This document proposes a model-based framework for developing engineering tool-chains that support cyber-physical systems modeling and simulation. It presents the SPIT framework, which takes a systems approach to support MBSE tool-chain development. The framework addresses functionalities of MBSE tool-chains from a systems engineering perspective. Demo tool-chains are developed to support co-simulation of CPS using MBSE. Future work includes extending tool integration languages to formalize co-simulation tool-chains and analyzing the functional dynamics of MBSE enterprise transitioning.

1. Towards a Model-based Framework for Development of
Engineering Tool-chains
Supporting Cyber-physical Systems Modeling and Simulation
Jinzhi Lu, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology
Supervised by Prof. Martin Törngren
& Associate Prof. Dejiu Chen
KTH-Royal Institute of Technology

2. DDaattaa
Model
Tool
Tool DDaattaa
Data
Electronics System Design
Software
Safety
Project manager
Maintenance
Training
Quality
IT
Test
MechanicalSystem
Subsystems
…
Standards
Process
Business model
Efficiency
E-mail Meeting
Document-Based
Information
Knowledge
Challenges of CPS Design

3. CONTENTS
01Motivations and Goals
WHY
02 Research and Papers
WHAT
03Implementation & Demo
HOW
04Evaluation and Future Works
HOW WELL

4. Part 1
WHY
Including
Questionnaire Survey
Literature Survey

5. DDaattaa
Model
Tool
Tool DDaattaa
Data
Electronics System Design
Software
Safety
Project manager
Maintenance
Training
Quality
IT
Test
MechanicalSystem
Subsystems
…
Standards
Process
Business model
Efficiency
E-mail Meeting
Document-Based
Information
Knowledge
1
Challenges of CPS Design

6. 2
Challenges of Tool-chain Development
Examples of tool-chains
Stakeholders
Viewpoints
Techniques
Tool
Model Flow
Data Flow
Model-based
approach
Process Tool-chain!
Model-based approach Requirements Definition
and Analysis Process
System Engineer（propulsion） Thrust and specific
impulse. Techniques:
static modelling and
calculation, requirement
modelling.

7. Tool –chain of
simulation and
system design
Industrial
Practices
Model-based
System
Engineering
Co-simulation
HLA
FMI
Tool-integration
OSLC
Investigation of MBSE transitioning
’SPIT’ Framework
Domain Specified Modeling
Model-driven technology
MBSE Engineering Platform
3
Proposed Approach
System Engineering
Web-based platform

8. 54.55%
Of 44 Responders use MBSE.
Questionnaire Survey
{
43% Aerospace
{
11% DoD
{
11% Automotive
{
9% Tool suppliers
{
26% Others
Solutions for integrated simulation
platform(Multi)
Proprietory co-simulation
platform
Commercial tools for co-
simulation
Modelica
Integrated simulation basde
on commercial tools
Co-simulation solutions based
on HLA
Co-simulation solutions based
on FMI
Others
56.8%
38.6%
4.55%
Completeness of tool integration
50%
13%
10%
30.56%
13.89%
25%
11.11%
2.78%
4

9. Literature Review
28 26
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
journals of AAIA conferences of AIAA
Scope
PS: AAIA: The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
control system design
7%
embedded system
including software and
hardware
33%
health management
design
7%
system
design,simulation &
optimization
17%
systems of system
design
2%
uncertainty evaluation
2%
structural sizing and
design
10%
microprocessor design
3%
network modeling
3%
3d environment
visulization and data
mining
2%
flight mechanics and
control system design
3%
critical systems
evaluation
2%
integrated modular
avionics design
4%
aerodynamics and
structure design
4%
autonomous system
design
1%
Functionalities of MBSE Tool-chains
5

10. Contributions
5
First, this framework addresses the
functionalities of MBSE tool-chains from a
systems engineering perspective.
Secondly, the developed MBSE tool-chain
promises to support CPS modeling and
simulation with better interoperability and
integrated capability, - a capability to integrate
existing engineering tools and system
development platform.
Support MBSE tool-chains development
Support Co-simulation by using MBSE
tool-chains

11. Part 2
WHAT
Including
Research Questions
Research Method
Papers

12. Mo1
Motivation
RQ1What are the challenges and potential benefits to adopt MBSE
tool-chains for CPS modeling and simulation?
RQ1:In current industry, traditional
document-based approaches are
widely used which challenge and
hinder MBSE application.
Research Questions
Mo2
Motivation
How can MBSE tool-chains supporting CPS modeling and
simulation be developed in a systematic way to satisfy the
demand of tool-chains’ functionalities?
RQ2:The investigation of the state-of-the-
art MBSE tool-chains includes domain
specific modeling, simulation and
tools. All of them have specific
purposes, stakeholders and system in
mind.
The challenges MBSE tool-chain
developers face are related to the
identification of the primary
functionalities and the best practices
tool-chains for their users.
The development of MBSE tool-chains could be formalized
and described by the use of systems engineering methods
and model-based techniques.
HYP
6

13. Mo3
Motivation
How can co-simulations be supported by using an MBSE tool-
chain in order to deal with the challenges: process management,
model integration, tool interoperability, and information and
lifecycle management?
RQ3:
analysis
Co-simulation is proposed as one
approach to integrated system
verification and validation with multi-
disciplinary collaborative and concurrent
design.
However, co-simulation can also set
additional challenges to the process
management , model integration, tool
interoperability, and information and
lifecycle management.
Research Questions
Mo4 Motivation How can the functional dynamics of MBSE be analyzed in order
to support its enterprise transitioning?
RQ4:
Though MBSE has been proposed by
different industries and domains to deal
with increasing product complexities,
when industries implement its
enterprise transitioning, problems and
obstacles hinder MBSE usages. The transitioning of MBSE could be analyzed by the analogy
to biology evolution.
HYP
7

14. Research Method
https://oladoyinbello.wordpress.com/2014/07/05/soft-systems-methodologythe-key-to-structured-systems-analysis-today/
Case study and Problem Solving Methodology
http://rcswww.urz.tu-
dresden.de/~kersten/BIT/presentation%20case%20study%20and%20problem%20so
lving.pdf
Questionnaires
Literature Review
8

15. 1. <<Research of model-based
aeroengine control system design
structure and workflow
>>, APISAT2014
10% 30% 55%
￥30万 ￥30万
2017
2016
2015.9
Publications
2014.9
2. <<A Model-driven and Tool-integration Framework
for Whole Vehicle Co-simulation Environments >>,
ERTS2 2016
3. <<An Investigation of Model-Based Design
Framework for Aero-Engine Control Systems >>,
Proceedings of the 2015 Chinese Intelligent Systems
Conference
1. <<A Model-driven and Tool-integration Framework for
CPS>> , presentation in 11th MODPROD Workshop on
Model-Based Product Development.
2. <<Towards An MBSE Tool-chain
Supporting Automated Co-simulation of
Cyber-physical System>>, (under review )
Models 2017 conference
1. <<An Investigation of Functionalities of
Future Tool-chain for Aerospace
Industry>>, INCOSE IS 2017
1. <<Towards A Model-driven and Tool-
integration Framework for MBSE Tool-
chain Development>>, technical report
2. <<Towards A Model-driven and Tool-
integrated Tool-chain for Aero-engine
Simulation Automation>> , technical report
3. <<Extend Tool Integration Language to
Formalize Co-simulation Tool-chains>>,
technical report (on going)
9
2. <<Research of tool-coupling based
electro-hydraulic system
development method>>, IEMI2015

16. Part 3
HOW
Including
SPIT Framework
SPIRIT Framework
Tool-chain Demos

17. Co-simulation
State-of-the-art
Tool-chains
MBSE
Industrial
Practices
HLA
FMI
CERTI
JCERTI
PITCH…
Commercial tools…
FMI 1.0
FMI 2.0
JFMI
DSM
SE
IEEE1473
System thinking
ISO15288
INCOSE handbook
AP2633
BPMN
SysML
MetaEdit+
UML
Ontology
STEP AP233
SSP
Tool integration
Linked data
OSLC Netural data
Exechange Meta model-based
tool integration
Tool-based
integration
Process management
and process Engine
BPM Camunda
Aero-engine
Vehicle
Advanced
Research
projects

18. In social layer, it concentrates on functionality about MBSE
tool-chain’s human machine interface and the network of
its users: Policies, Standards& Specification, Culture, human
machine interface…
In process layer, it concentrates on functionality
about target product development process:
Design Process Management and Control…
In information layer, it concentrates on functionality about
target product systems and its IT system requirement:
• Requirement, architecture, verification and validation…
• Tool integration, data flow, service representation, service
orchestration…
Technical layer, it concentrates on functionality about
technical resources in MBSE tool-chains: model, data, tool,
configuration …
SPIT Framework
SPIT Framework Supporting MBSE Tool-chain Development
10

19. SPIT Framework
A System Thinking Approach Supporting MBSE Tool-chain Development
11

20. SPIT Framework
A System Thinking Approach Supporting MBSE Tool-chain Development
12
Examples

21. SPIRIT Framework
Extend SPIT Framework to SPIRIT Framework
14

22. SPIRIT Framework
Viewpoints in the SPIRIT Framework
15

23. SPIRIT Framework
A SPIRIT Framework Supporting MBSE Tool-chains
17

24. Demo1

25. Tool-chain Demos 1
A specific MBSE tool-chains Supporting Aero-engine Simulation
18

26. Tool-chain Demos 1
Workflow Supporting Aero-engine Simulation
19

27. Tool-chain Demos 1
Workflow Supporting Aero-engine Simulation
20

28. Demo2

29. Tool-chain Demos 2
A Model-based Approach Supporting Co-simulation of CPS
21

30. Tool-chain Demos 2
21

31. Part 4
HOW WELL
Including
Evaluation
Future works

32. We compared the generated codes for aero-engine simulation automation and
maunually implemented code for aero-engine simulation
In Tool-chain Demo 1Demos 1Evaluation
0
96
190
7325 7611
1049
4010
594
17974
3190
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
Ontology Simlink
Operations
Project
implementations
OSLC service
generation
Human Input
Comparisons with Automation and Manual Code
Manual code
Automation
Generating code automatically
Implementing code manually
7611
Total codes of
simulation automation
23627
Total codes of
Implementing code manually
22
(Lines of code)

33. Future works 1. Extend TIL Supporting MBSE
Tool-chain Development1
Evaluate extended
TIL and specification
by using case studies
of co-simulation tool-
chains.
23
Cited from (KTH M. Biehl, “A
Modeling Language for the
Description and Development of
Tool Chains for Embedded
Systems,”, doctoral thesis, 2013.

34. 1
2
3
4
Design a complete DSL which could formalize all the
design activities in the whole co-simulation process.
Extend the semantics of ontology to represent all the
design information generated from DSL.
Design a complete service orchestration which could
support service management for the whole co-simulation.
process.
Construct a more accurate co-simulation platform in order
to make co-simulation execution more robust.
Future works 2. Extend an MBSE Tool-chain
Supporting CPS Co-simulation1
What’s more, another key task for
further work is the larger scale
evaluation and validation of our
proposed approach.
Aero-engine control system,
prognostic health management
system and autobreaking system in
intelligent traffic system would be
used to evaluate MBSE tool-chain.
24
Open discussion

35. Future works 3. Analyze Functional Dynamics
Of MBSE Enterprise Transitioning1
https://bcooper.wordpress.com/2017/03/12/darwins-theory-of-evolution/
Documents/e-mail
Management
Expert
Review
Engineering
RequirementCustomer
Scope/plan
Prioritize
Gather
Resources
Build Refine
Review
Publish
K
n
o
w
le
d
ge
A
sse
t
Documents/e-mail
Management
Expert
Review
Engineering
RequirementCustomer
Scope/plan
Prioritize
Gather
Resources
Build Refine
Review
Publish
K
n
o
w
le
d
ge
A
sse
t
Model
Model
Repository
MODEL
model
model
model
model
model
model
model
DBSE MBSE
- <<Defense Space Application of MBSE - Closing the Culture Chasms>>
1
Analyze functional dynamics of MBSE
enterprise transitioning by using
analog to biology evolution.
2
Design DSM to describe MBSE
enterprise transitioning.
3
Adopt Bayesian and Markov chain to
model and analyze the functional
dynamics of MBSE enterprise transitioning
by using DSM and quantitative approaches
along with the growth of stakeholder’s
working experience.
25

36. Tool –chain of
simulation and
system design
Industrial
Practices
Model-based
System
Engineering
Co-simulation
HLA
FMI
Tool-integration
OSLC
Investigation of MBSE transitioning
’SPIT’ Framework
Domain Specified Modeling
and System Engineering
Model-driven technology
MBSE Engineering Platform
36
Thank you!!!!!!!!