The document discusses several theories of motivation: 1) Choice Theory proposes 4 basic psychological needs that motivate behavior: belonging, power/competence, freedom, and fun. Creating a sense of community and student choice can satisfy these needs. 2) Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs suggests lower-level needs like survival and security must be met before higher-level needs like belongingness and esteem can motivate. 3) Goal Theory proposes that goals affect motivation - learning goals motivate more than performance goals, and self-determined, specific, challenging goals with feedback are most effective. Objectives should be SMART to maximize motivation.

1. Theories on Factors
Affecting Motivation
John Migue F. Morales
BSE-English 2-1

2. Choice Theory
Biological theory that suggest we
are born with specific needs that
we are generically instructed to
satisfy.

3. 4 basic psychological needs:
 Belonging or connecting- motivates us to develop
relationships and cooperate with others
 Power or competence- gained through
competence, achievement, and mastery
 Freedom- having choices is a part of what it
means to be human.
 Fun- when we learn something new, we are
having fun

4. How can this be done?
 Create a sense of community in the classroom and
make every student feel s/he belongs to the
classroom community, s/he will more likely to
love to go to school
 What happens outside of us has a lot to do with
what we choose to do but the outside event does
not cause our behavior. What we get, and all we
ever get, and all we ever get from the outside is
information; how we choose to act on that
information is up to us.

5. MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF
NEEDS
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs- a
satisfied need is not a strong motivator
but an unsatisfied need is
Student’s lower-order needs must first
be met before s/he works for the
satisfaction of his/her higher-order
needs.

6. Low-order needs:
First-level: Basic survival and
physiological needs
Second-level: Bodily safety and
economic security

7. Higher-order needs:
Third-level: Need for love and
belonging
Fourth-level: Esteem and status,
including one’s feeling of self-worth
and of competence
Fifth-level: Self-actualization

8. GOAL THEORY
Goal Theory- The goals we
set for ourselves affect our
level of motivation.

9.  Learning goals versus performance goals-
Learning goals is a desire to acquire additional
knowledge or master new skills, while a
performance goal is a desire to look good and
receive favorable judgments
 Self-determined goals- When lessons objectives
are relevant to the life of students, then students
turn out to be more motivated to learn
 Goal setting- Is effective when the following
major elements are present 1.) Goal acceptance
2.) Specificity 3.) Challenge 4.) Performance
monitoring and 5.) Performance feedback. Thus
objective lesson must be SMART (specific,
measurable, attainable, result-oriented and time-bound)
and challenging