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Primolut N (Generic Norethisterone Tablets) can be used in several different circumstances to treat irregular, painful or heavy periods, Dysfuntional uterine bleeding, Polymenorrhoea, Menorrhagia, Metropathia, Haemorrhagia, to treat endometriosis (where tissue from the lining of the womb is present inplaces where it is not normally found), to treat premenstrual syndrome (also known as premenstrual tension, PMS or PMT) and to delay periods.
At high dose Primolut N tablets are used to treat disseminated carcinoma of the breast.
Birth control pills (oral contraceptives) are prescription medications that prevent pregnancy.
Birth control (contraceptive) medications contain hormones (estrogen and progesterone, or progesterone alone).
the presentation includes a definition of oral contraceptives, type of oral contraceptives, detail description of both types with its mode of action and potential beneficial and unwanted effects also include pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptives and knowledge of emergency contraceptives
Combined pill ,phased pill, post cotal pilla and mini pill.
Advantages and disadvantages with a note on adverse effects and contraindications of oral contraceptives with a note synthetic agents.
Hormonal contraceptive- medical information ( all about hormonal contracepti...martinshaji
Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the endocrine system. Almost all methods are composed of steroid hormones, although in India one selective estrogen receptor modulator is marketed as a contraceptive.Hormonal methods of birth control prevent eggs from being released from the ovaries, thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering the uterus, and thin the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation. Hormone pills come in packs. Most packs contain 3 weeks of hormone pills.
this describes all the aspects of hormonal contraceptives in brief .
please comment
thank uuuuu
Hormonal contraception (Combined Hormonal Contraceptives)Naji Majid Ahmed
Combined Hormonal Contraceptives :
includes:
Combined Oral Contraceptives (Pills)
Contraceptive vaginal ring
Transdermal patch
2. Progestogen Only Contraceptions(POC):
includes:
Progestogen-only pill(POP)
Implant
Progestogen-only injectable
Progestogen-releasing intrauterine system(LNG–IUS)
Missed pills:
If one pill is missed, anywhere in the pack (ie more than 24 and up to 48 hours late):
The last pill missed should be taken now, even if it means taking two pills in one day.
The rest of the pack should be taken as usual.
No additional contraception is needed.
The seven-day break is taken as normal.
Emergency contraception is not needed if just one pill has been missed. However, it should be considered if other pills have been missed recently, either earlier in the current packet, or at the end of the previous packet.
Missed pills:
If two or more pills are missed (ie more than 48 hours late):
The last pill missed should be taken now, even if it means taking two pills in one day.
Any earlier missed pills should be left.
The rest of the pack should be taken as usual and additional precautions (eg, condoms or abstinence) should be taken for the next seven days.
The next step then depends on where in the packet the pills are missed:
The next step then depends on where in the packet the pills are missed:
If the pills are missed in the first week of a pack (pills 1-7): emergency contraception should be considered if the patient had unprotected sex in the pill-free interval or the first week of the pill packet. She should finish the packet and have the usual pill-free interval.
If the pills are missed in the second week of a pack (pills 8-14): there is no need for emergency contraception as long as the pills in the preceding seven days have been taken correctly. The packet should be finished and the usual pill-free interval taken.
If the pills are missed in the third week of a pack (pills 15-21): the next pack of pills should be started without a break - ie the pill-free interval is omitted. If taking a packet with dummy/placebo pills, these should be discarded, and the new packet started. Emergency contraception is not required.
If more than seven pills are missed, the woman should start again as if starting for the first time. (Exclude pregnancy, and start a new pack on the first day of the next menstrual period.)
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Buy Loette Pills disappears with constant use and may rarely need medical consultation for disturbing heavier bleeds. Amenorrhoea is the absence of the withdrawal bleed which can occur with prolonged usage as a result of blood levels being maintained continuously above the threshold for withdrawal even in pill free periods. It is not permanent and is totally reversible on pill discontinuation.
Birth control pills (oral contraceptives) are prescription medications that prevent pregnancy.
Birth control (contraceptive) medications contain hormones (estrogen and progesterone, or progesterone alone).
the presentation includes a definition of oral contraceptives, type of oral contraceptives, detail description of both types with its mode of action and potential beneficial and unwanted effects also include pharmacokinetics of oral contraceptives and knowledge of emergency contraceptives
Combined pill ,phased pill, post cotal pilla and mini pill.
Advantages and disadvantages with a note on adverse effects and contraindications of oral contraceptives with a note synthetic agents.
Hormonal contraceptive- medical information ( all about hormonal contracepti...martinshaji
Hormonal contraception refers to birth control methods that act on the endocrine system. Almost all methods are composed of steroid hormones, although in India one selective estrogen receptor modulator is marketed as a contraceptive.Hormonal methods of birth control prevent eggs from being released from the ovaries, thicken cervical mucus to prevent sperm from entering the uterus, and thin the lining of the uterus to prevent implantation. Hormone pills come in packs. Most packs contain 3 weeks of hormone pills.
this describes all the aspects of hormonal contraceptives in brief .
please comment
thank uuuuu
Hormonal contraception (Combined Hormonal Contraceptives)Naji Majid Ahmed
Combined Hormonal Contraceptives :
includes:
Combined Oral Contraceptives (Pills)
Contraceptive vaginal ring
Transdermal patch
2. Progestogen Only Contraceptions(POC):
includes:
Progestogen-only pill(POP)
Implant
Progestogen-only injectable
Progestogen-releasing intrauterine system(LNG–IUS)
Missed pills:
If one pill is missed, anywhere in the pack (ie more than 24 and up to 48 hours late):
The last pill missed should be taken now, even if it means taking two pills in one day.
The rest of the pack should be taken as usual.
No additional contraception is needed.
The seven-day break is taken as normal.
Emergency contraception is not needed if just one pill has been missed. However, it should be considered if other pills have been missed recently, either earlier in the current packet, or at the end of the previous packet.
Missed pills:
If two or more pills are missed (ie more than 48 hours late):
The last pill missed should be taken now, even if it means taking two pills in one day.
Any earlier missed pills should be left.
The rest of the pack should be taken as usual and additional precautions (eg, condoms or abstinence) should be taken for the next seven days.
The next step then depends on where in the packet the pills are missed:
The next step then depends on where in the packet the pills are missed:
If the pills are missed in the first week of a pack (pills 1-7): emergency contraception should be considered if the patient had unprotected sex in the pill-free interval or the first week of the pill packet. She should finish the packet and have the usual pill-free interval.
If the pills are missed in the second week of a pack (pills 8-14): there is no need for emergency contraception as long as the pills in the preceding seven days have been taken correctly. The packet should be finished and the usual pill-free interval taken.
If the pills are missed in the third week of a pack (pills 15-21): the next pack of pills should be started without a break - ie the pill-free interval is omitted. If taking a packet with dummy/placebo pills, these should be discarded, and the new packet started. Emergency contraception is not required.
If more than seven pills are missed, the woman should start again as if starting for the first time. (Exclude pregnancy, and start a new pack on the first day of the next menstrual period.)
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Buy Loette Pills disappears with constant use and may rarely need medical consultation for disturbing heavier bleeds. Amenorrhoea is the absence of the withdrawal bleed which can occur with prolonged usage as a result of blood levels being maintained continuously above the threshold for withdrawal even in pill free periods. It is not permanent and is totally reversible on pill discontinuation.
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Femilon Birth Control Pills (Generic Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrel Tablets)All Contraceptives
Femilon Birth Control Pills (Generic Ethinyl Estradiol and Desogestrel Tablets) are a highly effective method for the prevention of pregnancy in women who elect to use this product as a method of contraception. It is a birth control pill that contains two types of hormones, desogestrel and ethinyl estradiol, and when taken properly, prevents pregnancy. It works by stopping a woman's egg from fully developing each month. Femilon Tablets are manufactured by Mylan Laboratories Limited, India and marketed by Organon (India) Private Limited.
Letromina Tablets by Alpha-pharma (Generic Letrozole Tablets)Clearsky Pharmacy
Letromina Tablets (Generic Letrozole Tablets) are used for the adjuvant treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive early breast cancer. Letromina is used for the extended adjuvant treatment of early breast cancer in postmenopausal women who have received 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. This medicine is also indicated for first-line treatment of postmenopausal women with hormone receptor positive or hormone receptor unknown locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer.
Letromina (Generic Letrozole) is also used for the treatment of advanced breast cancer in postmenopausal women with disease progression following antiestrogen therapy.
Letrozole (Letromina Tablets ) has also been used off-label for more than 15 years to treat infertility in women with PCOS.
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Buy Femilon Tablet (Drospirenone 0.15 Mg & Ethinylestradiol 0.02 Mg), Ethinyl estradiol and Drospirenone also sold under the brand name Yaz is a birth control pill. It works by preventing ovulation or the release of a female egg from the ovaries.
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The Gram stain is a fundamental technique in microbiology used to classify bacteria based on their cell wall structure. It provides a quick and simple method to distinguish between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, which have different susceptibilities to antibiotics
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
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Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
1. Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Tibolone Dosage & Rx Info | Tibolone Uses, Side Effects , Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Tibolone - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Tibolone dose Taj pharmaceuticals Tibolone int eractions, Taj Pharmaceutical Tibolone contraindications, Tibolone price, Tibolone , Taj Pharma Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets - Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Tibolone Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
TIBOLONE TABLETS
2.5 MG
Package leaflet: Information for the
patient
Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets.
Read all of this leaflet carefully before you
start taking this medicine because it
contains important information for you.
- Keep this leaflet. You may need to read it
again.
- If you have any further questions, ask your
doctor or pharmacist.
- This medicine has been prescribed for you
only. Do not pass it on to others. It may
harm them, even if their signs of illness are
the same as yours.
- If any of the side effects gets serious, or if
you notice any side effects not listed in this
leaflet, please tell your doctor.
What is in this leaflet
1. What Tibolone is and what it is used for
2. Before you are given Tibolone
3. How you will be given Tibolone
4. Possible side effects
5. How Tibolone is stored
6. Further Information
1. What Tibolone is and what it is
used for
Tibolone 2.5 mg tablet
The active substance is: tibolone. This
medicine is a Hormone Replacement
Therapy (HRT). It contains tibolone, a
substance that has favourable effects on
different tissues in the body, such as brain,
vagina and bone
. This medicine is used in postmenopausal
women with at least 12 months(1 year)since
their last natural period.
This medicine is used for:
Relief of symptoms occurring after
menopause
During the menopause, the amount of the
oestrogen produced by a woman‟s body
drops. This can cause symptoms such as hot
face, neck and chest ("hot flushes"). Tibolone
alleviates these symptoms after menopause.
You will only be prescribed this medicine if
your symptoms seriously hinder your daily
life.
Prevention of osteoporosis
After the menopause some women may
develop fragile bones (osteoporosis). You
should discuss all available options with
your doctor.
If you are at an increased risk of fractures
due to osteoporosis and other medicines
are not suitable for you, you can use
Tibolone to prevent osteoporosis after
menopause.
There are three different kinds of HRT:
•Oestrogen-only HRT
•Combined HRT, containing two kinds of
female hormone, an oestrogen and a
progestogen
.•Tibolone, which contains a substance
called tibolone
Tibolone is different from other HRT. Instead
of actual hormones (such as oestrogen and
progestogen) it contains tibolone. Your
body breaks down tibolone to make
hormones. Its effects and benefits are similar
to combined HRT
2. Before you are given Tibolone
For information on when you can start
taking Tibolone, (including after a
hysterectomy).
Medical History and regular check-ups
The use of HRT or Tibolone carries risks that
need to be considered when deciding
whether to start
taking it, or whether to carry on taking it.
This is especially important if you are more
than 60
years old.
The experience in treating women with a
premature menopause (due to ovarian
failure or surgery) is limited. If you have a
premature menopause the risks of using
HRT or Tibolone may be different.
Please talk to your doctor.
Before you start taking or restart HRT or
Tibolone
Your doctor will ask about your own and
your family‟s medical history. Your doctor
may decide to perform a physical
examination.
This may include an examination of your
breasts and /or an internal examination, if
necessary
Tell your doctor
If you have any medical problems or
illnesses.
Regular check-ups
Once you have started on Tibolone, you
should see your doctor for regular check-
ups
(at least once a year). At these check -ups,
discuss with your doctor the benefits and
risks of continuing with Tibolone. Go for
regular breast screening, as recommended
by your doctor.
2. Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Tibolone Dosage & Rx Info | Tibolone Uses, Side Effects , Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Tibolone - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Tibolone dose Taj pharmaceuticals Tibolone int eractions, Taj Pharmaceutical Tibolone contraindications, Tibolone price, Tibolone , Taj Pharma Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets - Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Tibolone Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
Be sure to
•go for regular breast screening and
cervical smear tests.
•regularlycheck your breasts for any changes
such as dimpling of the skin, changes in the
nipple, or any lumps you can see or feel
Some women should not take Tibolone
Do not take Tibolone
If any of the following applies to you. If you
are not sure about any of the points below,
talk to your doctor before taking Tibolone
•If you have or have ever had breast cancer,
or if you are suspected of having it
•If you have cancer which is sensitive to
oestrogens, such as cancer of the womb
lining
(endometrium), or if you are suspected of
having it
•If you have any unexplained vaginal
bleeding
•If you have excessive thickening of the
womb lining (endometrial hyperplasia) that
is not being treated.
•If you have or have ever had a blood clot in
a vein (thrombosis), such as in the legs
(deep venous thrombosis) or the lungs
(pulmonary embolism)
•If you have a blood clotting disorder
(such as protein C , protein S, or
antithrombin deficiency)
•If you have or recently have had a disease
caused by blood clots in the arteries, such as
a heart attack, stroke or angina
•If you have or have ever had a liver disease
and your liver function tests have not
returned to normal
•If you have a rare blood problem called
“porphyria” which is passed down in families
(inherited)
•If you are allergic to tiboloneor any of the
other ingredients of this medicine
•If you are pregnant or think you might be
pregnant.
•If you are breastfeeding
• If any of the above conditions appear for
the first time while taking Tibolone, stop
taking it at once and consult your doctor
immediately.
If you have started the menopause you
should not take Tibolone until 12 months
after your last
natural period.
If you take it sooner than this you may have
irregular bleeding.
Warning and precautions
Talk to your doctor, pharmacist or nurse
before taking Tibolone.
If you have ever had any of the following
problems, tell your doctor before you start
the
treatment, as these may return or become
worse during treatment with Tibolone. If so,
you should
see your doctor more often for check-ups:
•fibroids inside your womb
•growth of the womb lining outside your
womb (endometriosis) or a history of
excessive
growth of the womb lining (endometrial
hyperplasia)
•increased risk of developing blood clots
(see “Blood clots in a vein (thrombosis)”)
•increased risk of getting an oestrogen-
sensitive cancer (such as having a mother,
sister or grandmother who has had breast
cancer)
•high blood pressure
•a liver disorder, such as a benign liver
tumour
•diabetes
•gallstones
•migraine or severe headaches
•a disease of the immune system that affects
many organs of the body (systemic lupus
erythematosus, SLE)
•epilepsy
•asthma
•a disease affecting the eardrum and
hearing (otosclerosis)
•a very high level of fat in your blood
(triglycerides)
•fluid retention due to cardiac or kidney
problem
Stop taking Tibolone and see a doctor
immediately
If you notice any of the following when
taking Tibolone:
any of the conditions mentioned in the
"Do not take Tibolone" section
yellowing of your skin or the whites of
your eyes (jaundice). These may be
signs of a liver disease
a large rise in your blood pressure
(symptoms may be headache, tiredness,
dizziness)
migraine-like headaches which happen
for the first time
if you become pregnant
if you notice signs of a blood clot, such
as:
o painful swelling and redness of the legs
o sudden chest pain
o difficulty in breathing
For more information, see “Blood clots
in a vein (thrombosis)”.
3. Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Tibolone Dosage & Rx Info | Tibolone Uses, Side Effects , Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Tibolone - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Tibolone dose Taj pharmaceuticals Tibolone int eractions, Taj Pharmaceutical Tibolone contraindications, Tibolone price, Tibolone , Taj Pharma Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets - Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Tibolone Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
Note: Tibolone is not a contraceptive. If it is
less than 12 months since your last
menstrual period or you are under 50 years
old, you may still need to use additional
contraception to prevent pregnancy. Speak
to your doctor for advice.
HRT and Cancer
Excessive thickening of the lining of the
womb (endometrial hyperplasia) and
cancer of the lining of the womb
(endometrial cancer)
There have been reports of an increased cell
growth or cancer of the lining of the womb
in women using Tibolone. The risk of cancer
of the lining of the womb increases the
longer you take the medicine.
Irregular bleeding
You may have irregular bleeding or drops of
blood (spotting) during the first 3-6 months
of taking Tibolone. But if the bleeding or
spotting:
Carries on for more than the first 6
months
Starts after you have been taking
Tibolone for more than 6 months
Carries on even after you‟ve stopped
taking Tibolone
see your doctor as soon as possible.
Breast cancer
Evidence suggests that taking combined
oestrogen-progestogen and possibly also
oestrogen-only HRT increases the risk of
breast cancer. The extra risk depends on
how long you take HRT. The additional risk
becomes clear within a few years. However,
it returns to normal within a few years (at
most 5) after stopping treatment.
Compare
Women taking Tibolone have a lower risk
than women using combined HRT and a
comparable risk with oestrogen-only HRT.
Regularly check your breasts. See
your doctor if you notice any changes
such as:
o dimpling or sinking of the skin
o changes in the nipple
o any lumps you can see or feel
Make an appointment to see your
doctor as soon as possible
Ovarian cancer
Ovarian cancer is rare – much rarer than
breast cancer. The use of oestrogen-only or
combined oestrogen-progestagen HRT has
been associated with a slightly increased
risk of ovarian cancer.
The risk of ovarian cancer varies with age.
For example, in women aged 50 to 54 who
are not taking HRT, about 2 women in 2000
will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer over a
5-year period. For women who have been
taking HRT for 5 years, there will be about 3
cases per 2000 users (i.e. about 1 extra case).
With use of Tibolone, the increased risk of
ovarian cancer is similar to other types of
HRT.
Effect of HRT on heart and circulation
Blood clots in a vein (thrombosis)
The risk of blood clots in the veins is about
1.3 to 3-times higher in HRT users than in
non-users, especially during the first year of
taking it.
Blood clots can be serious, and if one travels
to the lungs, it can cause chest pain,
breathlessness, fainting or even death.
You are more likely to get a blood clot in
your veins as you get older and if any of the
following applies to you. Inform your doctor
if any of these situations apply to you:
you are pregnant or recently had a
baby
you use oestrogens
you are unable to walk for a long time
because of major surgery, injury or
illness
you are seriously overweight (BMI >30
kg/m2)
you have any blood clotting problem
that needs long-term treatment with a
medicine used to prevent blood clots
if any of your close relatives has ever
had a blood clot in the leg, lung or
another organ
you have systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE)
you have cancer.
For signs of a blood clot, see “Stop
taking Tibolone and see a doctor
immediately
Compare
Looking at women in their 50s who are
not taking HRT, on average, over a 5
year period, 4 to 7 in 1000 would be
expected to get a blood clot in a vein.
4. Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Tibolone Dosage & Rx Info | Tibolone Uses, Side Effects , Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Tibolone - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Tibolone dose Taj pharmaceuticals Tibolone int eractions, Taj Pharmaceutical Tibolone contraindications, Tibolone price, Tibolone , Taj Pharma Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets - Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Tibolone Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
For women in their 50s who have been
taking oestrogen-progestogen HRT
for over 5 years, there will be 9 to 12
cases in 1000 users (i.e. an extra 5
cases).
With use of Tibolone, the increased risk
of getting a blood clot in a vein is lower
than with other types of HRT.
Heart disease (heart attack)
There is no evidence that HRT or
Tibolone will prevent a heart attack.
Women over the age of 60 who use
oestrogen-progestogen HRT are slightly
more likely to develop heart disease
than those not taking any HRT. As the
risk of heart disease strongly depends
on age, the number of extra cases of
heart disease due to use of oestrogen-
progestogen HRT is very low in healthy
women close to menopause, but will
rise with more advanced age.
There is no evidence to suggest that the
risk of myocardial infarction with
Tibolone is different to the risk of other
HRT.
Stroke
Recent research suggests that HRT and
Tibolone slightly increases the risk of having
a stroke. The increased risk is seen mainly in
women over 60 years old. Other things that
can increase the risk of stroke include:
Getting older
High blood pressure
Smoking
Drinking too much alcohol
An irregular heartbeat
If you are worried about any of these
things, talk to your doctor to see if you
should take HRT
Compare
Looking at women in their 50s who are not
taking Tibolone – on average, over a 5-year
period, 3 in 1000 would be expected to
have a stroke.
For women in their 50s who are taking
Tibolone, the figure would be 7 in 1000 (i.e.
an extra 4 cases).
Looking at women in their 60s who are not
taking Tibolone – on average, over a 5-year
period, 11 in 1000 would be expected to
have a stroke.
For women in their 60s who are taking
Tibolone, the figure would be 24 in 1000
(i.e. an extra 13 cases).
Other conditions
HRT will not prevent memory loss. There is
some evidence of a higher risk of memory
loss in women who start using HRT after the
age of 65. Speak to your doctor for advice.
Tibolone is not intended for contraceptive
use.
Treatment with Tibolone results in a marked
dose-dependent decrease in HDL
cholesterol (from -16.7% with a 1.25 mg
dose to -21.8% for the 2.5 mg dose after 2
years). Total triglycerides and lipoprotein(a)
levels were also reduced. The decrease in
total cholesterol and VLDL-C levels was not
dose-dependent. Levels of LDL-C were
unchanged. The clinical implication of these
findings is not yet known.
Oestrogens may cause fluid retention, and
therefore patients with cardiac or renal
dysfunction should be carefully observed.
Women with pre-existing
hypertriglyceridaemia should be followed
closely during oestrogen replacement or
Hormone replacement therapy, since rare
cases of large increases of plasma
triglycerides leading to pancreatitis have
been reported with oestrogen therapy in
this condition.
Treatment with Tibolone results in a very
minor decrease of thyroid binding globulin
(TBG) and total T4. Levels of total T3 are
unaltered. Tibolone decreases the level of
sex-hormone-binding globulin (SHBG),
whereas the levels of corticoid binding
globulin (CBG) and circulating cortisol are
unaffected.
Other medicines and Tibolone
Some medicines may interfere with the
effect of Tibolone. This might lead to
irregular bleeding. This applies to the
following medicines:
Medicines against blood clotting (such
as warfarin)
Medicines for epilepsy (such as
phenobarbital, phenytoin and
carbamazepin)
Medicines for tuberculosis (such as
rifampicin)
Herbal remedies containing St John’s
Wort (Hypericum perforatum).
5. Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Tibolone Dosage & Rx Info | Tibolone Uses, Side Effects , Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Tibolone - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Tibolone dose Taj pharmaceuticals Tibolone int eractions, Taj Pharmaceutical Tibolone contraindications, Tibolone price, Tibolone , Taj Pharma Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets - Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Tibolone Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are
taking, have recently taken or might take
any other medicines. This includes
medicines obtained without a prescription,
herbal medicines or other natural products.
Having an Operation
If you are going to have an operation,
make sure your doctor knows about it. You
may need to stop taking HRT about 4 to 6
weeks before the operation, to reduce the
risk of a blood clot. Your doctor will tell you
when you can start taking HRT again.
Tibolone with food and drink
You can eat or drink normally while you are
taking Tibolone.
Pregnancy and breast-feeding
Tibolone is for use in postmenopausal
women only. If you become pregnant, stop
taking Tibolone and contact your doctor.
If you are pregnant or breast-feeding, think
you may be pregnant or are planning to
have a baby, ask your doctor or pharmacist
for advice before taking this medicine.
Driving and using machines
Tibolone has no known effect on the ability
to drive or use machines.
Tibolone contains Lactose
Patients with rare hereditary problems of
galactose intolerance, the Lapp lactase
deficiency or glucose-galactose
malabsorption should not take this
medicine.
If you have been told by your doctor that
you have an intolerance to some sugars,
contact your doctor before using Tibolone.
If you are worried about anything in this
section, talk to your doctor about the risks
and benefits of HRT.
3. How you will be given Tibolone
3.1 When can you start taking Tibolone?
Wait before taking Tibolone
If it is not yet 12 months since your last
natural period
Start taking Tibolone straight away
If you are changing over from a period
free HRT… (see note below)…
If you have never used HRT before
If you were prescribed HRT because you
have had a hysterectomy…
If you are being treated for
endometriosis (a condition in which
parts of the womb lining move around
the body)…
Wait for your next period. Start taking
Tibolone as soon as your period ends
If you are changing over from another
type of HRT with which you have
periods… (see the note below)…
If you are changing over from another
type of HRT
There are several different types of HRT,
such as tablets patches and gels. Most
contain either oestrogen, or oestrogen and
progestogen. With some you still have
periods, and with some you don‟t (these are
called period-free HRT).
3.2 How to take Tibolone
Always take this medicine exactly as your
doctor or pharmacist has told you. Check
with your doctor or pharmacist if you are
not sure.
The recommended dose is one tablet
every day. Take this dose unless your
doctor or pharmacist told you to do
something different.
Press the tablet so that it comes through the
foil. Swallow the tablet with some water or
other drink, without chewing. Take
Tibolone at the same time each day.
The strips of tablets are marked with the
days of the week. Start by taking a tablet
marked with the current day. For example, if
it is Monday, take a tablet marked Monday
on the top row of the strip. Follow the
arrows until the strip is empty. Start the next
strip the next day. Do not leave a break
between strips or packs.
Your doctor will aim to prescribe the lowest
dose to treat your symptoms for as short as
necessary. Speak to your doctor if you think
this dose is too strong or not strong enough.
3.3 If you take more Tibolone than you
should
It is unlikely that taking more than one
tablet will do you any harm, but you may
feel sick, be sick or have some vaginal
bleeding.
3.4 If you forget to take Tibolone
If you forget to take a tablet, take it as soon
as you remember, unless you are more than
12 hours late. If you are more than 12 hours
late, just skip it, and take your next tablet at
the usual time. Don't take a double dose.
6. Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Tibolone Dosage & Rx Info | Tibolone Uses, Side Effects , Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Tibolone - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Tibolone dose Taj pharmaceuticals Tibolone int eractions, Taj Pharmaceutical Tibolone contraindications, Tibolone price, Tibolone , Taj Pharma Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets - Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Tibolone Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
3.5 If you need to have surgery
If you are going to have surgery, tell the
surgeon that you are taking Tibolone. You
may need to stop taking Tibolone about 4 to
6 weeks before the operation to reduce the
risk of a blood clot.Ask your doctor when
you can start taking Tibolone again.
4. Possible Side Effects
The following diseases are reported more
often in women using HRT compared to
women not using HRT:
breast cancer
abnormal growth or cancer of the lining
of the womb (endometrial hyperplasia
or cancer)
ovarian cancer
blood clots in the veins of the legs or
lungs (venous thromboembolism)
heart disease
stroke
probable memory loss if HRT is started
over the age of 65
For more information about these side
effects.Like all medicines, this medicine can
cause side effects, although not everybody
gets them. Most side effects are mild.
Tell your doctor or pharmacist if you
are worried about any side effects which
you think may be due to Tibolone.
4.1 Serious side effects – see a doctor
straight away
If you think you may have signs of a
serious side effect, see a doctor straight
away.
You may need to stop taking Tibolone:
If your blood pressure rises
If your skin or the whites of your eyes go
yellow (jaundice)
If you suddenly have migraine-type
headaches
If you have signs of a blood clot
4.2 Other side effects
Common (may affect up to 1 in 10 women):
breast pain
stomach or pelvic pain
unusual hair growth
vaginal bleeding or spotting.
This is usually nothing to worry about in
the first few months of taking HRT.
If bleeding continues, or starts after you
have been on HRT vaginal problems
such as more secretions, itching,
irritation and thrush
thickening of the lining of the womb or
the lining of the cervix
weight gain.
Uncommon (may affect up to 1 in 100
women):
swollen hands, ankles or feet – a sign of
fluid retention
stomach upset
acne
painful nipples or breasts feeling
uncomfortable
vaginal infections
Rare (may affect up to 1 in 1000 women):
itchy skin
Some women taking Tibolone have also
reported:
depression, dizziness, headache
joint pain or muscle pain
skin problems such as rash or itching
loss of vision or blurred vision
changes in liver tests
There have been reports of breast cancer
and of an increased cell growth or cancer of
the lining of the womb in women using
Tibolone.
Tell your doctor if any of the above
mentioned side effects continues or
becomes troublesome.
The following side effects have been
reported with other HRTs:
gall bladder disease
various skin disorders:
o discolouration of the skin especially of
the face or neck known as “pregnancy
patches” (chloasma)
o painful reddish skin nodules (erythema
nodosum)
o rash with target-shaped reddening or
sores (erythema multiforme)
eporting of side effects
If you get any side effects, talk to your
doctor, pharmacist or nurse. This
includes any possible side effects not
7. Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets Taj Pharma : Uses, Side Effects, Interactions, Pictures, Warnings, Tibolone Dosage & Rx Info | Tibolone Uses, Side Effects , Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets: Indications, Side Effects, Warnings, Tibolone - Drug Information - Taj Pharma, Tibolone dose Taj pharmaceuticals Tibolone int eractions, Taj Pharmaceutical Tibolone contraindications, Tibolone price, Tibolone , Taj Pharma Tibolone 2.5mg Tablets - Taj Pharma . Stay connected to all updated on Tibolone Taj Pharmaceuticals Taj pharmaceuticals Hyderabad. Patient Information Leaflets, PIL.
listed in this leaflet. By reporting side
affects you can help provide more
information on the safety of this
medicine.
5. How Tibolone is stored
Keep this medicine out of the sight and
reach of children.
Do not use this medicine after the
expiry date which is stated on the
carton after „EXP‟. The expiry date refers
to the last day of that month.
Store below 25°C. Do not refrigerate.
Store in the original package. Keep the
blister in the outer carton, in order to
protect from light and moisture.
Do not throw away any medicines via
wastewater or household waste. Ask
your pharmacist how to throw away
medicines you no longer use. These
measures will help protect the
environment.
6. Further information
What Tibolone contains
The active substance is tibolone.
The other ingredients are potato starch,
lactose monohydrate, ascorbyl
palmitate and magnesium stearate.
What Tibolone looks like and the
contents of the pack
Tibolone tablets are white.
They come in packs of one or three
strips of 28 tablets.
Manufactured in India by:
TAJ PHARMACEUTICALS LTD.
Mumbai, India
At: 615, GIDC, Kerala, Bavla, Dist.
Ahmedabad 438225, Gujarat, INDIA
This leaflet was last revised in August 2019