Interface

6. Stateful firewall
•A Stateful packet firewall tightens up the rules for TCP
traffic by creating a directory of outound TCP
connections.
•There is an entry for each established connection.
•This is like a packet filtering firewall, however it is more
astute about monitoring dynamic associations.

8. Deep packet inspection firewall
Deep packet inspection is a form of computer network
packet filtering that examines the data part of a packet
as it passes an inspection point, searching for protocol
non-compliance, viruses, spam, intrusions, or defined
criteria to decide whether the packet may pass or if it
needs to be routed to a different destination, or, for the
purpose of collecting statistical information that
functions at the Application layer of the OSI model.

10. Application-aware firewall
•Similar to deep packet inspection, except that the
firewall understands certain protocols and can
parse them, so that signatures or rules can
specifically address certain fields in the protocol.
•The flexibility of this approach to computer firewall
protection is great and permits the signatures or
rules to be both specific and comprehensive.

12. Application Proxy Firewall
•An application proxy goes about as a go-between for
certain application activity, (for example, HTTP, or web,
movement), catching all solicitations and approving
them before passing them along.
•For an application proxy firewall to be viable as PC
firewall insurance, it must have the capacity to
comprehend the protocol totally and to uphold
hindering on infringement of the protocol.

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