Оксана Вей “To risk or not to risk?”

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This document discusses risk in software testing and risk management. It defines risk as a potential problem that could endanger project objectives. There are three main types of risk: product risks relating to the software itself, project risks relating to how work is carried out, and business risks that could cause financial loss. Testing aims to manage risk through identification, analysis, mitigation, and monitoring. Risk analysis involves determining the impact and likelihood of risks, while mitigation builds tests to address risks.

Business

WHAT IS RISK?
RISK – A potential problem that might endanger the objective of the
project stakeholders.
A factor that could result in a future negative consequence; usually
expressed as impact and likelihood. (ISTQB)

TYPES OF RISKS
PRODUCT RISKS – factors relating to what is produced by the work, i.e. the thing we are testing.
 If the software skips some key function that the customers specified, the users required or the stakeholders
were promised.
 If the software is unreliable and frequently fails to work.
 If the software has problems related to a particular quality characteristic, which might not be functionality, but
rather security, reliability, usability, maintainability or performance.
PROJECT RISKS – factors relating to the way the work is carried out, i.e. the test project.
BUSINESS RISKS – factors which can cause serious loss of profits or even bankruptcy
 Delay in the test build to test team.
 Unavailability of test environment.
 Delay in fixing test environment due to lack of system admin.
 Delay in fixing defects by development team.
 Organizational problems which can be like shortage of staff. Required skills etc.
 Major changes in the SRS which invalidates the test cases and requires changes in the test case.
 If software fail in ways that cause financial or other damage to a user or the company that user works for.

RISK MANAGEMENT
TESTING = RISK MANAGEMENT
Objective: most feasible coverage; effective usage of limited resources
Resources: Staffing, infrastructure, time, …

RISK MANAGEMENT
-> IDENTIFICATION
What the risks are and where they are
-> ANALYSIS
Looks into the critical, complex and potential error prone areas
-> MITIGATION
build a test that mitigate risks
-> MONITOR & REPORT
Subsequently monitor & report risks

RISK IDENTIFICATION
 Brainstorming
 Split up in functional and/or technical items
 Max number of ~ 35 risks

RISK ANALYSIS
RISK = IMPACT × LIKELIHOOD
What is the impact for the business?
What is the likelihood /possibility that there are defects?

STAKEHOLDER ANALYSIS
MISSING STAKEHOLDER = MISSING RISK
 A stakeholder is anyone who is interested in the product
 Document the knowledge areas of stakeholders! (e.g. factors, domain,
requirements type)

RISK FACTORS
LIKELIHOOD
• Complexity
• New development (level of re-use)
• Interrelation (# of interfaces)
• Size
• Technology
• Inexperience (of dev team)
IMPACT
• Business importance
• Financial or other damage (e.g. safety)
• Usage intensity
• External visibility
• Cost of rework
• Legal sanction

PRODUCT RISK MATRIX
MUST TESTCOULD TEST
SHOULD TESTWOULD TEST/
WON’TTEST
FOCUS OF DEV TESTING

EXAMPLE: DEVTESTING
Free format
- Statement coverage 70%
- Pair inspection
- Formal test specification
- Boundary value analysis
- Statement coverage 90%
- Full code inspection
Statement coverage 70%

PRODUCT RISK MATRIX
MUST TESTCOULD TEST
SHOULD TESTWOULD TEST/
WON’TTEST
FOCUS OF
SYSTEM LEVEL
TESTINGS

EXAMPLE: SYTEM LEVELTESTING
Use cases (basic flow)
Use cases (basic flow)
Equivalence partitioning
Use cases (incl. alternatives)
Decision tables
Use cases (incl. alternatives)
Equivalence partitioning

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Оксана Вей “To risk or not to risk?”

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