In biology, transcription is the first step in the process of gene expression, in which the information stored in DNA is copied into a complementary RNA molecule. The process of transcription occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells and in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells. The transcription process starts when the enzyme RNA polymerase recognizes a specific DNA sequence, called a promoter, which indicates the starting point of transcription. RNA polymerase then unwinds the double helix of the DNA molecule and uses one strand as a template to synthesize a complementary RNA molecule. During transcription, RNA polymerase adds nucleotides, the building blocks of RNA, to the 3' end of the RNA molecule, following the base-pairing rules of A-U and C-G. The newly synthesized RNA molecule is called a primary transcript, which may undergo further processing, including splicing and capping, to form a mature RNA molecule. In eukaryotes, the mature RNA molecule is usually transported out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm, where it can be translated into a protein. In prokaryotes, the RNA molecule can be translated immediately into a protein without leaving the cytoplasm. Transcription is a complex process that is regulated by various factors, including DNA-binding proteins and small regulatory RNA molecules, to ensure that the correct genes are expressed at the appropriate times and in the appropriate cells.

1. transcripition

2. outline defination
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3. defination:
In biology, transcription refers to the process of
copying genetic information from DNA to RNA. The
transcription process involves the formation of a
complementary RNA molecule, known as
messenger RNA (mRNA), which carries the genetic
information from the DNA to the ribosome, the
cellular site of protein synthesis.

4. 01
initiation
Initiation is the first step in the
process of transcription in
biology. It is the process by which
the RNA polymerase enzyme
recognizes the start site of a gene
and begins synthesizing the
complementary RNA molecule.
02
enlongation
Elongation is the second step in
the process of transcription,
following initiation. It refers to the
process of synthesizing the
complementary RNA molecule
from the DNA template. During
elongation, the RNA polymerase
enzyme moves along the DNA
strand, adding nucleotides to the
03
termination
Termination is the final step in the
process of transcription in
biology. It refers to the process by
which the RNA polymerase
enzyme stops synthesizing the
complementary RNA molecule
and releases it from the DNA
template.
Process
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5. intiation
The initiation of transcription involves several
steps, including the binding of the RNA polymerase
to the DNA molecule and the recognition of the
promoter region, which is a specific sequence of
DNA that signals the start site of the gene. The RNA
polymerase then unwinds the DNA double helix
and begins synthesizing the RNA molecule.

6. enlongation
Elongation is the second step in the process of
transcription, following initiation. It refers to the
process of synthesizing the complementary RNA
molecule from the DNA template. During
elongation, the RNA polymerase enzyme moves
along the DNA strand, adding nucleotides to the
growing RNA molecule.

7. termination
Termination is the final step in the process of
transcription in biology. It refers to the process by
which the RNA polymerase enzyme stops
synthesizing the complementary RNA molecule
and releases it from the DNA template.
Termination of transcription occurs when the RNA
polymer

8. diagram Brief Description

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