This document discusses tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), including its definition, development, epidemiology, anatomical variations, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, management, and nursing care. TEF is a congenital abnormality where the trachea and esophagus are connected. It develops due to incomplete separation of the trachea and esophagus during embryonic development. Clinical signs include drooling, choking, respiratory distress, inability to feed, and aspiration pneumonia. Treatment involves surgical repair to separate the trachea and esophagus.
A Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection (fistula) between the Oesophagus and the trachea. TEF is a common congenital abnormality.
Oesophageal atresia is failure of oesophagus to form a continuous passage from the pharynx to the stomach
TEF is an abnormal connection between the trachea and the oesophagus
A developmental anomaly is a broad term used to define conditions which are present at conception or occur before the end of pregnancy. In the case of cerebral palsy, a small number also occur after birth. this is also a birth defect.
Esophageal Atresia (EA) and Tracheo Esophageal Fistula (TEF)puji123456
Esophageal atresia (EA) is the
congenital malformation that
represent the failure of the esophagus
to develop a continuous passage upto
the stomach
Tracheo esophageal fistula (TEF) is
the congenital malformation where the
trachea and esophagus fails to separate
into distinct structures and a passage is
created between the two.
A Tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) is an abnormal connection (fistula) between the Oesophagus and the trachea. TEF is a common congenital abnormality.
Oesophageal atresia is failure of oesophagus to form a continuous passage from the pharynx to the stomach
TEF is an abnormal connection between the trachea and the oesophagus
A developmental anomaly is a broad term used to define conditions which are present at conception or occur before the end of pregnancy. In the case of cerebral palsy, a small number also occur after birth. this is also a birth defect.
Esophageal Atresia (EA) and Tracheo Esophageal Fistula (TEF)puji123456
Esophageal atresia (EA) is the
congenital malformation that
represent the failure of the esophagus
to develop a continuous passage upto
the stomach
Tracheo esophageal fistula (TEF) is
the congenital malformation where the
trachea and esophagus fails to separate
into distinct structures and a passage is
created between the two.
A Tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital disease. It is a acquired communication between the trachea and esophagus. Most of the patient with TEF are diagnosed immediately following after birth.TEF are often associated with life threatening complications.
Tracheo oesophageal atresia and fistula A-Z for medical students
This powerpoint covers everything you need to know about tracheoesophageal fistula and atresia as a medical student.It is not intended for patients. Covers anatomy, embryology,types ,classification and treatment of tracheo-oesophageal fistula and atresia.
A Tracheoesophageal fistula is a congenital disease. It is a acquired communication between the trachea and esophagus. Most of the patient with TEF are diagnosed immediately following after birth.TEF are often associated with life threatening complications.
Tracheo oesophageal atresia and fistula A-Z for medical students
This powerpoint covers everything you need to know about tracheoesophageal fistula and atresia as a medical student.It is not intended for patients. Covers anatomy, embryology,types ,classification and treatment of tracheo-oesophageal fistula and atresia.
Different esophageal disorders are discussed in this lecture. The learning objectives are to understand:
The anatomy and physiology of the oesophagus and their relationship to disease.
The clinical features, investigations, and treatment of benign and malignant disease with particular reference to the common adult disorders.
Topics include: Surgical anatomy, Physiology, Symptoms, Investigations, Congenital lesions: TOF and Atresia, Benign tumours, Cancer of oesophagus, Foreign bodies,Oesophageal perforation, Gastro-oesophageal reflux diease, Hiatal hernia,
Oesophageal motility disorders: achalasia and diffuse spasm, Oesophgeal diverticula.
and Others.
This presentation describes the total and partial intestinal atresia, its clinical features and diagnosis. in addition, this presentation include the definition of esophageal atresia, its classification, diagnosis and treatment.
ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT OF TRACHEOESOPHAGEAL FISTULA by Dr.Sravani VishnubhatlaDrSravaniVishnubhatl
Learning Objectives:
Review the clinical presentation of a patient with tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF)
Understand the prevalence of TEF, types, and associated syndrome
Discuss the diagnosis of TEF
Describe the medical and surgical management of TEF
Understand the anesthetic-related implications and develop an anesthetic plan
COMMON Pediatrics' SURGICAL EMERGENCIES
Presented By: Dr. Raheel Ahmed
FCPS – Pediatrics Medicine
Children hospital, Chandka Medical College, Larkana
Topics we will be discussing today are:
Tracheoesophageal Fistula.
Duodenal Atresia.
Meckel’s Diverticulum.
Hirschprung’s Disease.
Appendicitis.
Biliary Atresia.
clinical teaching methods
purposes
principles
models of clinical teaching methods
adult learning
types of learning
types of clinical teaching methods and their advantages and disadvantages
methods of teaching
spinal injury
Goal of spine trauma care
Pre-hospital management
Clinical and neurologic assessment
Acute spinal cord injury
Term, type and clinical characteristic
Common cervical spine fracture and dislocation
MATERIALS AND ITS TYPES
machinary , equipments and linen using in hospitals and their care
EQUIPMENTS AND ITS TYPES
CARE OF LINEN
CARE OF RUBBER GOODS
CARE OF STAINLESS STEEL GOODS
CARE OF GLASS EQUIPMENTS
CARE OF PLASTIC ITEMS
CARE OF FURNITURE
CARE OF MACHINERY EQUIPMENTS
MAINTANENCE OF WARD INVENTORY
complementary therapies in labour ..different types of therapies at the time of pregnancy , water birth and their advantages and disadvantages , different types of messages while pregnancy
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Art Pastor's Guide to Sabbath | Steve ThomasonSteve Thomason
What is the purpose of the Sabbath Law in the Torah. It is interesting to compare how the context of the law shifts from Exodus to Deuteronomy. Who gets to rest, and why?
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
5. DEVELOPEMENT
The esophagus and trachea both develop from the
primitive foregut. In a 4- to 6-week-old embryo,
the caudal part of the foregut forms a ventral
diverticulum that evolves into the trachea.
The longitudinal tracheoesophageal fold fuses to
form a septum that divides the foregut into a
ventral laryngotracheal tube and a dorsal
esophagus. The posterior deviation of the
tracheoesophageal septum causes incomplete
separation of the esophagus from the
laryngotracheal tube and results in a TEF
11. Anatomic Variations
2%
Proximal tracheo-
esophageal fistula
No distal fistula
Small stomach,
gasless abdomen
Often has a long
gap between the
Esophageal ends
GROSS type B
16. Cont ……..
Hyaline membrane disease may necessitate
higher ventilator pressures, which encourage
air to pass through the distal fistula.
A distended abdomen elevates and "splints"
the diaphragm.
Gastric distension may result in gastric rupture
and pneumoperitoneum.
Passage of air through a distal
tracheoesophageal fistula diminishes the
effective tidal volume.
17. (B)
Aspiration of gastric juices leads to
soiling of the lungs and pneumonia
Gastroesophageal refluxDirection of
gastric fluid proximally through
distal fistula.
Overflow of secretions or
inadvertent feeding may contribute
to aspiration and contamination of
the airway. .
25. DIAGNOSIS OF ESOPHAGEAL
ATRESIA
Antenatal Diagnosis (maternal
polyhydramnios, a small stomach, a
distended upper esophageal pouch,
or abnormal swallowing)
Diagnostic suspicion is increased
when abnormalities known to be
associated with esophageal atresia
are identified.
26.
27. Fetal MRI
This 32 week
fetus had
esophageal
atresia and an
absent stomach,
resulting in
marked
polyhydramnios
28. Clinical Diagnosis
Prematurity
Any excessively drooling
(copious, fine, white, frothy
bubbles of mucus in the mouth
and, sometimes, the nose).
29. Clinical Diagnosis
(A) Diagnosis of
esophageal atresia
is confirmed when a
10-gauge (French)
catheter cannot be
passed beyond 10
cm from the gums.
(B) A smaller-caliber
tube is not used
because it may curl
up in the upper
esophageal
segment, giving a
false impression of
esophageal
continuity.
30. The chest radiograph
A plain radiograph
will confirm the tube
has not reached the
stomach
31. The Gasless Abdomen
Absence of gas in the
abdomen suggests
that the patient has
either atresia without
a fistula or atresia
with a proximal
fistula only
32. Contrast studies
should be performed by
an experienced pediatric
radiologist, or after
transfer to the tertiary
institution, and with the
use of a small amount
(0.5 to 1 mL) of water-
soluble contrast. Care
must be taken to avoid
aspiration.
33. General management
Primary repair of TEF is urgent
Associated anomalies: CV, GU,
musculoskeletal
Protect the lungs from aspiration pneumonia
Avoidance of feeding
Positioning of the infant slightly head up to
minimize regurgitation of gastric contents
through fistula
Intermittent suction
Antibiotic therapy and physiotherapy in babies
with contaminated lung
34. SURGICAL MANAGEMENT
one stage repair: optimal surgical
management
fistula is ligated, proximal and distal ends of the esophagus are
anastomosed
right posterolateral extrapleural thoracotomy
left thoracotomy if the patient has right aortic arch
gastrostomy:
high risk infants unable to withstand a thoracotomy
decompress the stomach and prevent regurgitation via fistula into the
lungs
local anesthesia:
general anesthesia: protect the lungs from aspiration during surgical
manipulation
35. SURGICAL MANAGMENT
Definitive repair
24-72 hours later, when infant can withstand both
surgery and anesthesia
Method: right thoracotomy using a posterolateral
extrapleural approach
Fistula is ligated, esophageal segments are
anastomosed
If distal esophagus is too short
Fistula is ligated
exteriorization of the upper pouch through an
esophagostomy is performed
wait till weight of 9kg or 1 y/o to perform
anastomosis
36. Respiratory difficulty
after feedings in a 3-day-
old boy. Barium
esophagogram clearly
shows an H-shaped
fistula between the
trachea and the middle
segment of the
esophagus (arrowhead).
Barium is filling the
bronchi of the right
lower lobe (arrows).
Tracheoesophageal fistula
without atresia (type E).
37. Tracheoesophageal fistula
without atresia (type E).
Esophagogram shows
a fistula (arrow)
arising from the
anterior portion of
the esophagus (e) and
passing cephalad to
the posterior portion
of the trachea (t).
38. NURSING MANAGEMENT
SMALL AND FREQUENT FEEDS
IV FLUIDS MAINTANENCE
MAINTAIN UPRIGHT POSITION
PREPARATION OF PARENTS FOR SURGERY
FIXATION OF NG TUBE FOR
DECOMPRESSION
