Top Cited Articles - International Journal of Distributed and Parallel systems (IJDPS)

TToopp CCiitteedd AArrttiicclleess
International Journal of Distributed and Parallel
systems (IJDPS)
ISSN : 0976 - 9757 [Online] ; 2229 - 3957 [Print]
http://airccse.org/journal/ijdps/ijdps.html

Citation Count – 278
MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING
Tayebeh Mosavi Miangah1
and Amin Nezarat2
1
English Language Department, Payame Noor University, Yazd, Iran
2
Information Technology Department, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
ABSTRACT
The main characteristics of mobile learning (m-learning) are recognized as the potential for
learning process to be personalized, spontaneous, informal and ubiquitous. Although learning
through mobile phones may take longer time compared to computers, the learners feel a greater
sense of freedom of time and place, so that they can take the advantage of spare time to learn a
second language when and where they are. Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL) deals
with the use of mobile technology in language learning. In contrast to classroom learning, in
MALL there is no need for the learners to sit in a classroom or at a computer to get learning
materials. In fact, MALL can be considered an ideal solution to language learning barriers in
terms of time and place. In this paper by looking at some applications of m-learning as well as
some examples across various aspects of it, we observe the advantages and disadvantages
derived from using mobile technologies for students as well as professionals. Here, it has been
tried to demonstrate the benefits of using mobile phones in learning English as a second
language. Areas of mobile-based language learning discussed in this paper are vocabulary,
listening, grammar, phonetics, and reading comprehension.
KEYWORDS
e-learning, mobile-assisted language learning, mobile technology, second language learning,
wireless communication
For More Details : http://airccse.org/journal/ijdps/papers/0112ijdps26.pdf
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/ijdps/current2012.html

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MOBILE LEARNING (M-LEARNING) AND EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENTS
Mohamed Sarrab1
, Laila Elgamel2
, Hamza Aldabbas2
1
Communication and Information Research,Center, Sultan Qaboos University,Al-Khodh
Muscat,123,Sultanate of Oman
2
Software Technology Research Laboratory, De Montfort University, LE1 9BH, Leicester, UK
ABSTRACT
Mobile devices show a dramatic departure from old-fashion of computing platforms as they no
more represent a static or fixed notion of context, where changes are small, absent, or
predictable. With this dramatic departure, the expansion and continued evolution of modern
mobile devices an opportunity has arisen for much more comprehensive integration of these
modern devices into educational environments. Mobile learning is a new research area, that has
become an emerging tool for our education system. The mobile learning can be used to enhance
the overall learning experience of our students and teachers. This paper discusses the background
of mobile learning and how it can be used to enhance the whole eLearning system. The paper
presents the M-learning approach as the next generation of eLearning, whereas the next
generation of the learning systems will provide easy access and widely available to all who wish
to be part of it. The paper also highlights the benefits and future challenges of mobile learning in
our educational environments.
KEYWORDS
Mobile Learning, eLearning, Educational Environments.

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AUTHORS
Dr. Mohamed Sarrab has Ph.D. in Computer Science from De Montfort
University 2011. He received his B.Sc. in computer science from 7th April
University Libya and also received M.Sc in Computer Science from VSB
Technical University of Ostrava Czech Republic. His main research
interests are Mobile Applications, M-learning, Computer security, Runtime
Verification, Computer forensic.
Eng. Laila Elgamel has M.Sc. in Software Engineering from De Montfort University 2011. She
received her B.Sc. in computer science from 7th April University Libya a. Her main research
interests are Mobile Applications, M-learning, Software Engineering.
Eng. Hamza Aldabbas has M.Sc in computer science from Al-Balqa’a
Applied University-Jordan. And B.Sc. in Computer Information System
from the same university. His research interests are Human-computer
interaction, E-commerce, E-government and M-Learning.

SURVEY ON QOEQOS CORRELATION MODELS FORMULTIMEDIA SERVICES
Mohammed Alreshoodi1
and John Woods2
1
School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, UK
2
School of Computer Science and Electronic Engineering, University of Essex, UK
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a brief review of some existing correlation models which attempt to map
Quality of Service (QoS) to Quality of Experience (QoE) for multimedia services. The term QoS
refers to deterministic network behaviour, so that data can be transported with a minimum of
packet loss, delay and maximum bandwidth. QoE is a subjective measure that involves human
dimensions; it ties together user perception, expectations, and experience of the application and
network performance. The Holy Grail of subjective measurement is to predict it from the
objective measurements; in other words predict QoE from a given set of QoS parameters or vice
versa. Whilst there are many quality models for multimedia, most of them are only partial
solutions to predicting QoE from a given QoS. This contribution analyses a number of previous
attempts and optimisation techniquesthat can reliably compute the weighting coefficients for the
QoS/QoE mapping.
KEYWORDS
QoE, QoS, Perceived Quality, Quality Metrics.

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EMBEDDED SYSTEM FOR HAZARDOUS GAS DETECTION AND ALERTING
V.Ramya1
, B. Palaniappan2
1
Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India.
2
Dean, FEAT, Head, Department of CSE, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, India.
ABSTRACT
Safety plays a major role in today’s world and it is necessary that good safety systems are to be
implemented in places of education and work. This work modifies the existing safety model
installed in industries and this system also be used in homes and offices. The main objective of
the work is designing microcontroller based toxic gas detecting and alerting system. The
hazardous gases like LPG and propane were sensed and displayed each and every second in the
LCD display. If these gases exceed the normal level then an alarm is generated immediately and
also an alert message (SMS) is sent to the authorized person through the GSM. The advantage
of this automated detection and alerting system over the manual method is that it offers quick
response time and accurate detection of an emergency and in turn leading faster diffusion of the
critical situation.
KEYWORDS
Air pollution Monitoring, gas sensors, GSM module, wireless networks.

REFERENCES
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DATA MINING SYSTEM AND APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW
Mr. S. P. Deshpande1
and Dr. V. M. Thakare2
1
Department of MCA, D.C.P.E, H.V.P.Mandal Amravati, India
2
Post Graduate Deptt. of Computer Science,SGB, Amravati University, Amravati, India
ABSTRACT
In the Information Technology era information plays vital role in every sphere of the
human life. It is very important to gather data from different data sources, store and
maintain the data, generate information, generate knowledge and disseminate data,
information and knowledge to every stakeholder. Due to vast use of computers and
electronics devices and tremendous growth in computing power and storage capacity,
there is explosive growth in data collection. The storing of the data in data warehouse
enables entire enterprise to access a reliable current database. To analyze this vast amount
of data and drawing fruitful conclusions and inferences it needs the special tools called
data mining tools. This paper gives overview of the data mining systems and some of its
applications.
KEYWORDS
Data mining system architecture, Data mining application
Volume Link : http://airccse.org/journal/ijdps/curissue.html

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PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF AODV, DSDV AND DSR IN MANETS
Akshai Aggarwal1
, Savita Gandhi2
, Nirbhay Chaubey3
1
Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
2
Department of Computer Science, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
3
Department of Computer Science, Institute of Science and Technology for Advanced Studies
and Research, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India
ABSTRACT
Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are considered as a new paradigm of infrastructure-less
mobile wireless communication systems. MANETs are being widely studied and it is the
technology that is attracting a large variety of applications. Routing in MANETs is considered a
challenging task due to the unpredictable changes in the network topology, resulting from the
random and frequent movement of the nodes and due to the absence of any centralized control
[1][2]. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of reactive routing protocols, Ad hoc On
demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) and proactive routing
protocol Destination Sequenced Distance Vector (DSDV). The major goal of this study is to
analyze the performance of well known MANETs routing protocol in high mobility case under
low, medium and high density scenario. Unlike military applications, most of the other
applications of MANETs require moderate to high mobility. Hence it becomes important to
study the impact of high mobility on the performance of these routing protocols. The
performance is analyzed with respect to Average End-to-End Delay, Normalized Routing Load
(NRL), Packet Delivery Fraction (PDF) and Throughput. Simulation results verify that AODV
gives better performance as compared to DSR and DSDV.
KEYWORDS
MANETs, Routing Protocols, AODV, DSDV, DSR, NS-2.

REFERENCES
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http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/tutorial/

[15] Network Simulator - 2 (NS-2) http://mohit.ueuo.com/NS-2.html
AUTHORS
Akshai Aggarwal (MIEEE’1966, SMIEEE’1992) is working as
Vice Chancellor, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad,
India. Before joining as the Vice-Chancellor, he was working as
the Director of School of Computer Science, University of
Windsor, Canada. He worked as Professor and Head of
Department of Compu ter Science at Gujarat University for about
10 years. Before that he was Professor and Head, Department of
EE at M.S.University of Baroda. He was Chairman of IEEE India Council for two years.
He initiated IEEE activities in Gujarat by starting the first IEEE Student Branch at
M.S.University of Baroda. Later he initiated the establishment of the Student Branch at
Gujarat University. He was also the founder Chairman of IEEE Gujarat Section, the IEEE
Computer Society Chapter and the IEEE Joint Chapter of Industry Applications, Industrial
Electronics and Power Electronics. The Section conducted two International Conferences
and one national Seminar during his Chairmanship. He graduated with a B.Sc.(EE) from
Punjab Engg College and studied at MS University of Baroda for his Master’s and
Doctoral work.
Savita Gandhi (MIEEE’ 2003 SMIEEE’ 2005) is Professor &
Head at the Department of Computer Science, Gujarat University
and Joint Director, K.S. School of Business Management, Gujarat
University. She is with Gujarat University for about 20 years.
Before that she has worked with M.S. University of Baroda,
Department of Mathematics for about 10 years. She has been
actively associated with IEEE activities at Gujarat Section. She is M.Sc. (Mathematics),
Ph.D (Mathematics) and A.A.S.I.(Associate Member of Actuarial Society of India by the
virtue of having completed the "A" group examinations comprising six subjects conducted
by Institute of Actuaries , London). She was awarded Gold Medal for standing first class
first securing 93% marks in M.Sc. and several prizes at M.Sc. as well as B.Sc.
Examinations for obtaining highest marks.
Nirbhay Chaubey (SIEEE’ 2002 MIEEE’ 2004) is working as an
Assistant Professor of Computer Science at Institute of Science and
Technology for Advanced Studies and Research, Vallabh
Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India. Currently, he is pursuing Ph.D in
Computer Science at Department of Computer Science, Gujarat
University, Ahmedabad, India. He has been involved in IEEE
activities since 1994. His position held for IEEE Gujarat Section include Executive
Secretary (1998-2005), Treasurer (2005-2006), Secretary and Treasurer (2007) and
Treasurer for year 2008 onwards. He graduated from Ranchi Unviersity, Ranchi, and
Master in Computer Applications from Madurai Kamraj University, Madurai, India of
Baroda for his Master’s and Doctoral work.

A REVIEW ON ROUTING PROTOCOLS FOR APPLICATION IN WIRELESS SENSOR
NETWORKS
Neha Rathi1
, Jyoti Saraswat2
and Partha Pratim Bhattacharya3
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Faculty of Engineering and
Technology Mody Institute of Technology & Science (Deemed University) Lakshmangarh,
Dist. Sikar, Rajasthan, Pin – 332311, India
ABSTRACT
Wireless sensor networks are harshly restricted by storage capacity, energy and computing
power. So it is essential to design effective and energy aware protocol in order to enhance the
network lifetime. In this paper, a review on routing protocol in WSNs is carried out which are
classified as data-centric, hierarchical and location based depending on the network structure.
Then some of the multipath routing protocols which are widely used in WSNs to improve
network performance are also discussed. Advantages and disadvantages of each routing
algorithm are discussed thereafter. Furthermore, this paper compares and summarizes the
performances of routing protocols.
KEYWORDS
Wireless sensor networks, nodes, energy-aware routing, routing protocols, network structure

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Efficient Geocast Routing Protocol”, International Journal of Wireless & Mobile
Networks (IJWMN), Vol. 4, No. 1, February 2012.
[28]. M. Radi, B. Dezfouli and K. A. Bakar, “Multipath Routing in Wireless Sensor
Networks: Survey andResearch Challenges”,Sensors, Jan 2012.
[29] Lou, “An Efficient N-to-1 Multipath Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks”,
Proceedings of the 2nd IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-hoc and Sensor
System(MASS ’05), Washington, DC, USA, 7–10 November 2005, pp. 672–680.
[30] Felemban, Lee and C.G., Ekici, “ MMSPEED: Multipath Multi-SPEED Protocol for
QoS Guarantee of Reliability and Timeliness in Wireless Sensor Network”, IEEE Trans.
MobileComput. 2006, 5,pp. 738–754.
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2003; pp. 46–55.
[32] Woo, Culler, D. Taming , “The Underlying Challenges of Reliable Multihop Routing
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NetworkedSensor Systems, Los Angeles, CA, USA, 5–7 November 2003; pp. 14–27.
[33] Ganesan, Govindan, Shenker, Estrin, D, “ Highly-Resilient, Energy-Efficient
Multipath Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks”, Mobile Comput. Commun.Rev. 2001,
pp.11–25.
[34] R. Vidhyapriya, “Energy Aware Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks”, Signal
Processing, Communication and Networking, pp. 545-550, Feb. 2007.
AUTHORS
NehaRathi was born in India on 16 July,1987. She received her B. Tech
degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from Uttar
Pradesh Technical Univers ity, India in 2010 and currently is a M. Tech
(Signal Processing) student in Mody Institute of Technology and Science
(Deemed University), Rajasthan, India.

JyotiSaraswat was born in India on November 26,1987. She received her
B.Tech degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from
Modi Institute of Engin eering and Technology, Rajasthan University,
India in 2010and currently is a M. Tech (Signal Processing) studentin
ModyInstitute of Technology and Science (Deemed University),
Rajasthan, India.
Dr. ParthaPratim Bhattacharya was born in India on January 3, 1971. He
has 15 years of experience in teaching and research. He served many
reputed educational Institutes in India in various positions starting from
Lecturer to Professor and Principal. At present he is working as
Professor in Department of Electronics and Communicati on
Engineering in the Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Mody
Institute of Technology and Science (Deemed University), Rajasthan,
India. He worked on Microwave devices and systems and mobile cellular communication
systems. He has published a good number of papers in refereed journals and conferences.
His present research interest includes wireless sensor networks, mobile communication
and cognitive radio.
Dr. Bhattacharya is a member of The Institution of Electronics and
TelecommunicationEngineers, India and The Institution of Engineers, India. He is the
recipient of Young Scientist Awardfrom International Union of Radio Science in 2005. He
is working as the chief editor, editorial boardmember and reviewer in many reputed
journals.

A STUDY ON ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
Monica R Mundada1
, Savan Kiran1
, Shivanand Khobanna1
, Raja Nahusha Varsha1
and Seira
Ann George1
1
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology,
Bangalore
ABSTRACT
A wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of low cost, low power, small in size and multi
functional sensor nodes. Routing protocols in WSNs emphasize on data dissemination, limited
battery power and bandwidth constraints in order to facilitate efficient working of the network,
thereby increasing the lifetime of the network. Routing protocols in WSNs are also application
specific which has led to the development of a variety of protocols. Based on the underlying
network structure, routing techniques can be classified into three categories: data-centric,
hierarchical and location based routing. WSN has a design trade-off between energy and
communication overhead which forms the nerve center of the routing techniques. In this paper
we present a survey of state-of-the-art routing techniques in WSNs under all the three
categories. We epitomize these routing techniques and bring out the advantages and
disadvantages followed by their application domain. The paper concludes with issues open for
research.
KEYWORDS
Wireless Sensor Networks, Routing Protocols, Energy Efficient Protocols, Data-Centric
protocols, Hierarchical Protocols and Location Based Protocols.

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CURRENT STUDIES ON INTRUSION DETECTION SYSTEM, GENETIC ALGORITHM AND
FUZZY LOGIC
Mostaque Md. Morshedur Hassan
LCB College, Maligaon, Guwahati, Assam, India
ABSTRACT
Nowadays Intrusion Detection System (IDS) which is increasingly a key element of system
security is used to identify the malicious activities in a computer system or network. There are
different approaches being employed in intrusion detection systems, but unluckily each of the
technique so far is not entirely ideal. The prediction process may produce false alarms in many
anomaly based intrusion detection systems. With the concept of fuzzy logic, the false alarm rate
in establishing intrusive activities can be reduced. A set of efficient fuzzy rules can be used to
define the normal and abnormal behaviors in a computer network. Therefore some strategy is
needed for best promising security to monitor the anomalous behavior in computer network. In
this paper I present a few research papers regarding the foundations of intrusion detection
systems, the methodologies and good fuzzy classifiers using genetic algorithm which are the
focus of current development efforts and the solution of the problem of Intrusion Detection
System to offer a realworld view of intrusion detection. Ultimately, a discussion of the
upcoming technologies and various methodologies which promise to improve the capability of
computer systems to detect intrusions is offered.
KEYWORDS
Intrusion Detection System (IDS), Anomaly based intrusion detection, Genetic algorithm,
Fuzzy logic

REFERENCES
[1] J. Gomez & D. Dasgupta, (2002) “Evolving Fuzzy Classifiers for Intrusion Detection”, IEEE
Proceedings of the IEEE Workshop on Information Assurance, United States Military Academy,
West Point, NY.
[2] R. H. Gong, M. Zulkernine & P. Abolmaesumi, (2005) “A Software Implementation of a
Genetic Algorithm Based Approach to Network Intrusion Detection”, Proceedings of the Sixth
International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence, Networking and
Parallel/Distributed Computing and First ACIS International Workshop on Self-Assembling
Wireless Networks.
[3] T. Xia, G. Qu, S. Hariri & M. Yousif, (2005) “An Efficient Network Intrusion Detection
Method Based on Information Theory and Genetic Algorithm”, Proceedings of the 24th IEEE
International Performance Computing and Communications Conference, Phoenix, AZ, USA.
[4] Yao, J. T., S.L. Zhao & L.V. Saxton, (2005) “A Study On Fuzzy Intrusion Detection”, In
Proceedings of the Data Mining, Intrusion Detection, Information Assurance, And Data
Networks Security, SPIE, Vol. 5812, Orlando, Florida, USA , pp. 23-30.
[5] B. Abdullah, I. Abd-alghafar, Gouda I. Salama & A. Abd-alhafez, (2009) “Performance
Evaluation of a Genetic Algorithm Based Approach to Network Intrusion Detection System”,
13th International Conference on Aerospace Sciences and Aviation Technology (ASAT), May
26-28.
[6] Hemanta K. Baruah, (2011) “Towards Forming A Field Of Fuzzy Sets”, International Journal
of Energy, Information and Communications (IJEIC), Vol. 2, Issue 1, February, pp. 16-20.
[7] Hemanta K. Baruah, (2011) “The Theory of Fuzzy Sets: Beliefs and Realities”, International
Journal of Energy, Information and Communications (IJEIC), Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp. 1-22.
[8] Tridiv Jyoti Neog & Dushmanta Kumar Sut, (2011) “Complement of an Extended Fuzzy
Set”, International Journal of Computer Applications (IJCA), Vol. 29-No.3, September, pp. 39-
45.
[9] Zadeh L A, (1965) “Fuzzy Sets”, Information and Control, Vol.8, pp. 338-353.
[10] Y. Dhanalakshmi & Dr. I. Ramesh Babu, (2008) “Intrusion Detection Using Data Mining
Along Fuzzy Logic and Genetic Algorithms”, International Journal of Computer Science and
Network Security (IJCSNS), Vol.8, No.2, February, pp. 27-32.
[11] W. Lu & I. Traore, (2004) “Detecting New Forms of Network Intrusion Using Genetic
Programming”, Computational Intelligence, vol. 20, pp. 3, Blackwell Publishing, Malden, pp.
475-494.

[12] Mohammad Sazzadul Hoque, Md. Abdul Mukit & Md. Abu Naser Bikas, (2012) “An
Implementation of Intrusion Detection System using Genetic Algorithm”, International Journal
of Network Security and Its Applications (IJNSA),Vol.4, No.2, March, pp. 109-120.
[13] W. Li, (2004) “A Genetic Algorithm Approach to Network Intrusion Detection”, SANS
Institute, USA.
[14] A. Sung & S. Mukkamala, (2003) “Identifying important features for intrusion detection
using support vector machines and neural networks”, in Symposium on Applications and the
Internet, pp.209– 216.
[15 J. P. Planquart, “Application of Neural Networks to Intrusion Detection”, SANS Institute
Reading Room.
[16] R. G. Bace, (2000) “Intrusion Detection”, Macmillan Technical Publishing.
[17] S. Kumar & E. Spafford, (1995) “A Software architecture to Support Misuse Intrusion
Detection”, in the 18th National Information Security Conference, pp. 194-204.
[18] K. Ilgun, R. Kemmerer & P. A. Porras, (1995) “State Transition Analysis: A Rule-Based
Intrusion Detection Approach”, IEEE Transaction on Software Engineering, pp. 181-199.
[19] S. Kumar, (1995) “Classification and Detection of Computer Intrusions”, Purdue
University.
[20] V. Bobor, (2006) “Efficient Intrusion Detection System Architecture Based on Neural
Networks and Genetic Algorithms”, Department of Computer and Systems Sciences, Stockholm
University/Royal Institute of Technology, KTH/DSV.
[21] KDD-CUP (99) Task Description; http://kdd.ics.uci.edu/databases/kddcup99/task.html
[22] KDD Cup (1999): Tasks;
http://www.kdd.org/kddcup/index.php?section=1999&method=task
[23] KDD Cup (1999): Data;
http://www.kdd.org/kddcup/index.php?section=1999&method=data
[24] H. G. Kayacık, A. N. Zincir-Heywood & M. I. Heywood, (2005) “Selecting Features for
Intrusion Detection: A Feature Relevance Analysis on KDD 99 Intrusion Detection Datasets”.
[25] G. Folino, C. Pizzuti & G. Spezzano, (2005) “GP Ensemble for Distributed Intrusion
Detection Systems”, ICAPR, pp. 54-62.

AUTHORS
Mostaque Md. Morshedur Hassan Mostaque Md. Morshedur Hassan is a
senior Assistant Professor of Computer Science in the department of
Computer Science and Information Technology at Lalit Chandra Bharali
College (LCBC), Maligaon, Guwahati, Assam, India. He holds his Master of
Computer Application (MCA) degree from Allahabad Agricultural Institute
Deemed University, Allahabad. His area of interests includes Network
Security, Intrusion Detection and Prevention, Wireless Security, Web
Security, Fuzzy Logic, and Social Networking Site.

BLUETOOTH SECURITY THREATS AND SOLUTIONS: A SURVEY
Nateq Be-Nazir Ibn Minar1
and Mohammed Tarique2
1
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, American International
University, Bangladesh
2
Department of Electronic and Communication, Ajman University of Science and
Technology, United Arab Emirates
ABSTRACT
Bluetooth technology has become an integral part of this modern society. The availability of
mobile phones, game controllers, Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) and personal computers has
made Bluetooth a popular technology for short range wireless communication. However, as the
Bluetooth technology becomes widespread, vulnerabilities in its security protocols are increasing
which can be potentially dangerous to the privacy of a user’s personal information. The security
issues of Bluetooth have been an active area of research for the last few years. This paper
presents the vulnerabilities in the security protocols of this technology along with some past
security threats and possible countermeasures as reported in the literatures which have been
surveyed and summarized in this paper. It also presents some tips that end-users can implement
immediately to become more cautious about their private information. Finally, the paper
concludes with some recommendations for future security enhancements that can be
implemented in the Bluetooth standard.
KEYWORDS
Bluetooth, encryption, security protocols, security threats, countermeasures, Bluetooth
enhancements

REFERENCES
[1] “The Bluetooth Blues”, available at http://www.information-
age.com/article/2001/may/the_bluetooth_blues
[2] Bluetooth SIG, Specification of the Bluetooth System: Volume 2, Profile, Version 1.1, Feb.
22, 2001. available at: https://www.bluetooth.org/About/bluetooth_sig.htm
[3] “The History of Bluetooth”, available at: http://www.bluetomorrow.com/about-
bluetoothtechnology/history-of-bluetooth/bluetoothhistory.html
[4] Monson, Heidi - "Bluetooth Technology and Implications" available at:
http://www.sysopt.com/features/ network/article.php/3532506 (1999-12- 14).
[5] “How Bluetooth Works", available at: http://en.kioskea.net/contents/bluetooth/bluetooth-
fonctionnement.php3.
[6] Mohammed Mana, Mohammed Feham, and Boucif Amar Bensaber, “A light weight protocol
to provide location privacy in wireless body area networks”, International Journal of Network
Security and its Applications (IJNSA), Vol.3, No.2, March 2011
[7] Yasir Arfat Malkani and Lachhman Das Dhomeja, “PSim: A tool for analysis of device
pairing methods”, International Journal of Network Security & Its Applications (IJNSA), Vol.1,
No.3, October 2009
[8] Kumar, A., et al. Caveat eptor, “A comparative study of secure device pairing methods”,
IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications (PerCom-09).
2009.
[9] Jochen Schiller, “Mobile Communications”, Second Edition, Addison Wesley Publications,
2003, pp. 290-292
[10] Bluetooth Profiles” Bluetooth Resource Center, Palowireless Pty Ltd. available at:
http://www.palowireless.com/ infotooth/tutorial/profiles.asp
[11] SaileshRathi, “Bluetooth Protocol Architecture”, Microware Systems Corporation available
at: http://www.dedicated-systems.com/Magazine/00q4/2000q4_p028.pdf
[12] “Bluetooth Versions”, summary of all the Bluetooth versions released to date, available at:
http://www.bluetomorrow.com/about-bluetooth-technology/general-
bluetoothinformation/bluetooth-versions.html
[13] Bluetooth Version 4.0 Released. Bluetooth SIG, available at:
http://www.bluetooth.com/Pages/High-Speed.aspx

[14] Keijo Haataja, “Security Threats and Countermeasures in Bluetooth Enabled Systems”,
Kuopio University Library, 2009, pp. 55-62
[15] “The BlueBug”, a Bluetooth virus, available at:
http://trifinite.org/trifinite_stuff_bluebug.html
[16] John Oates, “Virus attacks mobiles via Bluetooth”, available at:
http://www.theregister.co.uk/2004/06/15/symbian_virus/
[17] F-Secure Article on Lasco.A Worm, available at: http://www.f-secure.com/v-
descs/lasco_a.shtml
[18] Ford-Long Wong, Frank Stajano, Jolyon Clulow, “Repairing the Bluetooth pairing
protocol”. University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory, available at:
http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/dtg/~fw242/publications/2005-WongStaClu-bluetooth.pdf
[19] Phone pirates in seek and steal mission", Cambridge Evening News, available at:
http://www.cambridge-news.co.uk/news/region_wide/2005 /08/17/
[20] "Going Around with Bluetooth in Full Safety”, available at:
http://www.securenetwork.it/ricerca/whitepaper/download/ bluebag_brochure.pdf
[21] Yaniv Shaked, Avishai Wool, “Cracking the Bluetooth PIN” School of Electrical
Engineering Systems, Tel Aviv University, available at: http://www.eng.tau.ac.il/~yash/shaked-
wool-mobisys05/
[22] Keijo Haataja, “Security Threats and Countermeasures in Bluetooth-Enabled Systems”,
Kuopio University Library, 2009, pp. 68-80
[23] Colleen Rhodes, “Bluetooth Security”, East Carolina University, pp.6-9
[24] Karen Scarfone and John Padgette, (Bluetooth Threats) “Guide to Bluetooth Security”,
Computer Security Division - National Institute of Standards and Technology, US Department of
Commerce, 2008, pp. 25-26
[25] Raquel Hill and Billy Falotico, “Bluetooth Wireless Technology Security Threats and
Vulnerabilities”, Indiana University Bloomington, 2008, pp. 7-8
[26] Karen Scarfone and John Padgette, (Bluetooth Vulnerabilities) “Guide to Bluetooth
Security”, Computer Security Division - National Institute of Standards and Technology, US
Department of Commerce, 2008, pp.24-25

AUTHORS
Nateq Be-Nazir Ibn Minar is a Research Scientist currently rendering his
expertise independently to institutions and manufacturing industries. He
obtained his Bachelor of Science degree in Electrical and Electronics
Engineering, with a special interest in Robotics and Industrial Automation,
from American International University - Bangladesh in 2008 and later
obtained his Master of Science degree, in Telecommunication Engineering,
focusing on Wireless Networks. His research interests include satellite
communications, network security, low-powered wireless devices, industrial automation,
robotics and green technology. He is the CEO of EcoWave – a company dedicated to produce
green electronic products for the benefit of the environment. He is an active member of IEEE
and does volunteer work for several societies.
Mohammed Tarique is an Assistant Professor in the Department of
Electronic and Communication, Ajman University of Science and
Technology, in United Arab Emirates. His research int erests include Adhoc
Networks and wireless network security, network testing and simulations.
His research primarily focuses on the design of Wireless Adhoc Networks.

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