Rural Development Infrastructure Projects and its impact

1. Rural Development Infrastructure
Projects of India
By Shyam Rathod
M. A Local Governance and Development
Rajiv Gandhi National Inst of Youth Development

2. Where are we now?
• Freedom fighters and present leaders say-
India Lies in its villages.
• Is it?
• As per 2011 census, Out of 45.36 Cr migrants-
68% are rural people.
Every minute 30 people migrate to urban
areas

3. Cont
• Indian Agriculture is in crisis due to multiple concerns
1. Drop in water table
2. Market Infrastructure
3. Lack of Storage facilities
4. Improper Crop Insurance
5. Soil Erosion etc.
6. Lack of awareness
12000 farmers committed suicide per year from past 3 years i.e 2014
Since 1995 over 3lakh farmers committed suicide
Khanauri barrage of the Bhakra canal- Punjab

4. Cont
• Health-
1. The frail nature of rural India’s health system has
observed several recently.
2. Weak Medical Infrastructure
3. CAG audit found that 50% of the PHCs in rural areas
did not have a doctor
4. 13 states have significant level of vacancies
5. Basic facilities in the form of health sub-centres,
PHCs and CHCs met only half the need in Bihar,
Jharkhand, Sikkim, Uttarakhand and West Bengal

5. Cont
• Rural Education
As per Annual Status of Education Report(ASER) 2015-
1. Significant section of students class 1 to 8 – class 2 book
2. Overall 19% can read ( 7% UP, 38% Kerala, 45% H.P, 41 M’tra)
3. Class 1 and 2 not able to do 2 digit subtraction
4. Drop out rate is increasing
Majority of the schools are having only 2-3 teachers at primary
school level
Lack of basic infrastructure

6. Cont
Road Facilities
- Many rural villages don’t have proper roads
- No urban-rural road link
Employment Facilities
-There are hardly any employment generation
programmes in villages
Electricity
Various other problems

7. How to Develop Rural India
Infrastructure+
Awareness
Improves
Education,
Skill,Health,
Agriculture
Employment
,Economical
Activities
To Build
To Improve
To Generate

8. Five Year Plans
• 1st Five Year Plan- Concentrated on transport,
communication, irrigation
• But Later five year didn’t emphasize
• 4th Five year-Green Rev 5th – Garibi Hatao
• 6th Five year plan –reiterated need of massive
in rural infrastructure
• 8th ,9th, 10th re-emphasized rural Inf dev as
main element for emp generation
• 11th, 12th –Sustainable path

9. Govt of India Projects for Rural Infrastructure
1. Bharat Nirman:
• Infrastructure in the sustenance of economic
growth- GoI launched it in 2005 as a time bound
business plan for 4years(2005-09).
• Mainly emphasised 6 components- Irrigation, DW,
Electrification, roads, housing, rural telephony
Support of PPP- for immediate execution.
• As the set objectives of 4year plan not fulfilled it
further extended.
• Under this- PMGSY, IAY, NRDWP, several other
projects

10. 2. Accelerated Irrigation Benefit
Project
• Launched in 1996-97- for accelerating irrigation projects/multi
purpose projects
• It extended loan assistance to State Govts to Irrigation
projects
• Up to 31 December 2014, the Central Government has
released a whopping Rs. 67195 Crore as central loan /grant on
this scheme.
• According to papers, this has resulted in creation of 85 Lakh
hectare potential.
• Now the project name has been changed to PMKSY in 2015.
• The funding of the PMKSY will be shared 60:40 between the
Centre and the States (90:10 for the 8 NE States and 3
Himalayan States).

11. Cont
• PMKSY has amalgamated ongoing schemes-IWMP,
OFWM, River Dev and Ganga Rejuvenation
• Allocated Rs. 50000 Cr for implementation of
projects for 2015-20
• For AIBP- Rs. 1000Cr allocated in 2015-16

12. 3. Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutkaran Yojna
• For enhancing rural electricity -2005-06
• Objective: To provide electricity to all households in 4years
• The Scheme is funded 90% by Central government and 10%
by Rural Electrification Corporation (REC).
• The scheme envisaged capital subsidy for setting up of rural
electricity infrastructure- can reach expectations of
Agriculture and other activities-SME, KVIC,Cold Storage,
irrigation pumpsets.
• Capital Subsidy of Rs. 35,447 Cr would be needed to cont prog
including Rs. 12,849 Cr towards spillover works
• The Scheme was replaced by DDUGJY- July 27 2015 and
guaranteed 24X7 electricity to rural areas by March 2019
• The Ministry of Power has launched a new app, GARV-II app
to provide real-time data of all six lakh villages of the country.

13. 4. Pradhan Manthri Gram Sadak Yojana
• Launched in 2000 as a 100per central subsidy to have
all weather roads in rural areas.
• 73 Km of roads avg/day in 2011-14, Now 113 km
Avg/day 2016-17.
• Rs. 19000 Cr has been allocated to connect 65,000
eligible habitations by 2019

14. Indira Awaas Yojana
• Since 1985-86 to help build or upgrade homes to households below the
poverty line
• Financial assistance for construction of a new house is Rs.70,000/- in plain
areas and Rs.75,000/- in hilly/difficult/IAP areas.
• To impart transparency to the selection process of beneficiaries, a
'permanent waitlist' was prepared under IAY.
• At local level, Village Panchayat or its equivalent will implement
• Toilet will be mandatory under IAY
• Now its name changed to Pradhan Manthri Gramin Awaas Yojana in 2017
• Aim of the Scheme is to construct 1cr Homes in next 3 years- 33 lakh in
2016, 33.5 in 2017, 33.5 in 2018-19
• The beneficiaries are choose as per SECC 2011

15. Swarnjayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana
• Self employment programme for the rural poor.
• The assisted families (Swarozgaris) may be individuals or
groups (SelfHelp Groups).
• Emphasis is on the group approach
• To bring the assisted poor families above the poverty line
by providing them income generating assets through a mix
of bank credits and government subsidy.
• Organization of poor into Self-Help Groups and taking care
of training, credit, technology infrastructure and marketing.
• Implemented by the District Rural Development Agencies
(DRDAs) with the active participation of Banks, the line
Departments, and NGO’s

16. MGNREGA
• Launched in 2005- to ensure 100 days work/financial year for
one of every household
• Since April 2014, The rate of completion of work has been
declining indicating that crucial assets for villages are not
getting created
• Due to this 10 million work has been not provided.
• Budget 2017 has provided highest ever budget Rs.48000 Cr

17. Change of Scheme names

18. References
• https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/energ
y/power/will-ensure-24x7
• http://iasscore.in/pdf/yojna/03%20-
%20GOVERNMENT%20PROGRAMMES.pdf
• http://nrega.nic.in/netnrega/homestciti.aspx?state_co
de=26
• http://www.downtoearth.org.in/news/india-s-criminal-
wastage-over-10-million-works-under-mgnrega-
incomplete-or-abandoned-58877
• http://www.pradhanmantriyojana.in/pradhan-mantri-
gramin-aawas-yojana-pmgay/
• http://omms.nic.in/