This document discusses different types of landforms created by various geological processes. It describes fluvial landforms such as channels, deltas, and floodplains which are created by rivers and streams. Aeolian landforms like dunes and yardangs are formed by wind erosion, especially in desert environments. Glacial landforms include valleys, moraines, and eskers that are shaped by the movement of glaciers. Finally, marine landforms like barrier islands, deltas, and sea caves occur where ocean waves interact with coastlines. The document provides examples and images to illustrate different landforms around the world.

1. Presented to : Presented by:
Prof. A.C.Pandey Swarnima Singh
(H.O.D) (CUJ/M/2017/MGI/03)

2. content
 What are landforms?
 Fluvial landform
 Aeoline landform
 Glacial landform
 Marine landform

3. What are landforms?
 A landform is a natural feature of the solid
surface of the Earth or other planetary body.
 Landforms together make up a given terrain, and
their arrangement in the landscape is known
as topography.
 Typical landforms include hills, mountains,
plateaus, canyons and valleys, as well as shoreline
features such as bays, peninsulas and seas,
including submerged features such as mid-ocean
ridges, volcanoes, and the great ocean basin.

5. Fluvial landforms
 In geography and geology, fluvial processes are associated
with rivers and streams and the deposits and landforms created by
them. When the stream or rivers are associated with glaciers, ice
sheets, or ice caps, the term glaciofluvial or fluvioglacial is used.
 Fluvial processes include the motion of
sediment and erosion or deposition on the river bed.
Deep, eroding glaciofluvial deposits
alongside the Matanuska River, Alaska

6. Fluvial landforms
1. Basin (Watershed)
2. Channel
3. Confluence
4. Cut bank
5. Crevasse splay
6. Delta
7. Esker
8. Floodplain
9. Fluvial terrace
10. Canyon (Gorge)
11. Gully
12. Island
13. Natural levee
14. Meander
15. And many more
Fluvial morphological channel features of the
study area using satellite images
Owens river south of Bishop, CA.
Google imagery

7. Aeolian landform
 Aeolian processes, also spelled eolian or æolian, pertain
to wind activity in the study of geology and weather and
specifically to the wind's ability to shape the surface of
the Earth (or other planets).
 Winds may erode, transport, and deposit materials and are
effective agents in regions with sparse vegetation, a lack of
soil moisture and a large supply of
unconsolidated sediments.
 Although water is a much more powerful eroding force
than wind, aeolian processes are important in arid
environments such as deserts.

8.  Barchan
 Blowout
 Desert pavement
 Dune
 Dreikanter
 Erg
 Dry lake
 Palsa
 Sandhill
 Ventifact
 Yardang
Figure 1. Wind-eroded ignimbrite in (top) the Cerro Galan
ignimbrite, northwestern Argentina, and (bottom) the Puripicar
ignimbrite (4.2 Ma), northern Chile. The wind-eroded ridges in the
Puripicar ignimbrite formed before the lava in the upper right
corner of the image was deposited. This lava has been dated at 0.8
Ma.

9. Glacial landforms
 Glacial landforms are landforms created by the action
of glaciers.
 Most of today's glacial landforms were created by the
movement of large ice sheets during the Quaternary
glaciations.
 Some areas, like Fennoscandia and the southern Andes,
have extensive occurrences of glacial landforms; other
areas, such as the Sahara, display very old fossil glacial
landforms.

10.  Cirque: Starting location for mountain glaciers
 Cirque stairway: a sequence of cirques
 U-shaped or trough valley: U-shaped valleys are created by mountain glaciers.
When filled with ocean water so as to create an inlet, these valleys are
called fjords
 Arête: spiky high land between two glaciers, if the glacial action erodes
through, a spillway (or col) forms.
 Valley step: an abrupt change in the longitudinal slope of a glacial valley
 Esker: Built up bed of a subglacial stream.
 Kame: Irregularly shaped mound.
 Moraine: Feature can be terminal (at the end of a glacier), lateral (along the
sides of a glacier), or medial (formed by the emerger of lateral moraines from
contributary glaciers).
 Outwash fan: Braided stream flowing from the front end of a glacier.
 Glacial Lake: A lake that formed between the front of a glacier and the last
recessional moraine.

11. This false-color satellite image shows the Gangotri Glacier. Over
the last 25 years, Gangotri glacier has retreated more than 850
meters (930 yards), with a recession of 76 meters (83 yards) from
1996 to 1999 alone. —Credit: NASA image by Jesse Allen, NASA
Earth Observatory; based on data provided by the ASTER Science
Team. Glacier retreat boundaries courtesy the Land Processes
Distributed Active Archive Center.

12. Marine landforms
 Coastal or marine process occur where waves break on
a shore,noy only on ocean/sea coasts but also on
lakes/ponds.

13.  Spits
 Barrier island
 Deltas
 Sea caves
 Sea stack
 Sea arch
Ganges Delta, India and Bangladesh – PlanetSAT Global
satellite image