Tiananmen square
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In 1989, over one million pro-democracy protestors occupied Beijing's Tiananmen Square, inspired by economic reforms and movements toward democracy in Eastern Europe. The protestors demanded more political freedom in China. The country's leaders repeatedly asked the protestors to leave, but they remained. In June 1989, the Chinese government forcefully ended the protests by sending tanks and troops to Tiananmen Square, killing many protestors in what became known as the Tiananmen Square Massacre.
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The 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre occurred after weeks of student-led demonstrations in Beijing calling for democracy, free speech, and corruption. The Chinese government's decision to use military force against the protesters led to hundreds or thousands of deaths. Key events included Hu Yaobang's death sparking the initial protests, hunger strikes by students, Zhao Ziyang's visit and dismissal, the declaration of martial law, and the military's crackdown on June 3-4. Ultimately, Deng Xiaoping ordered the military action to crush the protest movement and ensure the Communist Party's control was not threatened.
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The document summarizes the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 in Beijing, where hundreds of thousands of students and citizens gathered to demand democracy and an end to corruption. As the protests grew, the government declared martial law and sent troops to break up the demonstrations, resulting in hundreds or thousands of deaths as troops fired upon protesters in Tiananmen Square on June 4th. The event symbolized the Chinese people's desire for democracy but ultimately did not change China's communist system of government.
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1. The Arms Race was the competition between the US and Soviet Union to have more nuclear weapons and greater military powers than the other during the Cold War period.
2. Fidel Castro was the communist leader of Cuba. He took power in 1959 and led Cuba until 2008. He is no longer alive.
3. In 1961, the US tried to invade Cuba at the Bay of Pigs to overthrow Fidel Castro's communist government, but the invasion was a failure.
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2) He instituted "thought reform" through campaigns like studying Mao's writings and public self-criticism to control ideological debate and the party.
3) After encouraging criticism through the Hundred Flowers Campaign, Mao then reversed course and persecuted critics in the Anti-Rightist Campaign, eliminating intellectual opposition and instilling fear in society.
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Here are 5 images each that portray people being better off or worse off by 1976 in Mao's China, as well as the greatest changes during 1919-1976:
1. People were better off by 1976:
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- Image of people crowded in shared living spaces
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China vs
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- From 1949-1979, the Communist party defeated the Nationalists in a civil war, taking control of mainland China while the Nationalists retreated to Taiwan and limited freedoms.
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Tiananmen Square 1989
The 1989 Tiananmen Square massacre occurred after weeks of student-led demonstrations in Beijing calling for democracy, free speech, and corruption. The Chinese government's decision to use military force against the protesters led to hundreds or thousands of deaths. Key events included Hu Yaobang's death sparking the initial protests, hunger strikes by students, Zhao Ziyang's visit and dismissal, the declaration of martial law, and the military's crackdown on June 3-4. Ultimately, Deng Xiaoping ordered the military action to crush the protest movement and ensure the Communist Party's control was not threatened.
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2. Fidel Castro was the communist leader of Cuba. He took power in 1959 and led Cuba until 2008. He is no longer alive.
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Mao established a one-party state in China from 1949-1957 through a series of political changes and campaigns:
1) He suppressed all other political parties and purged potential opponents through accusations of being "counter-revolutionaries" or "imperialists".
2) He instituted "thought reform" through campaigns like studying Mao's writings and public self-criticism to control ideological debate and the party.
3) After encouraging criticism through the Hundred Flowers Campaign, Mao then reversed course and persecuted critics in the Anti-Rightist Campaign, eliminating intellectual opposition and instilling fear in society.
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1. People were better off by 1976:
- Image of modernized city skyline vs rural landscape from early 1900s
- Image of workers in factory with modern machinery
- Image of farmers harvesting mechanized vs manual labor
- Image of students in new school building
- Image of people gathered around television
2. People were worse off by 1976:
- Image of emaciated man during Great Leap Forward famine
- Image of people crowded in shared living spaces
- Image of people doing manual labor in poor working conditions
- Image
China vs
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- From 1949-1979, the Communist party defeated the Nationalists in a civil war, taking control of mainland China while the Nationalists retreated to Taiwan and limited freedoms.
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Here is a timeline of key events in China from 1911-1989 with explanations of the most important events:
1911 - Xinhai Revolution overthrows the Qing dynasty, establishing the Republic of China
1949 - Communist Party led by Mao Zedong defeats the Nationalists in civil war, establishes the People's Republic of China
1958-1962 - Great Leap Forward leads to famine killing tens of millions due to failed economic policies
1966-1976 - Cultural Revolution causes widespread social and economic disruption under Mao's rule
1976 - Mao Zedong dies, ending his authoritarian leadership
1978 - Deng Xiaoping rises to power, introduces market-oriented reforms (most important event, began
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The 1989 Tiananmen Square protest in Beijing began as students mourning the death of former leader Mao Zedong demanded more political freedom. When the government refused dialogue, thousands of students began protesting in Tiananmen Square. In early June, the government declared martial law and sent tanks and soldiers to clear the square, killing over 2,600 people. Key student leaders like Wang Dan and Xiao Qiang were arrested or fled the country, while Wuer Kaixi faced criticism for opportunism. The protest marked a pivotal moment in China's political development and a crackdown on dissent.
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In 1989, large student-led protests occurred in Tiananmen Square in Beijing calling for greater political reforms and transparency. The protests started with students mourning a former government official but grew to hundreds of thousands of students and citizens over seven weeks. The government rejected dialogue with protest leaders and eventually sent military troops to clear the square, resulting in hundreds of deaths and injuries. The protests represented one of the greatest challenges to communist rule in China but ultimately led to only limited reforms.
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The Chinese people tried to gain democracy in China through pro-democracy protests in Tiananmen Square in 1989. Students from Beijing University and others led peaceful protests calling for political reform and an end to government corruption. However, soldiers opened fire on the protesters, killing between 400-800 people. The Tiananmen Square protests and massacre had a significant impact on democratization efforts in China.
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2. In 1927, the Guomindang turned on their Communist allies and massacred them in Shanghai and other cities, forcing the Communists to retreat to rural bases like the Jiangxi Soviet.
3. While the Guomindang nominally unified northern China by 1928 with the help of warlords, real control was limited as warlords still held power in their own territories and the Communists grew stronger in the countryside, gaining peasant support through land reforms. The Guomindang struggled to establish authority
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Here is a timeline of key events in China from 1911-1989 with explanations of the most important events:
1911 - Xinhai Revolution overthrows the Qing dynasty, establishing the Republic of China
1949 - Communist Party led by Mao Zedong defeats the Nationalists in civil war, establishes the People's Republic of China
1958-1962 - Great Leap Forward leads to famine killing tens of millions due to failed economic policies
1966-1976 - Cultural Revolution causes widespread social and economic disruption under Mao's rule
1976 - Mao Zedong dies, ending his authoritarian leadership
1978 - Deng Xiaoping rises to power, introduces market-oriented reforms (most important event, began
Chinese Protest (Tiananmen Square)
The 1989 Tiananmen Square protest in Beijing began as students mourning the death of former leader Mao Zedong demanded more political freedom. When the government refused dialogue, thousands of students began protesting in Tiananmen Square. In early June, the government declared martial law and sent tanks and soldiers to clear the square, killing over 2,600 people. Key student leaders like Wang Dan and Xiao Qiang were arrested or fled the country, while Wuer Kaixi faced criticism for opportunism. The protest marked a pivotal moment in China's political development and a crackdown on dissent.
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The May 4th Movement of 1919 was a student-led protest against decisions made at the Paris Peace Conference that saw China receive no concessions while Japan gained territory. Students boycotted Japanese goods to end foreign control in China and force changes to social policies. The 1911 Revolution had replaced the monarchy with another authoritarian system, betraying promises of the revolution. Beginning in 1916, the New Tide movement sought to introduce new ideas of freedom, equal rights, and science like Marxism to further revolutionize China and end foreign domination, led by figures like Hu Shi and Lu Xun.
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- After Mao's death, moderate leader Deng Xiaoping instituted economic reforms while still maintaining a communist system. The document then discusses China's foreign relations and the division of Korea after World War II.
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2. The rise of the Chinese Communist Party under Mao Zedong and the civil war between the communists and nationalists.
3. Japan's invasion of China during World War 2 and the Nanjing Massacre.
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The document summarizes human rights violations in China, including imprisonment without cause, brutal treatment of prisoners, censorship and repression of religion and dissent, and the violent crackdown on pro-democracy protesters in Tiananmen Square in 1989 where tanks and soldiers killed many protesters. It also mentions the economic side effects of policies that have left farmers without land and driven up prices and hunger.
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Yuan Shi Kai dissolved the elected National Assembly in 1914 and ruled as a dictator, becoming increasingly unpopular. After his death in 1916, China fell into a period of warlordism as regional military leaders fought for control. During this era from 1916-1927, the central government collapsed and the country saw brutal warfare, rampant taxation, and economic problems. Law and order broke down as the warlords prioritized gaining territory over people's welfare.
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
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Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
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Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
Text Books:
1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
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In this slide, we'll explore how to set up warehouses and locations in Odoo 17 Inventory. This will help us manage our stock effectively, track inventory levels, and streamline warehouse operations.
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