Turks in Anatolia
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The Turkish people converted to Islam and began founding new empires, starting with the Seljuks in the 10th century. The Seljuks rapidly conquered the Abbasid Empire and Byzantine lands, occupying most of Anatolia. Supported by the Persians, the Seljuks adopted Persian culture and language. However, the Seljuk Empire later fragmented and faced threats from the Crusaders and the Mongols, who eventually conquered Baghdad.
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Turks in anatolia
The Turks migrated from Central Asia to Anatolia in the 10th century, converting to Islam along the way. They were initially bought and trained as slaves by the Abbasid Empire, but rose to power and established control. The Seljuk Turks conquered territory from the Abbasids and Byzantines, securing the support of local Persians by adopting Persian culture and language. At their peak, the Seljuks ruled over Anatolia and confronted threats from Crusaders and the Mongols, though their empire eventually fractured into smaller kingdoms.
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This document provides information on several Asian empires between 1500-1800 CE, including the Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal Empires. It also discusses the Ming and Qing dynasties in China and the development of warrior society and the Tokugawa shogunate in Japan. The empires expanded their territories through military conquest and established centralized governments, while promoting different religious traditions within their multicultural populations. China experienced economic stagnation under the Ming and prosperity under the early Qing dynasty.
comparative-history-119569929817452-5.pdf
The document provides information on the Safavid Empire and Mughal Empire between the 16th-18th centuries in Central and South Asia. It discusses the political structures and key rulers of each empire, including Abbas I of Persia and Akbar, Shah Jahan, and Aurangzeb of the Mughal Empire in India. It also addresses the religions, societies, economies, arts/architectures, and technologies of the Safavid and Mughal regions during this time period. Maps show the extents of each empire.
Muslim empires
The Ottoman Empire expanded greatly between 1453 and 1757 CE, conquering large areas of Western Asia, North Africa, and parts of Europe under sultans like Mehmet II and Suleiman I. The Safavid dynasty ruled Persia starting in the 16th century as strict Shiite Muslims, reaching their height under Shah Abbas, while the Mughal Empire was established in Northern India by Babur and expanded all of India by Akbar's rule, creating a period of cultural and economic flourishing, though all three empires began experiencing decline by the 1700s.
Chapter 21
The Ottoman Empire expanded throughout Anatolia in the 1350s and captured Constantinople in 1453 under Mehmed II, establishing itself as a major power. It was ruled by absolute monarchs and the grand vizier was the head of state. The empire reached its peak but later declined due to military defeats and an inability to keep up with technological advances in Europe. The Safavid Empire established Shi'a Islam in Iran and battled the Ottomans until suffering a defeat in 1514. Under Abbas I from 1587-1629, the empire was strong and prosperous but later declined rapidly. The Mughal Empire was founded in 1526 and expanded greatly, reaching its peak under Akbar from 1556
11.3 turkish empires rise in anatolia
The Seljuks, a Turkish family, seized control of Baghdad in 1055 and defeated the Byzantine Empire in 1071, taking over most of Anatolia. To secure local support, the Seljuks embraced Persian culture, language, and Islam. Under Malik Shah, the Seljuk Empire grew powerful but fragmented after his death. The Seljuks confronted both the Crusaders and later the Mongols, with the Mongol conquest of Baghdad in 1258 marking the end of Seljuk rule.
Central Asia Review
The document provides a summary of key events and concepts related to world history from ancient civilizations through the Mughal Empire in India. It covers the rise and fall of civilizations like the Indus River Valley, the Aryan invasions and caste system in India, the major world religions of Hinduism, Buddhism, Islam, and the initial spread of Islam. It then discusses the Mongol Empire, Crusades, Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, and concludes with an overview of the Mughal Empire in India from its founding to its decline.
Unit II Review
This document provides an overview of major themes and developments in different world civilizations between 600-1450 CE. It discusses the rebuilding of declining empires like the Byzantine and Tang/Song Dynasties in China. It also summarizes the rise and spread of Islam across the Middle East, Northern Africa and South Asia through military conquest and trade. Other topics covered include decentralized feudal systems in Western Europe and Japan.
Chapter 11 Mongol Monument Empire - Ways of the World AP World History Book
Summary of Chapter 11 from AP World History book, Ways of the World by Robert W. Strayer. Chapter 11 Pastoral peoples on the global stage: Mongol Monument 1200-1500
ottoman empire by Asads51272@gmail.com
The document provides an overview of the Ottoman Empire through a presentation. It discusses the empire's origin in Asia Minor in the 13th century under Osman I. At its peak, the empire spanned Southeast Europe, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa. It then began declining after naval defeats in the 16th century. The presentation covers additional topics like language, food, festivals, economy, sultans, conquests, architecture, and the devshirme system of conscripting non-Muslim children. The golden era is identified under Suleiman the Magnificent, and three main reasons for the empire's eventual decline are discussed.
Dynasties
The Fatimid dynasty ruled over parts of North Africa, Egypt, and the Levant from 909-1171 CE. Founded by Ismaili leader Ubayd Allah, the Fatimid dynasty established Cairo as its capital and built al-Azhar mosque, which became an important center of Islamic learning. However, the Fatimid's lost control over their territories due to weakening central authority and the invasion of the Seljuk Turks in the 11th century. The Ayyubid dynasty, founded by Saladin, ruled much of the region in the 12th-13th centuries and ushered in an era of economic prosperity before being replaced by the Mamluks in Egypt and conquered by the
Period iv examreview
The document provides an overview of world history from 1450-1750, covering major themes, events, and civilizations during this period:
1. It discusses the rise and fall of several gunpowder empires including the Ming Dynasty in China, the Tokugawa Shogunate in Japan, the Ottoman Empire, and the Mughal Empire in India.
2. It also covers the age of exploration led by European powers like Portugal, Spain, the Dutch, and British as they sought new trade routes and established global colonial empires in Asia, Africa, and the Americas.
3. The document outlines the resulting globalization of trade, spread of religions, and changes to political and social structures around
Mongols 2007
1. The document discusses the Mongols and their leader Genghis Kahn.
2. It describes how Genghis Kahn built an extensive empire through his professional army and policies promoting global trade and religious tolerance.
3. Though the Mongols did not make technological breakthroughs, Genghis Kahn's empire connected East and West in new ways and helped inspire later European explorers like Columbus through accounts of Asia like Marco Polo's book.
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Chapter 11 Mongol Monument Empire - Ways of the World AP World History Book
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The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
Kublai Khan's Mongols (12:3)
Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan, sought to fulfill his grandfather's goal of conquering all of China. He established the Yuan Dynasty, which united China for the first time in over 300 years. Kublai Khan made Beijing his capital and opened China to foreign trade while making few changes to Chinese culture and government. However, the Mongol rule faced problems due to the small Mongol population ruling over many Chinese and resentment grew over time. Various rebellions eventually led to the fall of the Yuan Dynasty after Kublai Khan's death.
First Empires of india & Rrade of Indian Culture (2018)
The Mauryas and the Guptas established two major empires in ancient India but neither unified the subcontinent permanently. Under Chandragupta Maurya and his grandson Ashoka, the Mauryan Empire stretched across northern India. Ashoka promoted Buddhism after feeling remorse for the violence of his conquests. The Gupta Empire saw a cultural flowering under Chandragupta I, his son Samudra Gupta, and grandson Chandragupta II, but also broke apart after their deaths. Increased trade under the Guptas spread Indian religions like Hinduism and Buddhism throughout Southeast Asia.
Indo-Europeans + Indian Religions (2018)
The document provides information on Indo-European migrations to India beginning around 1700-1200 BC. It discusses how Indo-European pastoral groups like the Aryans migrated from central Eurasia to places like Anatolia and India. In India, the Aryans established kingdoms and developed the caste system, dividing society into distinct social classes. It also describes how the Hittite Empire rose in Anatolia and how the Aryans transformed India, establishing Vedic culture and sacred texts like the Vedas, Mahabharata, and Bhagavad Gita. The document contains questions for an AP India test focusing on these migrations and their impacts on languages, empires, and social systems
African Slave Trade (updated 2018)
The document provides background information on the Atlantic slave trade. It discusses when the slave trade began in the 1450s, the reasons it started which included labor shortages and beliefs of superiority. It describes the three phases of the slave trade: capture in West Africa, the treacherous Middle Passage journey across the Atlantic, and seasoning in brutal work camps in the Caribbean. The document also examines the triangular trade route between Africa, North America, and the Caribbean that facilitated the slave trade and the growth of slavery in America through the invention of the cotton gin.
APW: Review Days (+ answers to questions)
This document outlines a daily study plan for a history class, assigning 50 points for each day's work. The plan includes:
1. 20-40 multiple choice practice questions on a timed section of history.
2. Correcting the practice questions.
3. Reviewing test formats, materials, or commonly missed topics.
4. Studying individually or with partners using flashcards, textbook sections, or practice exams. Proof of study is required.
Study options include flashcards, textbook review, practice exams, short answers, essays, or timelines. An optional Kahoot review is included at the end of some days. The goal is to prepare students for an AP history test through
WW1 (Sections 1 & ;2)
The document summarizes the key events leading up to and during World War 1. Rising tensions between European powers due to nationalism, imperialism, and military buildup set the stage. Immediate sparks included ethnic conflict in the Balkans and the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This caused alliances to pull major powers into a war characterized by trench warfare and stalemate on the Western Front, as well as mobile but bloody fighting on the Eastern Front against Russia. Over four years, new military technologies emerged but failed to break the deadlock, leading to enormous casualties before the war finally ended in 1918.
Europe Chapter 24 (Revolutions, Nationalism, Art)
Europe faced revolutions and the rise of nationalism in the 19th century. Liberal uprisings challenged absolute monarchies as new ideologies like nationalism emerged. Nationalist groups in places like Greece and Germany helped establish independent nation-states. At the same time, artistic and intellectual movements like Romanticism grew in response to industrialization and political changes.
Byzantium Becomes the New Rome
Constantinople became the new capital of the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of Rome to Germanic tribes in the 5th century. Under the rule of Justinian in the 6th century, the Byzantine Empire reconquered much of the territory once held by Rome. Byzantine culture was influenced by Roman traditions but spoke Greek, and its legal code and architecture, such as the Hagia Sophia, had lasting influence. However, the empire gradually declined due to unrest, plague, and attacks from neighboring powers.
Rome (Chapter 6:1-5)
Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus around 1000 BC. It developed into a Republic in 509 BC after overthrowing the last king. The Republic expanded through military conquests including defeating Carthage in the Punic Wars. Tensions grew between the patricians and plebeians leading to the rise of populists like Julius Caesar who became dictator for life. After his assassination, Octavian became the first emperor, Augustus, beginning the Roman Empire. The Empire reached its height under emperors like Trajan but declined due to military overspending and invasions by Germanic tribes, with the Western half falling in 476 AD. Rome left a lasting cultural legacy including its system of law,
Classical Greece (Chapter 5:1-5)
This document provides an overview of ancient Greek geography, history, and culture. It discusses how Greece's mountainous landscape separated communities and led to the development of independent city-states. It describes the early Mycenaean and Minoan civilizations and the legendary Trojan War. It outlines the rise of Sparta and Athens as powerful city-state models with differing governments and social structures. The document also summarizes Greece's conflicts with Persia and the cultural achievements during Athens' Golden Age under Pericles, including advances in philosophy, drama, architecture, and democracy.
Kublai Khan's Mongols (12:3)
Kublai Khan, grandson of Genghis Khan, sought to fulfill his grandfather's goal of conquering all of China. He established the Yuan Dynasty, which united China for the first time in over 300 years. Kublai Khan made Beijing his capital and opened China to foreign trade while making few changes to Chinese culture and government. However, the Mongol rule faced problems due to the cultural differences between the Mongols and the many Chinese people they ruled over. Within a century, the Yuan Dynasty fell apart due to overexpansion, luxury, peasant rebellions, and natural disasters.
The Muslim World (Chapter 10:1-3)
The document provides an overview of the early Muslim world from 600-1250 CE. It discusses the geography of the Arabian Peninsula and the importance of Mecca as a trade and religious center. It describes the life of the prophet Muhammad and the origins and key beliefs of Islam, including the five pillars. It explains the rapid expansion of the early Muslim empire through military conquests and voluntary conversions. The caliphates that arose helped spread Islam across large parts of Africa and Asia, establishing an empire and cultural achievements in education, science, and architecture.
32 1-5 WW2 (With APW Notes)
The document discusses key events of World War 2 in Europe and Asia. It describes Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 which marked the start of the war, as well as Germany's swift defeat of France in 1940 through the use of blitzkrieg tactics. It also discusses the Holocaust and the systematic murder of 6 million Jews by Nazi Germany. The summary ends with the Allied invasion of Normandy on D-Day in 1944 and Hitler's failed counteroffensive which marked the beginning of the end for Nazi Germany.
Chapter 36 Global Interdependence
1. The Space Race between the US and USSR in the 1950s-1970s led to early cooperation between scientists of the two countries and helped advance space exploration.
2. By the 1970s, the US and USSR had begun working together on projects like the Apollo-Soyuz mission, though their space programs also developed independently thereafter.
3. Advances in science and technology in recent decades have greatly increased global interdependence through developments like the Internet, video communications, and international scientific projects like the International Space Station.
Early American Tribe Presentations
This document provides instructions for an assignment where students will be divided into groups to present on early American tribes. Each group will create a Google Slides presentation on their assigned tribe. The presentation must include title, time period, location, beginnings, leaders, cities, government, economy/trade, and other required topics. Students will divide up the content and add their slides to a shared Google Slide show for their group before presenting to the class.
AP World: Mongols (12:2) + Mongol Reading Resources
The Mongols, a nomadic people from the Mongolian steppe, conquered much of Asia under the leadership of Genghis Khan in the 13th century. Genghis Khan united the Mongol tribes and built a powerful military force that allowed the Mongols to establish the largest contiguous land empire in world history. After Genghis Khan's death, the Mongol Empire was divided into four khanates that were ruled by his descendants and continued expanding the empire's territories to include regions like Korea, Persia, Russia, and parts of Eastern Europe. The Mongol Empire promoted trade and interaction between different peoples during a period of stability known as the Pax Mongolica.
Ancient Rome (6:1-5)
The document provides a detailed overview of the history of ancient Rome from its founding through the fall of the Western Roman Empire. Some key points covered include:
- Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus around 1000 BC and gradually grew to dominate the Italian peninsula through conflict with neighboring groups like the Etruscans and Greeks.
- The Roman Republic was established in 509 BC and was ruled by elected leaders and a senate, though real power was held by wealthy patricians.
- Rome expanded greatly through the Punic Wars against Carthage in the 3rd-2nd centuries BC, gaining control of the Mediterranean.
- Conflicts between political factions led to the rise of Julius
Byzantium Becomes the New Rome (11:1)
Constantinople became the new capital of the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of Rome, carrying on Roman traditions for over 1000 years. Under Justinian, the empire reconquered Italy and North Africa but eventually declined due to plague, religious conflicts, and attacks from invaders. The Byzantine Empire influenced the development of Orthodox Christianity and spread the faith to Slavic peoples through missionaries like Saints Cyril and Methodius.
African Civilizations (8:1-3)
1) African societies developed in diverse ways depending on their environments, with some taking nomadic lifestyles while others transitioned to settled agriculture.
2) The kingdom of Aksum in Ethiopia became a powerful trading nation by controlling trade routes between Africa, India, and Europe. It adopted Christianity in the 4th century AD.
3) Starting around 1000 BC, Bantu-speaking peoples migrated southward from their homeland, spreading their languages and skills across much of sub-Saharan Africa over the next 1500 years. Their migrations were driven partly by population growth, environmental changes, and conflicts between tribes.
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A PowerPoint Presentation based on the Dhamma teaching of Kamma-Vipaka (Intentional Actions-Ripening Effects).
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It seems that current missionary work requires spending a lot of money, preparing a lot of materials, and traveling to far away places, so that it feels like missionary work. But what was the result they brought back? It's just a lot of photos of activities, fun eating, drinking and some playing games. And then we have to do the same thing next year, never ending. The church once mentioned that a certain missionary would go to the field where she used to work before the end of his life. It seemed that if she had not gone, no one would be willing to go. The reason why these missionary work is so difficult is that no one obeys God’s words, and the Bible is not the main content during missionary work, because in the eyes of those who do not obey God’s words, the Bible is just words and cannot be connected with life, so Reading out God's words is boring because it doesn't have any life experience, so it cannot be connected with human life. I will give a few examples in the hope that this situation can be changed. A375
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Discover various methods for clearing negative entities from your space and spirit, including energy clearing techniques, spiritual rituals, and professional assistance. Gain practical knowledge on how to implement these techniques to restore peace and harmony. For more information visit here: https://www.reikihealingdistance.com/negative-entity-removal/
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My other free eBooks can be obtained from the following Links:
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The forces involved in this witchcraft spell will re-establish the loving bond between you and help to build a strong, loving relationship from which to start anew. Despite any previous hardships or problems, the spell work will re-establish the strong bonds of friendship and love upon which the marriage and relationship originated. Have faith, these stop divorce and stop separation spells are extremely powerful and will reconnect you and your partner in a strong and harmonious relationship.
My ritual will not only stop separation and divorce, but rebuild a strong bond between you and your partner that is based on truth, honesty, and unconditional love. For an even stronger effect, you may want to consider using the Eternal Love Bond spell to ensure your relationship and love will last through all tests of time. If you have not yet determined if your partner is considering separation or divorce, but are aware of rifts in the relationship, try the Love Spells to remove problems in a relationship or marriage. Keep in mind that all my love spells are 100% customized and that you'll only need 1 spell to address all problems/wishes.
Save your marriage from divorce & make your relationship stronger using anti divorce spells to make him or her fall back in love with you. End your marriage if you are no longer in love with your husband or wife. Permanently end your marriage using divorce spells that work fast. Protect your marriage from divorce using love spells to boost commitment, love & bind your hearts together for a stronger marriage that will last. Get your ex lover who has remarried using divorce spells to break up a couple & make your ex lost lover come back to you permanently.
Visit https://www.profbalaj.com/love-spells-loves-spells-that-work/
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Turks in Anatolia
- 1. + Turkish Empires Rise in Anatolia 279-281
- 2. + Turkish Empire Main Idea: Turkish people converted to Islam and founded new empires that would renew Muslim civilization Why it matters? In the 20th Century, the collapse of the Turkish empire left ethnic and religious hostilities that still affect the world
- 3. + Setting the Stage Location: East of Constantinople, south of Russia Abbasids (Muslim empire) had ruled since 8th century By 10th century, their empire was opened to be conquered
- 4. + Turks March from Central Asia Durko= most likely the Turks, Chinese records speak of them as people living on their western borders For centuries they were nomads, herded goats and sheep, lived in tents, use 2 humped camels to carry goods Muslims met them as raiders and traders along their northeastern frontiers 10 Century- Turks converted to Islam, then migrated into the Abbasid Empire
- 5. + From Slaves to Masters When Abbasids saw the military skills of the Turks, they began buying Turkish children to raise as slaves, train as soldiers and then employ as bodyguards Mamelukes= Turkish military slaves, became a powerful force in the Abbasid Empire Abbasid Empire begins to crumble to outsiders Persian armies moved in Baghdad and put an end to the caliph’s political power
- 6. + Rise of the Seljuks At this time of weakness, Turks migrated into the Abbasid Empire (around 970 CE) Seljuks= one of the first Turkish groups to migrate, converted to Sunni branch of Islam Despite conversion, still continued to fight other Muslims attacked and captured Baghdad from the Persians marched on Byzantine Empire and crushed them Within 10 years, Seljuks occupied most of Anatolia (Turkey) came close to Constantinople (New Rome) than any Arab or Persian
- 7. + Turks Secure Persian Support Seljuk rulers allowed the support of their newly conquered Persian (very wise move) Because of this, Persians were loyal supporters of the Seljuks Elected Persians as government officials Vizier= prime minister (most famous= Malik Shah)
- 8. + Persian Support most nomadic Seljuks were illiterate and were unfamiliar with Muslim traditions and customs that they had adopted Looked to the Persians for language, culture, and religious guidance Turks adopted Persian as the language of culture Shahs= Persian word for king Supported Persian artists and architects Because of the Turk’s preferences for Persian culture and language, Arabic was almost completely lost
- 9. + Seljuks Confront Crusaders and Mongols When Malik Shah died, their were no capable shahs to replace him Suljuk Empire disintegrated into a loose collection of minor kingdoms At this point, the West (Europe) launched a series of military campaigns called the Crusades
- 10. + Seljuks and the Crusaders First Crusade 1095 CE, Pope Urban II called for Christians to drive the Turks out of Anatolia and recover Jerusalem 1099 CE- Crusaders captured Jerusalem and massacred its Jewish and Muslim inhabitants Seljuk Empire gathered it’s strength under captain Saladin, and recovered Jerusalem in 1187 CE Truce sign= signed by Saladin and King of England (King Richard I), agreement gave Jerusalem to the Muslims, but granted Western pilgrims access to Christian holy places Other Crusades followed, but they were each weaker than the one before
- 11. + Seljuk Face the Mongols Mongol Army led by Genghis Khan Had already conquered China Leveled any cities in their way, slaughtering whole populations Genghis’ grandson, Hulagu, took Baghdad Because of superstitions of spilling holy blood, Hulagu had the last Abbasid caliph killed by wrapping him in a carpet and trampled to death by horses