tropical regions - Sudan and Sahara types
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tropical grass land region or savanna type climate and tropical desert region or sahara type climate.
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Heat zones of the earth (2)
The document discusses the five major latitude regions of the Earth's surface divided based on climate: the North and South Frigid Zones, the North and South Temperate Zones, and the Torrid Zone. These zones were first theorized by ancient Greek philosophers and later refined over time as geographic knowledge improved. Today, the most commonly used climate classification system divides the world into five climate zones based on factors like average temperature and precipitation.
Types of Rainfall
The document discusses different types of rainfall. It explains that convectional rainfall occurs when the sun heats the earth's surface, warming the air which rises through convection. As the air rises and cools, water vapor condenses to form clouds and rain. Frontal rainfall happens when a warm air mass forces under a cold air mass, causing the warm air to rise over the cold air where it cools and condenses. Orographic rainfall is produced when warm moist air is forced upward by upland areas, expanding and cooling to produce rain.
The hot and wet equatorial region
The document summarizes the climate and geography of the hot and wet equatorial region, which extends from 100 north to 100 south of the equator. This region experiences high heat and rainfall throughout the year and is home to equatorial rainforests like the Amazon and Congo basins. These forests contain four layers - the forest floor, understory, canopy, and emergent layers - and support a rich diversity of plant and animal life. Indigenous tribes traditionally engaged in shifting agriculture, hunting, fishing and mining for subsistence, while plantation agriculture of crops like rubber, tea and cocoa was later introduced. However, the region now faces challenges of balancing economic development with environmental protection and preserving tribal ways of life.
Life in the desert
A desert is defined as a barren land area that receives little precipitation, making conditions inhospitable for most plant and animal life. Deserts cover about one third of the Earth's land and are generally divided into hot and cold categories. Cold deserts are found in places like northern China and the United States, while hot deserts exist between 15-30 degrees north and south of the equator, where sinking air leads to very dry conditions with few clouds. Deserts receive less than 250mm of rain per year and sometimes no rain at all, supporting only sparse vegetation like cacti and shrubs that have adapted to the arid climate.
Slides on life in the deserts
The document discusses life in deserts, focusing on the Sahara Desert. It describes the Sahara's climate as scorching hot with short rainy seasons and cloudless, clear skies. Temperatures during the day can reach 50 degrees Celsius while nights can drop to near zero. The oases in the Sahara support settled populations who grow crops like dates, rice, wheat, and beans using irrigation from underground water. Recent discovery of oil in countries within the Sahara has transformed the region, bringing office buildings, highways, and new jobs in the oil industry that are replacing nomadic lifestyles.
Savanna grassland
Savanna grasslands are found between tropical rainforests and deserts near the equator. They have a wet/dry climate with rain during the summer and dry conditions in the winter. A variety of plants like baobab, jarrah tree, whistling thorn, and candelabra tree grow in isolated clumps and among grasses. Animals commonly found in savannas include black mambas, emus, Grant's zebras, and koala bears.
The hot desert region
Location, Climate, Plants life, Human life, Animals life, Occupation of people and Challenges faces by the people.
Ecology of deserts
Deserts are landforms of sand and sediments. They are the cradles of centrifugal eolian forces. Among all the terrestrial ecosystems, deserts are typical landforms due to their unique ecological conditions.
Desert and near-desert areas cover nearly one-third of the land surface of the globe . Deserts alone covers about one-seventh of the land surface.
Recommended
Heat zones of the earth (2)
The document discusses the five major latitude regions of the Earth's surface divided based on climate: the North and South Frigid Zones, the North and South Temperate Zones, and the Torrid Zone. These zones were first theorized by ancient Greek philosophers and later refined over time as geographic knowledge improved. Today, the most commonly used climate classification system divides the world into five climate zones based on factors like average temperature and precipitation.
Types of Rainfall
The document discusses different types of rainfall. It explains that convectional rainfall occurs when the sun heats the earth's surface, warming the air which rises through convection. As the air rises and cools, water vapor condenses to form clouds and rain. Frontal rainfall happens when a warm air mass forces under a cold air mass, causing the warm air to rise over the cold air where it cools and condenses. Orographic rainfall is produced when warm moist air is forced upward by upland areas, expanding and cooling to produce rain.
The hot and wet equatorial region
The document summarizes the climate and geography of the hot and wet equatorial region, which extends from 100 north to 100 south of the equator. This region experiences high heat and rainfall throughout the year and is home to equatorial rainforests like the Amazon and Congo basins. These forests contain four layers - the forest floor, understory, canopy, and emergent layers - and support a rich diversity of plant and animal life. Indigenous tribes traditionally engaged in shifting agriculture, hunting, fishing and mining for subsistence, while plantation agriculture of crops like rubber, tea and cocoa was later introduced. However, the region now faces challenges of balancing economic development with environmental protection and preserving tribal ways of life.
Life in the desert
A desert is defined as a barren land area that receives little precipitation, making conditions inhospitable for most plant and animal life. Deserts cover about one third of the Earth's land and are generally divided into hot and cold categories. Cold deserts are found in places like northern China and the United States, while hot deserts exist between 15-30 degrees north and south of the equator, where sinking air leads to very dry conditions with few clouds. Deserts receive less than 250mm of rain per year and sometimes no rain at all, supporting only sparse vegetation like cacti and shrubs that have adapted to the arid climate.
Slides on life in the deserts
The document discusses life in deserts, focusing on the Sahara Desert. It describes the Sahara's climate as scorching hot with short rainy seasons and cloudless, clear skies. Temperatures during the day can reach 50 degrees Celsius while nights can drop to near zero. The oases in the Sahara support settled populations who grow crops like dates, rice, wheat, and beans using irrigation from underground water. Recent discovery of oil in countries within the Sahara has transformed the region, bringing office buildings, highways, and new jobs in the oil industry that are replacing nomadic lifestyles.
Savanna grassland
Savanna grasslands are found between tropical rainforests and deserts near the equator. They have a wet/dry climate with rain during the summer and dry conditions in the winter. A variety of plants like baobab, jarrah tree, whistling thorn, and candelabra tree grow in isolated clumps and among grasses. Animals commonly found in savannas include black mambas, emus, Grant's zebras, and koala bears.
The hot desert region
Location, Climate, Plants life, Human life, Animals life, Occupation of people and Challenges faces by the people.
Ecology of deserts
Deserts are landforms of sand and sediments. They are the cradles of centrifugal eolian forces. Among all the terrestrial ecosystems, deserts are typical landforms due to their unique ecological conditions.
Desert and near-desert areas cover nearly one-third of the land surface of the globe . Deserts alone covers about one-seventh of the land surface.
CLIMATIC ZONES
This document discusses three main climatic zones: tropical, equatorial, and temperate. It provides characteristics of each zone. The tropical zone extends from 0-23.5 degrees latitude and has very warm temperatures due to high solar radiation. The subtropics from 23.5-40 degrees receive less moisture and have deserts. The temperate zone from 40-60 degrees has cooler average temperatures and distinct seasons compared to the other zones.
Temperature zones
The document discusses factors that influence climate and defines three main temperature zones on Earth. The key factors are distance from the sea, wind direction, altitude, latitude, temperature, and rainfall. The three zones are the Torrid Zone between the Tropics which is hot and humid year-round, the Temperate Zone between the Tropics and polar circles which has distinct seasons, and the Frigid Zone near the poles which is extremely cold with snow and ice cover.
Life in deserts (class 7 geography)
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Polar climate
The document discusses the polar climate. It is located within the Arctic and Antarctic circles between 65-90 degrees north and south latitude. The polar climate is characterized by low temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius year-round, scarce precipitation, intense winds, and thick ice cover. Vegetation is limited to mosses, lichens, and small shrubs. Animal life has adapted to the harsh conditions. Human settlements are sparse but include parts of Russia, the US, Canada, Denmark and Norway. Economic activities in the region focus on oil, gas, coal, fishing and fur trading.
World climate regions
This document summarizes the major climate regions of the world. It discusses factors that influence climate such as latitude, altitude, proximity to seas, air currents and land formations. It then describes the key climatic characteristics of several climate regions including equatorial, tropical monsoon, hot desert, Mediterranean, temperate continental, Siberian, and Arctic climates. For each region it discusses location, climatic conditions such as temperature and rainfall patterns, and influencing seasonal winds.
Jet streams
The document discusses jet streams, which are narrow bands of strong wind that form in the upper atmosphere. Jet streams typically flow from west to east at speeds of up to 250 mph at altitudes between 8-16 km. They form along boundaries between hot and cold air masses, driven by pressure differences and the Coriolis effect from Earth's rotation. There are two main types of jet streams: the polar front jet at 50-60 degrees latitude and the subtropical jet at 30 degrees latitude. Jet streams play a key role in determining weather patterns and steering cyclonic storms.
Climate
Climate change is evidenced by rising global temperatures and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases over the last century. Several causes contribute to climate change, with greenhouse gases, chiefly carbon dioxide and methane from human activities like burning fossil fuels and agriculture, accounting for over 90% of current warming. General climate models predict further global temperature increases of 1.4-5.8°C by 2100 depending on emissions scenarios, with effects including more severe droughts that endanger food supply.
Life in desert
Deserts are arid regions with little vegetation that are characterized by extreme temperatures. The Sahara desert is the largest hot desert found in North Africa, covering over 8 million square kilometers across 11 countries. Temperatures in the Sahara can exceed 50°C during the day. Nomadic tribes such as the Bedouins and Tuaregs inhabit the Sahara and rely on livestock like camels for their livelihood. Ladakh is a high altitude cold desert in India with harsh winter conditions where people engage in farming during summer and festivals to pass winter months.
Climate of India
India is home to an extraordinary variety of climatic regions, ranging from tropical in the south to temperate in the Himalayan north, where elevated regions receive sustained winter snowfall. The nation's climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and The Thar Desert.Though the Tropic of Cancer—the boundary between the tropics and subtropics—passes through the middle of India, the bulk of the country can be regarded as climatically tropical.
Major natural regions of the world.
The document describes several different climate regions around the world, including their key characteristics. The hot, wet equatorial region is described as having great temperature uniformity, the heaviest rainfall on the planet, and the densest forests containing the greatest biodiversity. The monsoon region is said to have three distinct seasons and be greatly impacted by the periodic reversal of wind systems. Savanna regions are described as having the tallest grasses, being prone to fires, and containing the greatest variety of large herbivores and carnivores.
Monsoon climate
This document discusses the tropical monsoon climate, including high annual precipitation totals with over 3,000mm annually and the majority occurring in summer months. Temperatures are warm with an average annual temperature of 27.05°C and small annual temperature range of 3.6°C. The forests have a canopy layer, understory layer, and ground layer and include trees like teak and rosewoods that are mostly deciduous. This climate is classified as tropical moist under the Koppen climate classification system.
Climatic zones
The document discusses the three main climatic zones of the Earth: the Tropical Zone, Temperate Zone, and Polar Zone. It provides examples of countries located in each zone and describes some of the key climate characteristics and seasons of each zone. It also discusses the lifestyles and means of survival of nomadic peoples and Eskimos who inhabit the Polar Zone regions.
Different climatic regions of the world
The document identifies and describes the five major climate zones on Earth: tropical, temperate, polar, dry, and highland/mountain. Tropical climates occur near the equator and are characterized by warm, rainy weather year-round with temperatures around 80°F. Temperate climates occur in middle latitudes and have distinct seasons, with warm summers and cold, snowy winters. Polar climates are located near the poles and have extremely cold weather year-round. Dry and highland climates can occur in many latitudes and depend on elevation, with temperatures and plant life varying with altitude.
7_The Desert
Deserts can be hot and dry places with little rainfall, or cold and dry places. While deserts may seem barren, they support a variety of plants and animals that have adapted to the harsh conditions, such as camels that can store water and cacti with thick stems. Deserts experience large swings in temperature from day to night due to the lack of moisture in the air, but also contain oases that allow some vegetation to thrive near water sources.
Landform characterization through satellite image
This document discusses different types of landforms created by various geological processes. It describes fluvial landforms such as channels, deltas, and floodplains which are created by rivers and streams. Aeolian landforms like dunes and yardangs are formed by wind erosion, especially in desert environments. Glacial landforms include valleys, moraines, and eskers that are shaped by the movement of glaciers. Finally, marine landforms like barrier islands, deltas, and sea caves occur where ocean waves interact with coastlines. The document provides examples and images to illustrate different landforms around the world.
CLIMATIC REGIONS
The document defines climatic regions as large areas that have similar climates. It describes five main climatic regions: the equatorial region near the equator which is very hot; the tropical region between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn; the desert region outside the tropics from 20-30 degrees latitude; the temperate region between the tropics and polar circles in both hemispheres; and the polar regions north of the Arctic Circle which have short summers and long winters.
Natural vegetation and Wildlife - Class VIII
Natural vegetation includes plants that grow without human intervention. Wildlife refers to animals that live in natural habitats away from human settlements. The document describes various types of natural vegetation like forests, grasslands, and shrubs found in different parts of the world based on climate and rainfall. It also discusses the characteristic wildlife found in each vegetation type, such as tropical forests being home to monkeys, apes, and snakes, while temperate grasslands support herbivores like wild horses and antelopes.
Physical features of india
The document summarizes the major physical features of India. It discusses the country's varied terrain including the Himalayan mountains, northern plains, peninsular plateau, Indian desert, coastal plains, and islands. The Himalayas are described as having three parallel mountain ranges including the Greater Himalayas containing India's highest peaks. The northern plains are formed by large river systems and divided into the Punjab, Ganga, and Brahmaputra plains. The peninsular plateau consists of the central highlands and Deccan plateau. Smaller features mentioned include the Thar desert, Western and Eastern Ghats, and the Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep islands.
6. Early states
Around 3000 years ago, we found some changes had taken place in the ways in which rajas were chosen.
Some men were then recognised as rajas by performing very big sacrifices.
Ashvamedha or horse sacrifice was one such ritual in which a horse was let loose to wander freely and it was guarded by the raja’s men.
If the horse wandered into the kingdoms of other rajas and they stopped it, they had to fight.
If they allowed the horse to pass, it meant that they accepted that the raja who wanted to perform the sacrifice was stronger than them. These rajas were then invited to the sacrifice.
The raja who organized the sacrifice was recognised as being very powerful and all those who came brought gifts for him.
The rajas who performed big sacrifices were then recognised as being rajas of janapadas rather than janas.
The word janapada means the land where the jana set its foot and settled down.
Archaeologists have excavated a number of settlements in these janapadas such as Purana Qila in Delhi, Hastinapura near Meerut, and Atranjikhera near Etah.
Savanna grasslands
The document describes the savannah biome. Savannahs are tropical grasslands located between the equator and the tropics in Africa and South America. They have distinct wet and dry seasons and a climate with high temperatures before rains and cooler temperatures after. Vegetation includes grasses, trees like the acacia and baobab, and scrub plants. Animals and plants have adaptations like water storage to survive the long dry season. Soils are low in nutrients and red in color due to high iron content.
Major types of ecosystem
The document describes several major terrestrial ecosystems including deserts, grasslands, and forests. It identifies three main types of deserts: tropical, temperate, and cold. Grasslands are divided into tropical, temperate, and polar varieties. Forests include temperate deciduous, northern coniferous, and tropical rainforests. Specific ecosystems in the Philippines are also outlined such as dipterocarp forests, molave forests, mangrove forests and beach forests.
Africa climate and vegetation
Africa has a variety of climates and vegetation zones due to its large size and location straddling the equator. The northern part experiences hot summers while the southern part has warm summers and mild winters. Deserts cover 60% of the continent, including the Sahara and Namib deserts. Vegetation ranges from equatorial rainforests along the coast with hardwood trees, vines, and dense undergrowth, to open savannahs with tall grasses and scattered acacia trees in the tropical grasslands, and short grasses and poplar trees in the temperate grasslands. Wildlife is also diverse and includes elephants, lions, and chimpanzees in the forests, and herbivores
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CLIMATIC ZONES
This document discusses three main climatic zones: tropical, equatorial, and temperate. It provides characteristics of each zone. The tropical zone extends from 0-23.5 degrees latitude and has very warm temperatures due to high solar radiation. The subtropics from 23.5-40 degrees receive less moisture and have deserts. The temperate zone from 40-60 degrees has cooler average temperatures and distinct seasons compared to the other zones.
Temperature zones
The document discusses factors that influence climate and defines three main temperature zones on Earth. The key factors are distance from the sea, wind direction, altitude, latitude, temperature, and rainfall. The three zones are the Torrid Zone between the Tropics which is hot and humid year-round, the Temperate Zone between the Tropics and polar circles which has distinct seasons, and the Frigid Zone near the poles which is extremely cold with snow and ice cover.
Life in deserts (class 7 geography)
The document provides information about hot and cold deserts. It discusses the Sahara desert as a hot desert, describing its climate, flora and fauna, and people which include nomadic Bedouins and Tuaregs tribes. It also discusses the cold desert of Ladakh in India, describing its high altitude climate with little rainfall, sparse vegetation and wildlife including migratory birds, and its Buddhist and Muslim people including women who work in homes, fields and businesses. Tourism is also an important activity in Ladakh.
Polar climate
The document discusses the polar climate. It is located within the Arctic and Antarctic circles between 65-90 degrees north and south latitude. The polar climate is characterized by low temperatures below 0 degrees Celsius year-round, scarce precipitation, intense winds, and thick ice cover. Vegetation is limited to mosses, lichens, and small shrubs. Animal life has adapted to the harsh conditions. Human settlements are sparse but include parts of Russia, the US, Canada, Denmark and Norway. Economic activities in the region focus on oil, gas, coal, fishing and fur trading.
World climate regions
This document summarizes the major climate regions of the world. It discusses factors that influence climate such as latitude, altitude, proximity to seas, air currents and land formations. It then describes the key climatic characteristics of several climate regions including equatorial, tropical monsoon, hot desert, Mediterranean, temperate continental, Siberian, and Arctic climates. For each region it discusses location, climatic conditions such as temperature and rainfall patterns, and influencing seasonal winds.
Jet streams
The document discusses jet streams, which are narrow bands of strong wind that form in the upper atmosphere. Jet streams typically flow from west to east at speeds of up to 250 mph at altitudes between 8-16 km. They form along boundaries between hot and cold air masses, driven by pressure differences and the Coriolis effect from Earth's rotation. There are two main types of jet streams: the polar front jet at 50-60 degrees latitude and the subtropical jet at 30 degrees latitude. Jet streams play a key role in determining weather patterns and steering cyclonic storms.
Climate
Climate change is evidenced by rising global temperatures and atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases over the last century. Several causes contribute to climate change, with greenhouse gases, chiefly carbon dioxide and methane from human activities like burning fossil fuels and agriculture, accounting for over 90% of current warming. General climate models predict further global temperature increases of 1.4-5.8°C by 2100 depending on emissions scenarios, with effects including more severe droughts that endanger food supply.
Life in desert
Deserts are arid regions with little vegetation that are characterized by extreme temperatures. The Sahara desert is the largest hot desert found in North Africa, covering over 8 million square kilometers across 11 countries. Temperatures in the Sahara can exceed 50°C during the day. Nomadic tribes such as the Bedouins and Tuaregs inhabit the Sahara and rely on livestock like camels for their livelihood. Ladakh is a high altitude cold desert in India with harsh winter conditions where people engage in farming during summer and festivals to pass winter months.
Climate of India
India is home to an extraordinary variety of climatic regions, ranging from tropical in the south to temperate in the Himalayan north, where elevated regions receive sustained winter snowfall. The nation's climate is strongly influenced by the Himalayas and The Thar Desert.Though the Tropic of Cancer—the boundary between the tropics and subtropics—passes through the middle of India, the bulk of the country can be regarded as climatically tropical.
Major natural regions of the world.
The document describes several different climate regions around the world, including their key characteristics. The hot, wet equatorial region is described as having great temperature uniformity, the heaviest rainfall on the planet, and the densest forests containing the greatest biodiversity. The monsoon region is said to have three distinct seasons and be greatly impacted by the periodic reversal of wind systems. Savanna regions are described as having the tallest grasses, being prone to fires, and containing the greatest variety of large herbivores and carnivores.
Monsoon climate
This document discusses the tropical monsoon climate, including high annual precipitation totals with over 3,000mm annually and the majority occurring in summer months. Temperatures are warm with an average annual temperature of 27.05°C and small annual temperature range of 3.6°C. The forests have a canopy layer, understory layer, and ground layer and include trees like teak and rosewoods that are mostly deciduous. This climate is classified as tropical moist under the Koppen climate classification system.
Climatic zones
The document discusses the three main climatic zones of the Earth: the Tropical Zone, Temperate Zone, and Polar Zone. It provides examples of countries located in each zone and describes some of the key climate characteristics and seasons of each zone. It also discusses the lifestyles and means of survival of nomadic peoples and Eskimos who inhabit the Polar Zone regions.
Different climatic regions of the world
The document identifies and describes the five major climate zones on Earth: tropical, temperate, polar, dry, and highland/mountain. Tropical climates occur near the equator and are characterized by warm, rainy weather year-round with temperatures around 80°F. Temperate climates occur in middle latitudes and have distinct seasons, with warm summers and cold, snowy winters. Polar climates are located near the poles and have extremely cold weather year-round. Dry and highland climates can occur in many latitudes and depend on elevation, with temperatures and plant life varying with altitude.
7_The Desert
Deserts can be hot and dry places with little rainfall, or cold and dry places. While deserts may seem barren, they support a variety of plants and animals that have adapted to the harsh conditions, such as camels that can store water and cacti with thick stems. Deserts experience large swings in temperature from day to night due to the lack of moisture in the air, but also contain oases that allow some vegetation to thrive near water sources.
Landform characterization through satellite image
This document discusses different types of landforms created by various geological processes. It describes fluvial landforms such as channels, deltas, and floodplains which are created by rivers and streams. Aeolian landforms like dunes and yardangs are formed by wind erosion, especially in desert environments. Glacial landforms include valleys, moraines, and eskers that are shaped by the movement of glaciers. Finally, marine landforms like barrier islands, deltas, and sea caves occur where ocean waves interact with coastlines. The document provides examples and images to illustrate different landforms around the world.
CLIMATIC REGIONS
The document defines climatic regions as large areas that have similar climates. It describes five main climatic regions: the equatorial region near the equator which is very hot; the tropical region between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn; the desert region outside the tropics from 20-30 degrees latitude; the temperate region between the tropics and polar circles in both hemispheres; and the polar regions north of the Arctic Circle which have short summers and long winters.
Natural vegetation and Wildlife - Class VIII
Natural vegetation includes plants that grow without human intervention. Wildlife refers to animals that live in natural habitats away from human settlements. The document describes various types of natural vegetation like forests, grasslands, and shrubs found in different parts of the world based on climate and rainfall. It also discusses the characteristic wildlife found in each vegetation type, such as tropical forests being home to monkeys, apes, and snakes, while temperate grasslands support herbivores like wild horses and antelopes.
Physical features of india
The document summarizes the major physical features of India. It discusses the country's varied terrain including the Himalayan mountains, northern plains, peninsular plateau, Indian desert, coastal plains, and islands. The Himalayas are described as having three parallel mountain ranges including the Greater Himalayas containing India's highest peaks. The northern plains are formed by large river systems and divided into the Punjab, Ganga, and Brahmaputra plains. The peninsular plateau consists of the central highlands and Deccan plateau. Smaller features mentioned include the Thar desert, Western and Eastern Ghats, and the Andaman and Nicobar and Lakshadweep islands.
6. Early states
Around 3000 years ago, we found some changes had taken place in the ways in which rajas were chosen.
Some men were then recognised as rajas by performing very big sacrifices.
Ashvamedha or horse sacrifice was one such ritual in which a horse was let loose to wander freely and it was guarded by the raja’s men.
If the horse wandered into the kingdoms of other rajas and they stopped it, they had to fight.
If they allowed the horse to pass, it meant that they accepted that the raja who wanted to perform the sacrifice was stronger than them. These rajas were then invited to the sacrifice.
The raja who organized the sacrifice was recognised as being very powerful and all those who came brought gifts for him.
The rajas who performed big sacrifices were then recognised as being rajas of janapadas rather than janas.
The word janapada means the land where the jana set its foot and settled down.
Archaeologists have excavated a number of settlements in these janapadas such as Purana Qila in Delhi, Hastinapura near Meerut, and Atranjikhera near Etah.
Savanna grasslands
The document describes the savannah biome. Savannahs are tropical grasslands located between the equator and the tropics in Africa and South America. They have distinct wet and dry seasons and a climate with high temperatures before rains and cooler temperatures after. Vegetation includes grasses, trees like the acacia and baobab, and scrub plants. Animals and plants have adaptations like water storage to survive the long dry season. Soils are low in nutrients and red in color due to high iron content.
What's hot (20)
Similar to tropical regions - Sudan and Sahara types
Major types of ecosystem
The document describes several major terrestrial ecosystems including deserts, grasslands, and forests. It identifies three main types of deserts: tropical, temperate, and cold. Grasslands are divided into tropical, temperate, and polar varieties. Forests include temperate deciduous, northern coniferous, and tropical rainforests. Specific ecosystems in the Philippines are also outlined such as dipterocarp forests, molave forests, mangrove forests and beach forests.
Africa climate and vegetation
Africa has a variety of climates and vegetation zones due to its large size and location straddling the equator. The northern part experiences hot summers while the southern part has warm summers and mild winters. Deserts cover 60% of the continent, including the Sahara and Namib deserts. Vegetation ranges from equatorial rainforests along the coast with hardwood trees, vines, and dense undergrowth, to open savannahs with tall grasses and scattered acacia trees in the tropical grasslands, and short grasses and poplar trees in the temperate grasslands. Wildlife is also diverse and includes elephants, lions, and chimpanzees in the forests, and herbivores
Biomes m.sc.iii [autosaved] [autosaved]
This document defines and describes different terrestrial biomes, including taiga, tundra, desert, grasslands, chaparrals, and provides details about their climates, vegetation, and wildlife. It discusses the key characteristics of each biome such as the typical temperature and precipitation ranges, as well as the types of plants and animals found in each biome and how they have adapted to the environmental conditions.
Tropical Grasslands.pptx
Tropical grasslands, also known as savannas, are located in subtropical and tropical regions between 7 and 20 degrees north and south of the equator. Savannas cover large areas of Africa, Australia, South America, and Central America. The climate is characterized by hot, wet summers and cool, dry winters with average temperatures between 22 to 37 degrees Celsius. The rainy season occurs from May to September in the northern hemisphere and October to March in the southern hemisphere. Natural vegetation includes tall grasses and scattered short trees that are deciduous and shed leaves during the dry season. Many native people in savanna regions are pastoralists and cattle ranching is an important economic activity.
BIOMES AND THEIR DISTRIBUTION. new 3.pptx
Forests cover approximately one-third of the Earth's surface and are the largest terrestrial biome. They vary in temperature and precipitation depending on their location. Temperate forests have temperatures between -30°C to 30°C and receive evenly distributed precipitation of 75-150 cm annually. Rainforests are hot with high rainfall of 2000-10000 mm per year and have significant biodiversity. Taiga or boreal forests are cold, subarctic forests located between the tundra and temperate zones.
Geography project
The document is a geography project on natural regions of the world submitted by Vidushi Singh of class 9th A. It contains an introduction, index of topics, definitions of natural regions and climatic classification. It then provides detailed descriptions of the climate, vegetation, wildlife, and human adaptations in various natural regions including the equatorial region, tropical grasslands, tropical deserts, tropical monsoon region, Mediterranean region, temperate grasslands, taiga region and tundra. It concludes with a bibliography citing sources of information.
Science project
Temperate grasslands and tropical grasslands or savannas are the two main types of grassland biomes. Savannas are grasslands with scattered individual trees found in warm climates with seasonal rainfall and a long dry season, while temperate grasslands have hot summers and cold winters with moderate rainfall. Temperate grasslands are dominated by grasses and a few trees in river valleys, with wildflowers and nonwoody plants among the grasses. Precipitation occurs in late spring and early summer in temperate grasslands.
The Savanna Ecosystem
The document discusses the savanna ecosystem and pressures on the Sahel region of Africa. It describes the distinct wet and dry seasons in savanna climates and how plants and animals adapt. It explains how the movement of the Intertropical Convergence Zone brings seasonal rains and how the Sahel is prone to desertification due to insufficient rainfall and overgrazing of grasslands.
Interactive Powerpoint Biomes
The document provides an overview of the major biomes on Earth, including freshwater, desert, tundra, grasslands, forest, and marine biomes. It classifies and describes the characteristics of different types within each biome. For example, freshwater biomes are classified as lakes and ponds, rivers and streams, and wetlands. Desert biomes include hot and dry, semi-arid, and coastal types. Each biome type has distinctive climate conditions and plant and animal life adaptations. Resources for further information are also listed.
Natural regions of the world
NATURAL REGIONS OF THE WORLD
CLIMATE AND NATURAL REGIONS
World Climatic Types and Their Characteristics.
The world climatic types on the basis of temperature are classified into four basic types;
i. HOT CLIMATES
Is the climatic type of the world characterized by mean annual temperature which is over 21ºC and have the following natural vegetation; Equatorial Forests, Monsoon Forest and Tropical Grassland scrub e.g Equatorial, Tropical Desert, Monsoon and Marine areas.
ii.WARM CLIMATES
Is the world’s climatic type whereby no month has the temperature of less than 7ºC and have the following natural vegetation, Evergreen Woodland and Grassland Temperate Forest e.g West Margine and China Type.iii. COOL CLIMATES
Is the world’s climatic type whereby one to five month have temperature below 7ºC and have the following natural vegetation; Temperate Forest, Grasslan
world climate type n definition
1) The document discusses various climate types including cold, temperate, desert/arid, semi-arid, warm humid tropical, and the climatic factors that define them such as temperature, solar radiation, humidity, wind, and precipitation.
2) It also provides examples of locations that exemplify each climate type, such as Antarctica for cold climate and savannah regions in eastern Indonesia for a climate with little rain.
3) Additionally, it describes some of Indonesia's regional climates in more detail, including coastal and lowland, highland, mountainous, and savannah regions, noting how factors like temperature and rainfall vary in each.
Grassland Ecosystem
Grassland Ecosystem- As the name implies, grasslands are open spaces in which a variety of grasses grow, with only a few trees scattered near rivers and streams. The amount of annual rainfall influences the type of vegetation – not enough to support a forest but enough to prevent it from becoming a desert. Grasslands are found on every continent except Antarctica.
Grasslands are known in different regions of the world by different names – prairies, pampas, steppes, and savannah among others. They are divided into two types – Tropical and Temperate.
Which of the following sets of biomes is placed in order from lowest.pdf
Which of the following sets of biomes is placed in order from lowest to highest average annual
temperature?Tundra, woodland/shrubland, subtropical desertSubtropical desert, temperate
seasonal forest, tropical rain forestTropical seasonal forest, boreal forest,
woodland/shrublandTropical rain forest, temperate seasonal forest, tundra4.Which of the
following sets of biomes is placed in order from most to least biologically diverse?Boreal forest,
woodland/shrubland, tropical seasonal forestTropical rain forest, temperate seasonal forest,
tundraSubtropical desert, temperate seasonal forest, tropical rain forestTundra,
woodland/shrubland, subtropical desertWhich of the following sets of biomes is placed in order
from lowest to highest average annual temperature?Tundra, woodland/shrubland, subtropical
desertSubtropical desert, temperate seasonal forest, tropical rain forestTropical seasonal forest,
boreal forest, woodland/shrublandTropical rain forest, temperate seasonal forest, tundra
Solution
Land Biomes
These are the 8 different land biomes in order from coldest to warmest
Tundra
Tundra is the coldest of all the biomes. Tundra comes from the Finnish word tunturi, meaning
treeless plain. It is noted for its frost-molded landscapes, extremely low temperatures, little
precipitation, poor nutrients, and short growing seasons. Dead organic material functions as a
nutrient pool. The two major nutrients are nitrogen and phosphorus. Nitrogen is created by
biological fixation, and phosphorus is created by precipitation. It is also the driest biome next to
the desert.
Characteristics of tundra include:
Extremely cold climate
Low biotic diversity
Simple vegetation structure
Limitation of drainage
Short season of growth and reproduction
Energy and nutrients in the form of dead organic material
Large population oscillations
Coniferous Forest (also known as Taiga)
The Coniferous Forest is a forest of Conifers (too much to handle, isn\'t it?). A Conifer is a tree
that produces its seeds in cones. The Pine tree is the most common example. Conifer leaves
conserve water with the thick, waxy layer that covers their leaves, also known as needles. The
vegitation in the Coniferous forest is small in size, but large enough to feed the vast herbivore
population. Most of these animals survive the brutal winters by migrating or hibernating.
Average Annual Rainfall- 14-29.5 in.
Average Temperatures in the Summer- 57.2°F
Average Temperatures in the Winter- 14°F
Deciduous Forest (also known as temperate forest)
Deciduous forests can be found in the eastern half of North America, and the middle of Europe.
There are many deciduous forests in Asia. Some of the major areas that they are in are southwest
Russia, Japan, and eastern China. South America has two big areas of deciduous forests in
southern Chile and Middle East coast of Paraguay. There are deciduous forests located in New
Zealand, and southeastern Australia also.
The average annual temperature in a deciduous forest i.
Biology Project-Erika Torres
This document describes the seven major biomes of the world: tundra, taiga, temperate forest, tropical rainforest, desert, grassland, and ocean. It provides details on the location and key characteristics of each biome, including the plants and animals found in each one. The tundra biome is characterized by low temperatures and treeless plains. Taiga forests are the largest biome and have long, cold winters. Temperate forests have trees that lose their leaves in winter. Tropical rainforests have high biodiversity and rainfall. Deserts receive little precipitation, while grasslands cover large areas and support wildlife. The open ocean contains the most species diversity of any ecosystem.
DIFFERENT BIOMES HABITATES
This document defines and describes different types of biomes. It begins by defining a biome as a major community of plants and animals classified by predominant vegetation and adaptations to the environment. It then describes four main classifications of biomes: terrestrial, freshwater, marine, and anthropogenic. For each classification, it provides examples and characteristics of specific biomes within that classification, such as tundra, tropical forest, ocean, estuary, and agricultural biomes.
Biomes
This document summarizes the main biomes (regions) of the world, which include polar ice caps, tundra, forests, grasslands, deserts, and aquatic biomes. It provides details on the defining characteristics, climates, vegetation, and animals found in each biome type. Some of the specific biomes mentioned include boreal forests, taiga, temperate deciduous forests, prairies, steppes, savannas, rainforests, wetlands, estuaries, and oceans.
Grasslands ecosystem
Grasslands are ecosystems dominated by grasses rather than trees. There are two main types: temperate grasslands like the North American prairies, and savannas near the equator. Temperate grasslands have colder winters and get less rain than savannas. Both ecosystems support many large grazing animals and are important for livestock agriculture, but they are threatened by conversion to cropland and urban development. Conservation efforts include protecting wildlife, controlled burning, and preventing overgrazing.
Major biological communities
There are 7 major terrestrial biomes: tropical rainforests, savannas, taiga, tundra, deserts, temperate grasslands, and temperate forests. The two most important factors determining a biome are temperature and precipitation. Each biome has characteristic climate conditions and plant and animal communities adapted to that climate. For example, tropical rainforests have high rainfall year-round while deserts have less than 25 cm of annual precipitation.
Biosphere
The document discusses the biosphere and its major biomes. The biosphere consists of all living organisms and organic matter on Earth and is divided into biomes defined by climate and organisms. There are four primary biomes - deserts, grasslands, forests, and tundra. Deserts cover one-fifth of Earth's surface and have specialized plants and animals adapted to low rainfall. Grasslands are dominated by grasses and occur in areas with enough rain for grasses but not trees. Forests cover one-third of the planet's land and include tropical, temperate, and boreal forests. The coldest biome is the tundra, which exists as Arctic or alpine tundra with extreme temperatures and
Rainforests
Rainforests are dense forests found near the equator that receive a high amount of rainfall each year. They exist in layers from an emergent layer of tall trees reaching 70-80 meters to a forest floor layer of shorter plants 3-5 meters high. The two main types are tropical rainforests near the equator and temperate rainforests at higher latitudes. Tropical rainforests have warm, moist climates and contain a majority of the world's plant and animal species. Famous rainforests include the Amazon, Daintree in Australia, and Atsinanana in Madagascar, all of which are threatened by deforestation.
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- 3. TROPICAL GRASSLAND REGIONS or SUDAN TYPE Tropical grasslands are located near the equator, between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn Latitude - 5°N to 20 °s This region also known as savanna Distribution - They cover much of Africa as well as large areas of Australia, South America, and India
- 5. Savanna climate the word savanna region has been used by the climatologists to indicate a particular type of climate i.e., tropical wet-dry climate Annual rainfall ranges from 80 – 160 cm Annual temperature is greater than 18° C Days are hot and nights are cold The prevailing winds of the region are the Trade Winds, which bring rain to the coastal districts.
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