whole description about Tissues

1. Tissue
Made By : Munaf
Ahmad Ansari

2. What is a tissue?
A tissue is a cluster of cells which perform a
specific function in a body.
Tissues are of two types:
1)Plant Tissue
2)Animal Tissue

3. Plant Tissue
Plant Tissues Are Of Two Types
Based On Their Dividing
Capacity.
1)Meristematic Tissues
2)Permanent Tissues

4. Plant Cells

5. Meristematic Tissue: It consists of actively
dividing cells.
It is of three types:
1) Apical Meristem
2) Intercalary Meristem
3) Lateral Meristem

6. Apical Meristem: Present at the growing tips of stem
and roots.
Important Functions: To increase the length of stem
and root.

7. Intercalary Meristem: Present at the base of leaves
or introdes.
Important Functions: For the longitudinal growth of
stem and root

8. Lateral Meristem: Present on the lateral sides of the
stem and root.
Important Functions: To increase the thickness of the
stem and root.

9. Permanent Tissue: The tissues which
take up a specific role and loose the ability
to divide are called permanent tissue.
It is of two types:
1) Simple Permanent Tissue
2) Complex Permanent Tissue

10. Simple Permanent Tissue: It consist of
only one type of cell.
It is divided into four types:
1) Parenchyma
2) Collenchyma
3) Sclerenchyma
4) Protective Tissue

11. Parenchyma: It is composed of
unspecialized living cells with relatively thin
cell walls, intercellular spaces.
It is present in soft parts of the plant.

12. Collenchyma: Composed of living and
elongated cells with less cell walls irregular
thickened at the corners. No intercellular
spaces. It provides mechanical support to
plants. It helps in bending of leaves and
stems.

13. Sclerenchyma: It is composed of
long, narrow and thick walled cells. This
tissue is made up of dead cells and there
are no intercellular spaces. Sclerenchyma
cells are dead, present in
seeds, nuts, husk of coconut, fibers of jute
etc.

14. Complex Permanent Tissue
(Conducting tissue): It is made up of
more than one type of cells.
It is of two types:
1) Xylem
2) Phloem

15. Xylem: Conducts water and minerals from
roots to different parts of the plant.
It is composed of four types of cells:
1) Trachieds
2) Vessels
3) Xylem
4) Parenchyma
5) Fibers

16. Phloem: Conducts food materials from
leaves to the different parts of the plant.
It is composed of four types of cells
1) Sieve Tubes
2) Companion Cells
3) Phloem Parenchyma
4) Phloem Fibers

17. Animal Tissue : It is classified into four
major categories based on their functions.
1)Epithelial
2)Connective
3)Muscular
4)Nervous

18. Epithelial: It forms the covering of the
external surfaces, internal cavities and
organs of the animal body.
It is of three types:
1) Simple Squamous Epithelium
2) Coboidal Epithelium
3) Columnar Epithelium

19. Simple Squamous Epithelium: Single layer of flat cells.
Location in the human body: Lining of the
mouth, oesophagous, lung alveoli etc.

20. Coboidal Epithelium: Consists of cube like cells.
Location in the human body: Lining of the
kidney tubules and ducts of the salivary
gland.
It’s function is secretion and absorption.

21. Columnar Epithelium: Consists of elongated or column
like cells.
Location in the human body: Inner lining of the
intestine and gut.
It’s function is of secretion and absorption.

22. Connective Tissue: Specialized to connect various
body organs.
It is of five types:
1) Areoler Tissue
2) Adipose Tissue
3) Dense Regular Connective Tissue
4) Skeletal Tissue
5) Fluid Tissue

23. Areoler Tissue: Found in the skin and muscles to
bones, around the blood vessels, nerves etc.

24. Adipose Tissue: Acts as the storage site of fats; found
between the internal organs and below the skin; acts
as the insulator for the body.

25. Dense Regular Connective Tissue: Main components are
tendons and ligaments; tendons connect muscle to
bones, while ligaments connects two bones togather.

26. Skeletal Tissue: Main components of skeletal tissues are
cartilage and bone.

27. Fluid Tissue: Blood is the vascular tissue present in
animals.

28. Muscular Tissue: Main function of this tissue
is to provide movement to the body.
It is of three types:
1) Striated Muscles or Skeletal Muscles
or Voluntary Muscles
2) Smooth Muscles or Involuntary
Muscles
3) Cardiac Muscles or Involuntary
Muscles

29. Striated Muscles or Skeletal Muscles or
Voluntary Muscles: Cells are
cylindrical, un-branched and
multinucleate.

30. Smooth Muscles or Involuntary
Muscles: Cells are long, spindle-
shaped and posses a single nucleus.

31. Cardiac Muscles or Involuntary
Muscles: Cells are cylindrical,
branched, and uninucleate.

32. Nervous Tissue: Present in brain, spinal cord,
nerves.
Neurons are the cells of nervous tissue.
A neuron consists of a cell body, an axon and a dendrite.
It is present in heart.

33. Thank You