The Presentation contains a detailed description of buildings, their types, and various components of buildings. After studying you will be able to understand the Standard definition of buildings, classification of buildings on a different basis, and also components of buildings.

2. University Of Engineering And Technology Peshawar, Pakistan
CE-120
Building Construction Engineering
Instructed By: Engr Arsalaan Khan
Presented By: Asmar-ud-Din
Semester: 2nd
Department Of: Civil Engineering
Registration No: 19pwciv5272

3. “Topics”
Definition Of Building
Types Of Building
On The Basis Of
Occupancy
Construction
Fire Resistance
Components Of Building
“Types And Components Of Building”

4. The concept of building houses or buildings is not new to mankind but
is related to them from the very early age. With the advancement in
science and technology only the methods and the techniques have been
changed in the hands of civil engineers.
Building
“Any structure constructed or engineered of whatsoever materials and
used for residential, business and other purposes is called a building”.
“Types And Components Of Building”

5. Types of Building
Buildings are classified into different categories on the basis of
1.Ocupancy
2.Construction
3.Fire resistance
“Types And Components Of Building”

6. 1.Classification on the basis of Occupancy
By occupancy means that for what purpose the structure or the
building is going to be used.
On the basis of occupancy buildings are classified into different types
Group A, Assembly Building
Group B, Business Building
Group E, Educational Building
 Group I, Institutional Building
Group M, Mercantile Building
Group R, Residential Building
“Types And Components Of Building”

7. Here we will discuss them in detail
1. Group A, Assembly Building
Buildings where groups of people gather for enjoyment, recreation or
social, religious and other similar purposes are called assembly
building.
These types of buildings are constructed for the purpose of assembly
with capacity of occupants from 300 to 1000(300-1000)
Example
some examples of assembly buildings are
Cinema, gymnasium, wedding hall, mosques etc.
“Types And Components Of Building”

8. 2. Group B, Business Building
 Buildings which are used for the keeping of records of accounts and
other business transaction are called the business buildings.
 Simply we can say that buildings which are used for the purpose of
business is called business building
Example
Most common examples of business buildings are all kinds of
shops which we can see in our daily life like barber shop.
“Types And Components Of Building”

9. 3.Group E, Educational Building
Buildings which are used for the purpose of education.
Example of Educational Buildings are school, colleges and libraries.
4.Group I, Institutional Building
Buildings used for the purpose of medical or other treatment purposes is
called institutional building
Example of Institutional Buildings are nursing homes, health care
centers and other hospitals
5.Group M, Mercantile Building
Mercantile buildings are used for the display and sale of goods. This
category includes shops, stores, markets etc.
“Types And Components Of Building”

10. 5.Group R, Residential Building
Buildings which are used for the purpose of residency is called the
residential buildings.
Examples of Residential Building are Apartments, flats, Hotels etc.
“Types And Components Of Building”

11. “Types And Components Of Building”
2.Classification on the basis of Construction
On the basis of construction buildings are classified into the following
different types
1.Brick and Block Masonry Buildings
2.Stone masonry buildings
3.RC framed Buildings
4.Wooden Buildings
5.Adobe Buildings

12. “Types And Components Of Building”
Brick And Block Masonry Building

13. “Types And Components Of Building”
Stone Masonry Building

14. “Types And Components Of Building”
RC Framed Building

15. “Types And Components Of Building”
Wooden Building

16. “Types And Components Of Building”
Adobe Building

17. 3.Classification on the basis of Fire Resistance
Here we have four types of buildings on the basis of their resistance
against the fire
1. Type (I) having the ability to withstand with fire for minimum
four hours
2.Type(II) having the ability to withstand with fire for minimum
three hours
3.Type(III) having the ability to withstand with fire for minimum
two hours
4.Type(IV) having the ability to withstand with fire for minimum
One hour
“Types And Components Of Building”

18. Components Of Building
There are two basic components of building
1. Sub-Structure
2.Super-Structure
Sub-Structure
The components of buildings below the GL(ground level) are called the
sub-structure. Sub-structure include the foundation and basement.
Basement is used for residential purposes and foundation are used to
absorb the entire load of the building.
“Types And Components Of Building”

19. Super-Structure
All the components of building which are above the GL(Ground Level) are
the super-structure. It consists of usually floor, walls, doors and windows etc.
Components Of Building In Detail
Names of the different building components are
Foundations Basement
Floor Parapet Walls
Roof Vertical Supporting Elements
Ceiling Stairs
Joinery
“Types And Components Of Building”
For More Details

20. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) said “The best among
you is the one who doesn't harm others with his
tongue and hands”.