Natural vegetation includes plants that grow without human intervention. Wildlife refers to animals that live in natural habitats away from human settlements. The document describes various types of natural vegetation like forests, grasslands, and shrubs found in different parts of the world based on climate and rainfall. It also discusses the characteristic wildlife found in each vegetation type, such as tropical forests being home to monkeys, apes, and snakes, while temperate grasslands support herbivores like wild horses and antelopes.

1. Natural
Vegetation
And Wildlife

2. Natural Vegetation: Plants which
grow on their own; without human
intervention are called natural
vegetation.
Wildlife: Animals which live in their
natural habitat; usually away from
human habitations; are called
wildlife.

3. Types of natural vegetation :
forests
grasslands
shrubs
An area of land which is
densely covered with
trees is called forest.
Depending on
temperature and rainfall
,forests can be dense
and open.
Thorny
shrubs grow
in the dry
region.
These grow in the
region of moderate
rainfall. Tall trees are
very few in
grasslands.

4. Types of forest :
 Tropical Evergreen Forest
 Tropical Deciduous Forest
 Temperate Evergreen Forest
 Temperate Deciduous Forest
 Mediterranian Forest
 Coniferous Forest
Tropical Evergreen Forest
Tropical Deciduous Forest
Temperate Evergreen Forest
Temperate Deciduous Forest
Mediterranian Forest
Coniferous Forest

5. TROPICAL FORESTS
EVERGREEN
 Forests found near the Equator (10° North to 10° South)
in Amazon & Zaire Basin and Southeast Asia.
 These regions are hot and receive heavy rainfall
throughout the year.
 The thick canopies of the closely spaced trees do not
allow the sunlight to penetrate inside the forest even in
the day time. Thus, grass is not found in these forests.
 Hardwood trees like rosewood, teak, sal, ebony, and
mahogany are the common trees found here. Here the
population found is very less. Due to dense forests
 Monkey, Ape, Birds, Hippopotamus, snake, python,
Frog, Crocodile, etc. Anaconda, world's largest snake is
also found in these areas.
DECIDUOUS
 Forests found in large part of India, Northern Australia and
in Central America.
 These regions are warm and receive rainfall less than 200
CMs.
 These regions experience seasonal changes. Trees shed
their leaves in the dry season to conserve water.
 Trees like sandalwood, teak, sal, ebony, bamboo, etc. are
the common trees found here.
 Tigers, lions, elephants, langoors and monkeys are the
common animals of these regions.

6. TEMPERATE FOREST
EVERGREEN
 These forests are also called Mixed Forests.
 Forests found in South-eastern parts of USA, Australia,
Brazil and China.
 These regions have cool winters and receive rainfall
throughout the year.
 They comprise both hard and soft wood trees like oak,
pine, eucalyptus, etc.
 They look like Tropical Forest in thickness and variety.
 Timber (wood) from these forests is used for commercial
purpose.
 Deer, Wolves, Bears, Wild Boar, Foxes, Squirrels,
Badgers, Skunks, Owls, Finches, etc. are the common
animals of these regions.
DECIDUOUS
 As we go towards higher latitudes, there are more
temperate deciduous forests. These are found in the
north eastern part of USA, China, Japan, New Zealand,
etc.
 These regions have cool winters and receive moderate
rainfall.
 Trees shed their leaves in autumn season and remain
leafless through winters. The common trees are oak, ash,
beech, etc.
 Deer, foxes, wolves are the animals commonly found.
Birds like pheasants, monals are also found here.

7. FORESTS
 MEDITERRNANIAN
 Found in areas around Mediterranean Sea, Central Chile,
South-West USA, Australia, Africa.
 These regions have hot & dry summers and mild & wet
winters.
 Mediterranean trees adapt themselves to dry summers
with the help of their thick barks and wax coated leaves
which help them reduce transpiration. Also, here the plants
have long tap roots to reach underground water, called
"Xerophytic Plants“.
 Mediterranean regions are known as Orchards of the
world' for their fruit cultivation.
 There isn't much wildlife here.
 CONIFERROUS
 These forests are also called "Taiga Forest".
 Found in the higher latitudes (50° – 70°) of Northern
hemisphere.
 These regions have cool & short summers and cold &
long winters. These forests are also seen in the higher
altitudes. Norway, Sweden, Finland, Russia and
Canada.
 Forests consist of tall, softwood evergreen trees.
 Limited species of trees are found. These trees are
evergreen and grow apart from each other.
 Trees are conical shaped with needle shaped leaves
and trees are found in large groups.
 Chir, pine, cedar are the important variety of trees in
these forests.
 Fur-bearing animals like Silver fox,
 mink, and polar bear are the common animals found
here.

8. GRASSLANDS
TROPICAL
 These grasslands are also known as "Savannas in Africa"
and "Campos in Brazil".
 Found within Tropical zone (i.e. between Tropic of Cancer
and Tropic of Capricorn).
 These regions have hot & long summers and mild & short
winters. Receives light rainfall in summers.
 The grass can grow very tall, about 3 to 4 metres in
height, which is also known as "Elephant Grass".
 Near river banks and water holes trees are found, which
are deciduous in nature, e.g. Acacia, baobab, etc.
 Lions, Tigers, Leopards, Elephants, Giraffes, Zebras, etc.
are the species of animals found here. Birds like Ostrich,
Emu, Cassowary, etc. can also be seen.
TEMPERATE
 These grasslands are also known as "Prairies in North
America", "Pampas in South America", "Downs in
Australia", "Velds in South Africa“ and "Steppes in
Europe".
 These are found in the mid- latitudinal zones and in the
interior part of the continents. Central Asia from Black
Sea to Central Russia, North Central USA and Southern
Canada, South-East Australia and Southern Africa,
Argentina.
 These regions have warm & moist summers and cold &
snowy winters.
 The grass found here is short and juicy, which is suitable
for cattle feed.
 Herbivores like Wild Ass, Antelopes, and Horses.
Kangaroos in Australia. Carnivores like Rodents and
Reptiles are also found.

9. DESERTIC SCRUBS
TROPICAL DESERTS
 Located on the western margins of the continents
between 15° – 30° North & South of Equator. Biggest
desert, Sahara in North Africa is hot desert while Ladakh
in India is cold desert.
 These regions have hot & dry summers and receive very
less rainfall.
 Plants found are very less with succulent stems, long
roots and leaves are reduced to spines.
 Nature has been very kind, at some places "Oasis" is
found in deserts with palm trees surrounding them.
 Camel is the most common animal found in these
deserts. Wild Yak, Hyena, Scorpion, fox, jackal, etc. are
also found.
TUNDRA REGIONS
 Tundra means barren land. Located in North Canada,
North Russia, North Sweden and Finland islands in Arctic
Ocean.
 These regions have long & very cold winters and very
short and cold summers.
 Trees are not found; as trees don't grow below 10° C.
Very less vegetation is found. Mosses, Lichens and some
shrubs grow here.
 Most common animal found in these area are Penguins,
Polar Bears, Musk, Ox, Wolf, etc.

10. NATURAL VEGETATION AND WILDLIFE