This is a review of the Status of Sanitation in West Bengal and its plan to achieve ODF by 2 October 2019

1. Swachh
Bharat
Mission
Mission
Nirmal
Bangla

2. Sanitation Coverage in West Bengal
Census-2011 NSSO 2012 BLS data
Households having
access to sanitation
48.7% 60.3% 55.31
Post Baseline Coverage
2013-14 (MPR) 2014-15 Present access %
6.08 lakh 8.47 lakh 64.91%
Rate of yearly
increment (in last two
years)- 4.7%
Required rate of
increment in next 5
years- 9.59%
Required numbers
(Annually) :10.6 lakh

3. Achievement during 2014-15 and year-wise
planning till 2 Oct-2019:IHHL
•8.47 lakh IHHL
•Households without toilet as on 1/4/2015:
53.22 lakh
•Year-wise planning for 2019:
•2015-16: 12 lakh
•2016-17: 12 lakh
•2017-18:12 lakh
•2018-19: 12 lakh
•2019-20: 5.22 lakh

4. •Not counting toilets, but making villages ‘Open
Defecation Free’; reducing child mortality,
morbidity
•Focus of communication to shift from
individuals to the community
•From subsidy driven advocacy to community
triggering
•Subsidy to households, however, continues and
a combination of individual subsidy and
community incentive introduced
Present policy shifts

5. Highlights of the State Strategy and Action Plan
• The timeline of the Mission in tune with the National timeline of
achieving ODF by 2 October 2019
• Accelerated efforts to create enabling institutions and processes
by December 2017 so that the remaining period may be utilized for
sustaining the initiative
• Nadia district achieved complete coverage and in the final process
of ODF declaration (declared by the Honble Chief Minister on 30
April itself)
• Hooghly, Purba Medinipur, North 24 Parganas fast moving
towards ODF (to be ODF by March 2016)
• Activities stepped up in Burdwan and Howrah (to achieve ODF
status by March 2017)
• Very good examples of community processes in Birbhum, Malda
and Coochbehar districts (also expected to be ODF by March 17)

6. Highlights of the State Strategy and Action Plan
• Creative mix of using the RSM/ PC and using the
community for direct purchase of the materials and
constructing the toilets through skilled masons
• Extensive Mason trainings
• Support organisations with appropriate financial support
for community mobilization and triggering
• A specific and comprehensive Media Plan for community
mobilization
• Community triggering - the main pillar of activities,
especially in the low coverage areas
• Extensive training to develop local level motivators and
facilitators for the community processes

7. Highlights of the State Strategy and Action Plan
• Extensive use of the field functionaries of the Health &
Family Welfare and the Child Development Departments
• Use of faith-based leaders, IMA and other CBO/ NGO
• SHGs and their Clusters and Federations to be extensively
used for multiple activities including working as Supply
Chain, monitoring of construction and usage, BCC/ IPC
and even for triggering, where capacitated
• School teachers and students to be used through
targeted interventions. Students encouraged to work as
harbingers of sanitation messages
• Efforts to bring about corporate funding under CSR to fill
up critical gaps

8. Some Critical Issues
1. The Scale of Funding
• In next five years, the country needs close to Rs. 2.50 lakh
crore for the Mission
• West Bengal alone will require Rs.12000 crore, Rs.2200
crore annually
• Changing the cost sharing pattern from the present 75:25
might make it extremely difficult for the states to provide
resources, especially for the states with huge numbers to
cover
• Corporate funding is yet to take concrete shape and the
priorities are often different

9. 2. The Issue of Baseline Survey (BLS)
• When we talk of community saturation and ODF, our efforts
cannot be limited due to a BLS conducted when the approach
was more construction driven
• When we are going for ODF, substantial households are found
to be left out of the Survey and thus cannot be covered
• In Nadia district alone (which is now ODF) we had to construct
close to 39000 toilets for households outside the BLS
• Flexibility is essentially required. The states are to be given
flexibility to revise the baseline figures, strictly on the basis on
community feedback during triggering and other community
processes
Some Critical Issues

10. 3. The issue of defunct toilets
• Toilets constructed during TSC, with low level of investment
have completed their shelf life
• Due to very low level of funding those were often not fit for
long term use and people went back to open defecation
• If BPL/ Restricted APL households having defunct/
dysfunctional toilets are not covered again, ODF will remain a
dream
• In West Bengal alone, we have around 18 lakh such
dysfunctional toilets
• If providing second incentive is an issue, MGNREGA
resources may be constructively used to address this
problem. Instead of separately taking an entire GP,
MGNREGA may contribute towards filling this critical gap
Some Critical Issues

11. 4. Flexible and higher cost norms for Community
Sanitary Complexes and Solid & Liquid Waste
Management Programme
• Cost norm is presently restricted to Rs.2.00 lakh only for CSC
whereas a complete decent unit costs a little above Rs.3.50
lakh
• For SLWM, the present norm is suitable to smaller Gram
Panchayats
• For 500+ households it is Rs. 20.00 lakh per GP
• For States like Kerala, West Bengal having substantially larger GPs
with 4000+ households the norm is restrictive and may be revised
on per Household basis
Some Critical Issues

12. 5. Continued support post-ODF
• ODF is not just about construction
• It is about Behavior Change which requires sustained IEC/
BCC interventions post saturation
• Present IEC/ BCC/ Capacity Building/ Admin fund is designed
as percentage of fund spent on construction only
• No fund support for activities once the construction phase is
over
• This may lead to relapses to Open Defecation
• Actually sustained IEC/ BCC is a must to ensure that the social
norms are attuned to cleaner environment through sustained
ODF status
Some Critical Issues

13. Intensive Advocacy, Inter-
personal Communication
and Social Mobilization to
change behavior in favor
of Open Defecation Free
(ODF) West Bengal

14. The Journey towards Open Defecation Free
(Nirmal) West Bengal

17. Communication materials developed

18. Logo of the State Mission
(Mission Nirmal Bangla)

19. Pledge
scroll

20. Pledge
leaflet

21. Hoarding, banner

22. Pledge
standee

23. Launch event gate

24. Media folder

25. Pledge sticker

26. Poster:
market
place

27. Poster:
AWC

28. Poster:
College,
Cinemas

29. Poster:
market
place

30. Poster:
AWC/
PHC/
Sanitary
Mart

31. Poster,
school
Badge

32. Wall painting: panchayat /BDO offices

33. Wall painting: road-side

34. Wall painting: bus shelter/market place

35. Wall painting: village

36. Wall painting: AWC/PHC/ S Mart

37. Wall painting: AWC/PHC

38. Standees

39. Van

40. Kiosk at fair

41. Snakes & Ladder Game

42. Child-badge

43. New toilet letter

44. New toilet certificate

45. New toilet house marking

46. Toilet leaflet: Side A

47. Toilet leaflet: Side B

48. Name/address will
be separately labeled
Envelope

49. Banner for community events

50. Wall
hanger
at
Panchayat/
BDO
Offices

51. Picture story book

52. Picture story book: opening pages

53. Flash card

54. Flash
Card

55. Flash
Card

56. Flash
Card

57. Flash
Card

58. Flash
Card

59. Flash
Card

60. For
Motivator

61. School Sanitation Picture Book

62. School Sanitation Picture Book: opening pages

63. School
Activity
Book
Cover

64. School Activity Book Cover:
opening pages