Thyroid examination power point
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The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped endocrine gland located in the lower front of the neck. It produces hormones that influence many important organs. A thyroid examination involves inspecting the neck and thyroid gland by sight and touch. The examiner washes hands, introduces themselves, and gets permission before feeling the thyroid to check for lumps, size, texture, tenderness, and mobility. They also check eyes, hands, pulse, and other areas for signs of hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism. Cervical lymph nodes are inspected as well to fully examine the thyroid.
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Examination of thyroid
The document outlines the steps for examining the thyroid gland which includes inspection of the hands, pulse, eyes, face and thyroid as well as palpation. Inspection evaluates features like dry skin, sweating, tremors and examines the eyes, face and thyroid for signs like exopthalmos, lid lag and masses. Palpation assesses the thyroid gland for size, symmetry, consistency and thrills. Additional tests like thyroid function tests, FNAC and imaging may also be used.
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This document provides details on examining patients with cardiovascular symptoms. It describes how to take a history, including presenting symptoms, previous illnesses, habits, and family history. The physical exam involves inspection, pulse examination, blood pressure measurement, jugular vein examination, chest examination, and heart auscultation. Specific cardiovascular conditions can cause chest pain, dyspnea, fatigue, palpitations, and syncope. Findings on exam include pulses, jugular vein pressure, heart sounds, murmurs, and peripheral signs. The goal is to evaluate symptoms, signs, and history to understand a patient's cardiovascular condition.
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The document provides information about examining the thyroid gland, including:
1) The anatomy, physiology, common conditions like goiter, and presenting complaints are outlined.
2) The examination involves inspection of the neck, hands, eyes, and face, as well as palpation of the thyroid gland and lymph nodes, percussion of the sternum, and auscultation of the thyroid.
3) Special tests like assessing reflexes and proximal muscle strength are also described. A checklist is provided to ensure all relevant assessment steps are completed systematically.
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Goiter refers to an enlargement of the thyroid gland. It can be caused by various factors including iodine deficiency, autoimmune thyroid conditions, drugs, radiation exposure, and unusual dietary habits. Goiters are classified as toxic or non-toxic and can be diffuse, multinodular, or nodular. Clinical examination involves inspection of the neck to evaluate size, shape, surface, borders, and movement with swallowing. Palpation is used to assess temperature, consistency, mobility, and presence of thyroid toxicity. Investigations may include blood tests, imaging, and fine needle aspiration biopsy to diagnose the cause of the goiter. Treatment options depend on the underlying pathology but may involve surgery, medication, or radioactive
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This document provides an overview of the clinical examination of the thyroid gland. It discusses the surgical anatomy, development, blood supply, nerve supply, physiology and investigations of the thyroid gland. It then outlines the process of gathering equipment, taking a patient history, and performing a physical examination including inspection, palpation, percussion and auscultation of the thyroid. The examination aims to determine if the swelling is benign or malignant, localized or diffuse, mobile or fixed, and assess for any pressure effects or toxic manifestations. Differential diagnoses are also considered.
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Examination of thyroid
The document outlines the steps for examining the thyroid gland which includes inspection of the hands, pulse, eyes, face and thyroid as well as palpation. Inspection evaluates features like dry skin, sweating, tremors and examines the eyes, face and thyroid for signs like exopthalmos, lid lag and masses. Palpation assesses the thyroid gland for size, symmetry, consistency and thrills. Additional tests like thyroid function tests, FNAC and imaging may also be used.
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1) The anatomy, physiology, common conditions like goiter, and presenting complaints are outlined.
2) The examination involves inspection of the neck, hands, eyes, and face, as well as palpation of the thyroid gland and lymph nodes, percussion of the sternum, and auscultation of the thyroid.
3) Special tests like assessing reflexes and proximal muscle strength are also described. A checklist is provided to ensure all relevant assessment steps are completed systematically.
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History
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Laboratory tests
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This document provides tips and instructions for using a PowerPoint presentation (ppt) for active learning sessions:
1. The ppt can be freely downloaded, edited, and modified. Blank slides are included to engage students in discussing topics.
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Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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- 2. THYROID GLAND • The thyroid is the part of endocrine system, which is made up of glands that produce, store, and release hormones into the blood stream so the hormones can reach the body’s, cells.
- 3. The Gland is small butterfly shaped located in the base of neck just below the Adam’s apple.Although relatively small but it plays a huge role in our body, influencing the function of many of the body’s most Important organs, including heart, brain, liver and kidneys.
- 4. WIPE • Wash hands • Introduce yourself • Permission • Position ( patient sat in front of you upright) • Exposure (Neck exposed) IDENTIFY PATIENT • Name • Age • Date INSPECTION • Start with general inspection • Inspect the hands 1. Nails (clubbing) 2. Temperature 3. Sweaty palms 4. Palmer erythema 5. Resting tremor • Vitals 1. BP 2. Pulse 3. Temp • Eyes 1. Exophthalmus (Proptosis of Endocrine origin)
- 5. Neck • Identify any masses/lumps/asymmetry/scars/surface changes. • If any mass is identified ask the patient to protrude their tongue and assess whether this causes it to move . • Assess whether the mass moves upon swallowing ( thyroid swellings will move upwards with swallowing). To do this, ask the patient to take a drink of water, hold it in their mouth and then swallow on command.
- 6. Palpation Palpate the thyroid from either along side or directly behind the patient. If you choose the later of these, be sure to warn the patient before you do so to avoid startling them. Identify the isthmus and then the lobes of the thyroid gland, define their boundaries (irregular) Ask the patient to swallow again whilst palpating the thyroid swellings. • Location • Size • Consistency • Mobility • Margins • Tenderness • Transillumination PERCUSSION • Percuss for retrosternal goitre.
- 8. AUSCULTATION • Auscultate over the thyroid for bruits • Abnormal swellings of the neck may also cause obstruction of breathing (stridor) Thyroid activity Normal activity Euthyroid Excessive activity Hyperthyroid Underactivity Hypothyroid
- 9. Note:After completing the examination of thyroid also check the cervical lymph nodes. CERVICAL LNs 1.Submental 2.Submandibular 3.Pre auricular 4.Post auricular 5.Ant. And post. Cervical chain 6.Supra clavicular 7.Occipital