This document defines microscopy and describes the main types and parts of microscopes. It discusses that a microscope is an instrument that uses magnification to see small objects. There are two main types of microscopes - light microscopes, which use visible light and can magnify up to 400x, and electron microscopes, which use electron beams and have higher magnification. Light microscopes are further divided into brightfield, darkfield, fluorescence, phase contrast, and differential interference contrast microscopes. Electron microscopes are divided into scanning electron microscopes and transmission electron microscopes. The document also includes diagrams labeling the main parts of a light microscope like the eyepiece, stage, objective lenses, light source, and diaphragm.

1. Microscopy and Microscopic Examination
Types And Functions Of Microscope
Presented By ABU REZA
Islamic university, Bangladesh

2. Definition of Microscope:
 The word microscope is derived from the Latin word “micro” means “small”
and the Greek word “skope” means “to look at”.
 A microscope is an instrument used to see objects that are too small to be
seen by the naked eye.
 It can magnify objects in a range from x100 to x400,000.

3. Parts of the Microscope:
Eyepiece
Neck
Stage
Adjustment
Light Source
Diaphragm
Stage Clips
Objective
Lens
Tube
Base
Fine
All
Nosepiece

4. Classification of Microscope:
 There are two main types of microscope on the basis of
magnification principles.
1. Light microscope.
2. Electron microscope.
 Light microscope also classified into five categories.
1. Bright field microscope.
2. Dark field microscope.
3. Fluorescence microscope.
4. Differential interference contrast.
5. Phase-contrast microscope.

5. Classification of Microscope:
 Electron microscope also divided into two types:
1. Scanning electron microscope ( SEM).
2. Transmission electron microscope (TEM).
 There are also some types of microscope.
1. Confocal microscope.
2. Scanned-probe microscope.

6. Classification Diagram:
Microscope
Light Microscope
Bright Field Microscope
Dark Field Microscope
Phase Contrast
Microscope
Fluorescence
Microscope
Differential
Interference Contrast
Electron Microscope
Scanning Electron
Microscope
Transmission Electron
Microscope

7. Ocular lens
• magnifies; where
you look through
to see the image
of your specimen.
• They are usually 10X or 15X
power. Our microscopes have
an ocular lens power of 10x.

8. arm • supports the tube and
connects it to the base

9. stage
• the flat platform
where you place
your slides

10. base
• the bottom of
the microscope,
used for support

11. body tube
• connects the
eyepiece to
the objective
lenses

12. objective lens
• Usually we will find 3
or 4 objective lenses on
a microscope.
• They always consist of
4X, 10X, 40X and
100X powers.

13. diaphragm
• controls the amount
of light going through
the specimen.

14. light
• makes the specimen
easier to see