The document discusses key events of World War 2 in Europe and Asia. It describes Germany's invasion of Poland in 1939 which marked the start of the war, as well as Germany's swift defeat of France in 1940 through the use of blitzkrieg tactics. It also discusses the Holocaust and the systematic murder of 6 million Jews by Nazi Germany. The summary ends with the Allied invasion of Normandy on D-Day in 1944 and Hitler's failed counteroffensive which marked the beginning of the end for Nazi Germany.

2.  #1 #2

3.  #3 #4

4.  #5

5.  Cartoon #1:This poster encourages everyone join
the war effort to build arms for victory
 Cartoon #2: Connection to American Rev &WW2,
if you believe that war was necessary, than so is
WW2
 Cartoon #3: Shadow/Fear of Nazis, If you don’t buy
bonds, Nazis will come for your children
 Cartoon #4:Women supporting rationing, it’s a
“patriotic” duty
 Cartoon#5: Santa telling everyone to buy war
bonds, both children and adults can understand it

6.  Great Depression  Global
Depression
 Hitler has grabbed new
territory (“living space”)
 Rhineland, Austria
Czechoslovakia, and now wants
Poland
 Why hasn’t the League of
Nations stopped him?

7.  Nonaggression Pact=
Hitler and Stalin
commit to never
attack each other, and
secretly plan to split
Poland
 1939: Hitler attacks
Poland (blitzkrieg)
 1939: FR + GB declared
war on Germany

10.  Germany storms Poland
 Germany’s newest
military strategy,
blitzkrieg, or lightning
war (fast tanks, powerful
aircraft, take enemy by
surprise and then quickly
crush the opposition)
 2 days after the attack
on Poland, Britain and
France declared war on
Germany

11.  Stalin moves troops into
Poland
 Easily annexed
Lithuania, Latvia,
Estonia (Finland fought
back)
 Finland fought back,
while the Soviets were
not prepared to fight in
the winter (skis)
 1940: Soviets eventually
win + Finland surrenders

12.  =France built a system
of fortifications along
France’s eastern
border (Maginot Line)
and waited for
Germany to
attack…andGermany
never attacked
 Sitzkrieg= “sitting
war”

13.  1940: Hitler sweeps through the Netherlands,
Belgium, and Luxembourg
 1940: German troops enter France & trapped Allied
forces; Allied forces retreated to the beaches of
DUNKIRK
 Response: GB set out to rescue the army by sending a fleet
of 850 ships to Dunkirk helping 338,000 French soldiers to
safety

14.  1940: Germans take Paris
and French leaders surrender
 Germans took control of the
north and allowed a puppet
government in the south (led
by Marshall Philippe Petain, a
French hero inWW1)
 Charles de Gaulle= French
general, set up a
government-in-exile in
London, committed to re-
conquer France

15.  “It is the bounden (obligatory)
duty of all Frenchmen who still
bear arms to continue to
struggle. For them to lay down
their arms, to evacuate any
position of military importance,
or agree to hand over any part of
French territory, however small,
to enemy control would be a
crime against our country.”
 General Charles de Gaulle (radio broadcast
from London)

16.  Winston Churchill=
British Prime Minister
 1940: Germany begins
bombing Britain
 For 2 months, Germans
bombed Britain everyday
 RAF (Britain’s Royal Air
Force) fought back and
with the help of the
radar, Germany
eventually called off
their invasion

19.  Germany turns their attention away from GB
 Hitler’s New Plan: Mediterranean area, the
Balkans, then the Soviet Union

20. Axis Forces Attack North Africa
• Hitler attacks North Africa first
& then Mussolini joined in
(alliance)
• During the Battle of Britain,
Italy attacked Egypt (Britain-
controlled)
• Both sides dug in and waited
Britain Strikes Back
• 1941: Britain fights back & Hitler
has to step in a save his ally
• Hitler sends Erwin Rommel=
Afrika Korps, his success in North
Africa earned him the nickname
“Desert Fox”

21. The War in the Balkans
• The Balkans were key to the
future attack of the USSR
• 1941: Bulgaria, Romania,
Hungary join the Axis Powers
• Yugoslavia & Greece (pro-
British governments) resisted
but both later fell
Hitler Invades the Soviets
• Operation Barbarossa= plan to
invade USSR
• June 1941: German push 500
miles inside the USSR
• Soviets burned & destroyed
everything as they retreated,
leaving nothing for the Germans
to live off of (scorched-earth
strategy)
LENINGRAD NEXT SLIDE

22.  Most Americans felt that the US
shouldn’t get involved
 Neutrality Acts= made it illegal to sell
arms or lend money to nations at war
 Lend-LeaseAct= president could lend
or lease arms and other supplies to
any country vital to the US (Response:
Hitler orders U-boats to strike)
 Atlantic Charter= Churchill & FDR joint
declaration to uphold free trade
among nations & the right of people
to choose their government

24.  H/W: Quick Review of Japan’sVictories + their
attack on Pearl Harbor (textbook 931-935)

25.  BeforeWW2
 Law &Violence
 Anti-Semitism
 Aryan vs Non-Aryan
 Blamed for misfortunes of
Germany
 Holocaust=
systematic mass
slaughter of Jews
and other groups
judged as inferior
by the Nazis

26.  Nuremberg Laws (1935)= deprived Jews of
their rights to German citizenship and
forbade marriage between Jews and non-
Jews

27.  =Kristalnacht
 Nazi storm troopers
attacked Jewish
homes, businesses,
and synagogues across
Germany
 Many were killed or
arrested
 Later, the Nazis
blamed the Jews for
the destruction

28.  “Jewish shop windows by the hundreds were
systematically…smashed…The main streets of
the city were a positive litter of shattered plate
glass.”
 American in Leipszig writing about Kristallnacht
 “All the things for which my parents had worked for eighteen long
years were destroyed in less than ten minutes. Piles of valuable
glasses, expensive furniture, linens- in short, everything was
destroyed…The Nazis left us, yelling, “Don’t try to leave this
house! We’ll be back again and take you to a concentration camp
to be shot.”
 M.I. Libau, quoted in Never to ForgetThe Jews of the Holocaust

29.  Many Jews fled and became
refugees but they had no place
to go
 France would only accept
40,000, Britain, 80,000 refugees
 Many countries feared what
would happened if they let
Jewish refugees in.
 The US let in 100,000 refugees,
but many Americans were
fearful that the immigrants
would hurt the economy more
during the Great Depression (ie:
Albert Einstein led it)

30.  Ordered all countries
under his control into
designated cities
(ghettos= segregated
Jewish areas)
 Goal of Ghettos=
starvation to death or
die from disease

31.  “Final Solution”= a policy of genocide, the
deliberate and systematic killing of an entire
population

32.  SS= Nazi death squads “secret squadrons”
 Rounded up Jewish men, woman and children
and shot them on the spot

33.  Mass murder:
slaughter, starvation
and now murder by
poison gas
 Gas Chambers: could
kill 12,000 a day
 Overwork,
starvation, beating
and bullets did not
kill fast enough

34.  “The brute Schmidt was our guard; he beat and kicked
us if he thought we were not working fast enough. He
ordered his victims to lie down and gave them 25
lashes with a whip, ordering them to count outloud. If
the victim made a mistake he was given 50 lashes…30
or 40 of us were shot every day. A doctor usually
prepared a daily list o the weakest men. During the
lunch break they were taken to a nearby grave and
shot.They were replaced the following morning by
new arrivals from the transport of the day…It was a
miracle if anyone survived for 5 or 6 months in
Belzec.”
 –Rudolf Reder

35.  When prisoners
arrived, doctors
determined whether
they were strong
enough to work or not
 Personal belongings
were collected,
promised that they
would be returned
later

36.  Weak were told to
undress and go to the
“showers” (gas chambers)
 Prisoners were even given
a bar of soap as part of
the deception
 Poisoned with cyanide
gas that came from the
vents in the walls
 Orchestras of fellow
camp inmates were
usually played during
exterminations

37.  Graves were being filled too fast
 Smell of murder
 Huge crematoriums, or ovens, to hide the evidence

38.  Shot
 Hung
 Injected with Poison
 Starved
 Gassed
 Became medical experiments. Experiments
carried by camp doctors in order to study
diseases
 Medical experiments of sterilization (to study
how to improve the “master race”)

39.  6 Million died
 Some able to live through the concentration camps
 Survivors were forever changed by what they witnessed
 “Survival is both an exalted privilege an a painful burden.”
Gerda Klein

57.  6 Million Jews died (12
million total)
 Some able to live through
the concentration camps
 Survivors were forever
changed by what they
witnessed
 “Survival is both an exalted
privilege an a painful
burden.” Gerda Klein

59.  Dwight D. Eisenhower led an invasion againstAxis
controlled North Africa (OperationTorch)

60.  Germans were attacking Soviet Union
 Stalingrad= major industrial center, and a
city that Hitler wanted to wipe out
 Citizens wanted to abandon the city, but
Stalin ordered that they defend his
namesake city no matter what
 By the next winter, Germans controlled
9/10 of the city
 During winter Soviets brought in fresh
tanks and trapped the Germans
 Starving Germans surrendered
 Soviets lost 1,100,000 soldiers (more than
the Americans in the entire war)
defending Stalingrad
 From then on, Soviets took control and
moved west

61.  Churchhill and
Roosevelt decided that
they would only accept
the unconditional
surrender of theAxis
Powers
 America wanted to
attack Germany
 Britain thought it was
safer to attack Italy

64.  3 million British,American and Canadian
troops
 Attack at Normandy in northern France
 Code Name: Operation Overlord
 June 6, 1944
 Shortly after midnight, thousands landed
 Largest land-sea-air operation in army
history

66.  German retaliation brutal,
especially on Omaha Beach
 “People were yelling,
screaming, dying, running
on the beach, equipment
was flying everywhere,
men were bleeding to
death, crawling, lying
everywhere, firing coming
from all directions…We
dropped down behind
anything that was the size
of a golf ball.” –soldier Felix
Branham

67.  =Hitler’s last ditch effort on
the offensive
 SS Germans soldiers pushed
forward
 Captured 120 GI’s and shot
them down in a huge field
 Germans lost 120,000
troops, 600 tanks and 1,600
planes-soldiers and weapons
they could not replace
 From this point on, the Nazis
could do little but retreat

68.  Soviets stormed on Berlin,
shooting on the spot or
hanging from the nearest
tree
 Hitler was in his
underground head-
quarters
 He married Eva Braun, his
longtime companion
 Wrote his last letter
blaming Jews for starting
and losing the war

69.  6 months after Pearl Harbor, the
Japanese had conquered an
empire that dwarfed Hitler’s
Third Reich
 Hong Kong, French Indochina,
Malaya, Burma,Thailand, and much
of China, Dutch East Indies, Guam,
Wake Island, Solomon Islands, and
more
 Douglas MacArthur= in
command of Allied forces on the
islands

70.  Kamikaze= suicide planes (word
means “divine winds” and refers
to a legendary typhoon that
saved Japan in 1281 from a
Mongol invasion)

71.  =Led by scientist, J.
Robert Oppenheimner
 =development of the
atomic bomb
 More than 600,000 people
were working on it, but
many did not know what
it was for (“best kept
secret of the war”)
 Tested in New Mexico in
July of 1945
 ITWORKED!

72.  Truman now faced the decision…to use the atomic
bomb or not
 US warned Japanese that it faced “prompt and utter
destruction” unless it surrendered…it did not.
 PresidentTruman choose the location of the bomb
droppings

73.  Bomber, Enola Gay, released an
atomic bomb, coded Little Boy,
over Hiroshima (Japanese
military center)
 45 seconds later, nearly every
building in Hiroshima ceased to
exist
 Japan did not surrender
 3 days later, a second bomb,
code-named, Fat Man, was
dropped on Nagasaki
 By the end of the year, 200,000
Japanese had died as a result of
injuries and radiation

76.  September 2, 1945
 Surrender
ceremonies took
place on the US
battleship Missouri in
Tokyo Bay

77.  Page 16 in your notes
 Textbook: pages 948-951