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Rainforests
- 1. RAINFORESTS AROUND THE WORLD By CharithaP. Roll : 41 Sec : B6
- 2. What are Rainforests? Rainforests are the Earth's oldest living ecosystems. They’re also known as the evergreen trees. A Rainforest can be described as a tall, dense jungle. Rainforests make up six percent of the earth's land surface, but produce 40 percent of its oxygen.
- 3. Why ‘Rain’ forests? The reason it is called a "rain" forest is because of the high amount of rainfall it gets per year. The rain forest is nearly self-watering. The trees in the rainforest transpire heavily. The moisture helps create the thick cloud cover that hangs over most rain forests.
- 4. Layers Emergent layer(70-80 m) Canopy layer (40-60 m) Under-storey layer (10-15 m) Forest layer (3-5 m)
- 5. Types of Rainforests There are two types of rainforests, the Tropical and the Temperate Rainforests. Tropical and temperate rainforests share certain characteristics. Both types of rainforests are rich in plant and animal species, though the diversity is greater in tropical rainforests.
- 6. Tropical Rainforests Tropicalrainforests lie in between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn which is known as the tropical region Tropical rainforests are warm and moist. The temperature here is perfectly suitable for all types of plants to grow. The most commonly found plants here are orchids.
- 7. Temperate Rainforests Theylie in the temperate region just above and below the tropic zone. The Temperate rainforests are cool, though humid. Due to a cool temperature hardwoods trees grow in this region. Trees like pine, and fir, mahogany, ferns and mosses are also found here.
- 8. Other Rainforests Montanerainforests Flooded Rainforests Mangrove Rainforests Lowland Rainforests
- 9. Climatic Conditions Theclimate of a rain forest is very hot and humid. For a rainforest to exist, there must be a warm climate, which explains why a vast majority of rainforest regions are situated on or near the equator. The average temperature of the tropical rainforest remains between 30 to 35°C and that of a temperate rainforest is about 20-25°C
- 10. Where are therainforests found? Rainforests are mostly found near the equator, also some of them are found in the temperate zone.
- 11. Plant Species Anestimated two-thirds of the world's plant species grow in the rain forest. The hot, humid climate in the world’s tropical regions provide ideal conditions for plant life. The plants in the rainforests includes flowers with special adaptations and trees with unusual root structures.
- 12. Medicinal products Tropicalrainforests have been called the “World’s largest pharmacy” There are a number of potentially useful medicinal plants growing in the rainforests. The National Cancer Institute (NCI) states that 70% of the anti-cancer plants identified so far are rain forest plants.
- 13. Animal Life 30million species of plants and animals live in “tropical” rainforests. Insects make up the majority of living creatures in the tropical rainforests. Anteaters, Giant armadillos and jaguars are the most found animals in any of the rainforests.
- 14. Famous Rainforests AmazonRainforest – Brazil Daintree Rainforest – Australia Rainforests of the Atsinanana – Madagascar The Mount Kinabalu National Park – Malaysia Cloud Forest – Ecuador
- 15. Amazon Rainforest TheAmazon Rainforest is the biggest and most famous rainforest in the world. The Amazon rainforest covers much of the Amazon Basin. This is the area that drains into the Amazon River. It is home to one fifth of the world’s bird species, and one third of the world’s plant species.
- 16. Daintree Rainforest Australia’sDaintree Rainforest is a tropical rainforest located in Queensland. Daintree Rainforest is thought to be around 135 million years old, making it older than the Amazon Rainforest. It provides a home to many of Australia’s native species. The Daintree Rainforest is known for its awesome tropical flavors and specialty foods.
- 17. Atsinanana Rainforest Atsinananarainforest is in Madagascar. It is well known for the diversity of animal species. Many of Madagascar’s endemic species are found in the Madagascan Lowland Forests. This island has Black lemurs that are unique to the island.
- 18. Deforestation At thecurrent rate of depletion, it is estimated that 5–10 percent of tropical rainforest species will be lost per decade. Rain forests are under threat largely due to slash-and-burn agriculture and timber logging. It’s long term consequence would be ‘Drought’.
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