Here you find the information about Transistors. And know about
-> Type Of Transistor:
->Region of Transistor:
->P-N Junction Diodes
->Transistor application
->Transistor Connections
Limitation:
->Future of transistor:
The study of the basics of electronics can be studied through the link http://bit.ly/2PPv0mv
The transistor is a semiconductor device with three connections, capable of amplification in addition to rectification
Here you find the information about Transistors. And know about
-> Type Of Transistor:
->Region of Transistor:
->P-N Junction Diodes
->Transistor application
->Transistor Connections
Limitation:
->Future of transistor:
The study of the basics of electronics can be studied through the link http://bit.ly/2PPv0mv
The transistor is a semiconductor device with three connections, capable of amplification in addition to rectification
Introduction to operational Amplifier. For A2 level physics (CIE). Discusses characteristics of op amp, inverting and non inverting amplifier, and voltage follower, and transfer characetristics, virtual earth , etc
Diodes and its application encapsulate the different characteristics of different type of diodes. Also, define its different biases and how it works.
It provides shortcut method in analyzing Clamper and clipper.
At the end of the powerpoint, there has a review question to answer with answer key provided.
Power point presentation on Intergrated Circuits.
A good presentation cover all topics.
For any other type of ppt's or pdf's to be created on demand contact -dhawalm8@gmail.com
mob. no-7023419969
I made this presentation for you , I hope its useful for you all, and I hate Plagiarism please, I also used some slides here but I mentioned all in the last slide :)
Hope you can get benefits from it
Formation of PNP / NPN junctions, energy band diagram; transistor mechanism and principle of transistors, CE, CB, CC configuration, transistor characteristics: cut-off active and saturation mode, transistor action, injection efficiency, base transport factor and current amplification factors for CB and CE modes. Biasing and Bias stability: calculation of stability factor
Type of all_kind_of_diode.zenzer_diode_p-n_junction_diode_pin_diode_led_diode...Robioul Hasan
Type of all_kind_of_diode.zenzer_diode_p-n_junction_diode_pin_diode_led_diode_tunnel_diode_vractor_diode_schottky_diode_photo_diode_avalanche_diode_laser_diode
Introduction to operational Amplifier. For A2 level physics (CIE). Discusses characteristics of op amp, inverting and non inverting amplifier, and voltage follower, and transfer characetristics, virtual earth , etc
Diodes and its application encapsulate the different characteristics of different type of diodes. Also, define its different biases and how it works.
It provides shortcut method in analyzing Clamper and clipper.
At the end of the powerpoint, there has a review question to answer with answer key provided.
Power point presentation on Intergrated Circuits.
A good presentation cover all topics.
For any other type of ppt's or pdf's to be created on demand contact -dhawalm8@gmail.com
mob. no-7023419969
I made this presentation for you , I hope its useful for you all, and I hate Plagiarism please, I also used some slides here but I mentioned all in the last slide :)
Hope you can get benefits from it
Formation of PNP / NPN junctions, energy band diagram; transistor mechanism and principle of transistors, CE, CB, CC configuration, transistor characteristics: cut-off active and saturation mode, transistor action, injection efficiency, base transport factor and current amplification factors for CB and CE modes. Biasing and Bias stability: calculation of stability factor
Type of all_kind_of_diode.zenzer_diode_p-n_junction_diode_pin_diode_led_diode...Robioul Hasan
Type of all_kind_of_diode.zenzer_diode_p-n_junction_diode_pin_diode_led_diode_tunnel_diode_vractor_diode_schottky_diode_photo_diode_avalanche_diode_laser_diode
Institute of cell phone solutions has a high potential of certainty in training and marketing. To endorse the high quality standards Chennai cell phone service has taken a first step to hit its target economically. ICS(Institute of cell phone solutions) highly focuses its aspect on different kinds of training service. We are scheduled with Cell phone service hardware & software, Computer hardware, Smartphone service.
Visit us@http://chennaicellphoneservice.com
THIS IS A POWER POINT PRESENTATION ON THE ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS, INDUCTORS AND SMPS WHICH ARE IN PRESENT IN A COMPUTER. THIS PPT DISCUSSES THE WORKING AND USAGE OF THESE ELECTRONIC COMPONENTS
Every year, more than 300 deaths and 4000 injuries are recorded as a result of workplace electrical hazard. Find out, all you need to know about workplace hazards and basic electrical safety practices.
REVIEW PAPER ON NEW TECHNOLOGY BASED NANOSCALE TRANSISTORmsejjournal
Owing to the fact that MOSFETs can be effortlessly assimilated into ICs, they have become the heart of the
growing semiconductor industry. The need to procure low power dissipation, high operating speed and
small size requires the scaling down of these devices. This fully serves the Moore’s Law. But scaling down
comes with its own drawbacks which can be substantiated as the Short Channel Effect. The working of the
device deteriorates owing to SCE. In this paper, the problems of device downsizing as well as how the use
of SED based devices prove to be a better solution to device downsizing has been presented. As such the
study of Short Channel effects as well as the issues associated with a nanoMOSFET is provided. The study
of the properties of several Quantum dot materials and how to choose the best material depending on the
observation of clear Coulomb blockade is done. Specifically, a study of a graphene single electron
transistor is reviewed. Also a theoretical explanation to a model designed to tune the movement of
electrons with the help of a quantum wire has been presented.
REVIEW PAPER ON NEW TECHNOLOGY BASED NANOSCALE TRANSISTORmsejjournal
Owing to the fact that MOSFETs can be effortlessly assimilated into ICs, they have become the heart of the
growing semiconductor industry. The need to procure low power dissipation, high operating speed and
small size requires the scaling down of these devices. This fully serves the Moore’s Law. But scaling down
comes with its own drawbacks which can be substantiated as the Short Channel Effect. The working of the
device deteriorates owing to SCE. In this paper, the problems of device downsizing as well as how the use
of SED based devices prove to be a better solution to device downsizing has been presented. As such the
study of Short Channel effects as well as the issues associated with a nanoMOSFET is provided. The study
of the properties of several Quantum dot materials and how to choose the best material depending on the
observation of clear Coulomb blockade is done. Specifically, a study of a graphene single electron
transistor is reviewed. Also a theoretical explanation to a model designed to tune the movement of
electrons with the help of a quantum wire has been presented.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Harnessing WebAssembly for Real-time Stateless Streaming PipelinesChristina Lin
Traditionally, dealing with real-time data pipelines has involved significant overhead, even for straightforward tasks like data transformation or masking. However, in this talk, we’ll venture into the dynamic realm of WebAssembly (WASM) and discover how it can revolutionize the creation of stateless streaming pipelines within a Kafka (Redpanda) broker. These pipelines are adept at managing low-latency, high-data-volume scenarios.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
Using recycled concrete aggregates (RCA) for pavements is crucial to achieving sustainability. Implementing RCA for new pavement can minimize carbon footprint, conserve natural resources, reduce harmful emissions, and lower life cycle costs. Compared to natural aggregate (NA), RCA pavement has fewer comprehensive studies and sustainability assessments.
4. What is a Transistor?
Semiconductors: ability to change from
conductor to insulator
Can either allow current or prohibit
current to flow
Useful as a switch, but also as an
amplifier
Essential part of many technological
advances
6. The Transistor is Born
Bell Labs (1947): Bardeen,
Brattain, and Shockley
Originally made of
germanium
Current transistors made of
doped silicon
8. How Transistors Work
Doping: adding small amounts of other
elements to create additional protons or
electrons
P-Type: dopants lack a fourth valence
electron (Boron, Aluminum)
N-Type: dopants have an additional (5th)
valence electron (Phosphorus, Arsenic)
Importance: Current only flows from P
to N
9. DOPING
The addition of a small amount
of a different substance to a
pure semiconductor crystal.
The impurities give an excess of
conducting electrons or an
excess of conducting holes
which is crucial for making a
working transistor.
10. TYPES OF TRANSISTOR
Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT)
Field-Effect Transistor (FET)
Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET)
Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistor
(MOSFET)
11. Junction Field Effect Transistor
(JFET)
The field-effect transistor
(FET) controls the current
between two points but
does so differently than the
bipolar transistor.
The FET operates by the
effects of an electric field.
This is why the FET is
sometimes called a
unipolar transistor.
12. JFET Properties
Cut-off voltage is varying
for each JFET0.3V – 10V
N-Channel – Negative
VGS
P-Channel – Positive VGS
Internal Capacitance
Do not Forward Bias
JFET – burn out
13. Metal oxide semiconductor field effect
transistor(MOSFET)
The most common field effect transistor in both
digital and analog circuits.
Uses channel of n or p-type semiconductor,
named NMOSFET and PMOSFET, respectively.
14. SILICON ON INSULATOR (SOI)
For high-frequency circuits
(about 5 GHz) capacitive
coupling to the Si substrate
limits the switching
frequency.
These problems are being
avoided by making circuits
on insulating substrates
that have a thin,
approximately 100 nm
layer of crystalline silicon
15. APPLICATION
In integrated circuits, the desirable properties of
MOSFETs allowed them to capture nearly all market
share for digital circuits.
Discrete MOSFETs can be applied in transistor
applications, including analog circuit.
16. MEDICAL APPLICATION
There is great interest in
constructing nano electronic
devices that could detect the
concentrations of bio molecules
A parallel line of research seeks
to create nano electronic devices
which could interact with single
cells for use in basic biological
research.
These devices are called nano
sensors.
20. USING IN COMPUTER
Transistors have continued to get smaller and
smaller.
For instance, each memory location in a
computer has a pair of transistors, and there are 16
of them for each byte of memory.
21. COMPUTER MEMORY
Normally, a junction transistor is "off" when there is no
base current and switches to "on" when the base current
flows. That means it takes an electric current to switch
the transistor on or off.
This kind of arrangement is known as a flip-flop
22. ADVANTAGE & LIMITATION
ADVANTAGE;
Lower power dissipation and generally greater energy
efficiency.
Low operating voltages compatible with batteries of
only a few cells
LIMITATION;
Silicon transistors can age and fail
Sensitivity to radiation and cosmic rays