This document discusses motivation and self-determination. It describes intrinsic motivation, which comes from internal rewards, and extrinsic motivation, which comes from external rewards or punishments. Maslow's hierarchy of needs is also summarized, which positions basic needs like safety and belonging below higher-level needs like self-actualization and intellectual achievement. The document advocates supporting students' autonomy and sense of control to enhance intrinsic motivation and engagement in learning.
Slidecast based on a presentation given on October 29th 2009. An attempt to drill down to find concrete strategies to encourage optimal motivation for learning. Far from being an expert on this, this was an opportunity for me to explore a topic of interest.
Importance of motivation in teaching and learning
A project to promote conceptual learning for all;
Dr. Amjad ali arain; University of Sind; Faculty of education; Pakistan
Slidecast based on a presentation given on October 29th 2009. An attempt to drill down to find concrete strategies to encourage optimal motivation for learning. Far from being an expert on this, this was an opportunity for me to explore a topic of interest.
Importance of motivation in teaching and learning
A project to promote conceptual learning for all;
Dr. Amjad ali arain; University of Sind; Faculty of education; Pakistan
Unit 07 motivation in educational psychologyDARSGHAH
Unit 07 motivation in educational psychology Course code 0840 Educational psychology from ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD.
prepared by Ms. SAMAN BIBI & Mariam Rafique
Definiton of motivation
Extrinsic & intrinsic motivation
Characteristics of Extrinsic & Intrinsic Motivation
Factors increasing intrinsic motivation
Locus of contol
This powerpoint presentation is about Formative Assessment. It talks about What is FA?, Process of FA, Elements and the Use of FA. This PPT also talks about the 7 strategies of FA and what are some recommended strategies of FA. It also talks about the benefits and researchers that support Formative Assessment.
This presentation is about the learning theories which are the subject-matter of Educational Psychology. It focuses on the three main domain of learning theories; Behavioral , Cognitive and Constructive. Further, it also contains the educational implication of all learning theories.
Unit 07 motivation in educational psychologyDARSGHAH
Unit 07 motivation in educational psychology Course code 0840 Educational psychology from ALLAMA IQBAL OPEN UNIVERSITY ISLAMABAD.
prepared by Ms. SAMAN BIBI & Mariam Rafique
Definiton of motivation
Extrinsic & intrinsic motivation
Characteristics of Extrinsic & Intrinsic Motivation
Factors increasing intrinsic motivation
Locus of contol
This powerpoint presentation is about Formative Assessment. It talks about What is FA?, Process of FA, Elements and the Use of FA. This PPT also talks about the 7 strategies of FA and what are some recommended strategies of FA. It also talks about the benefits and researchers that support Formative Assessment.
This presentation is about the learning theories which are the subject-matter of Educational Psychology. It focuses on the three main domain of learning theories; Behavioral , Cognitive and Constructive. Further, it also contains the educational implication of all learning theories.
Learning
Learning can be defined in many ways, but most psychologists would agree that it is a relatively permanent change in behavior that results from experience. During the first half of the twentieth century, the school of thought known as behaviorism rose to dominate psychology and sought to explain the learning process.
The three major types of learning described by behavioral psychology are classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and observational learning.
Behaviorism
Behaviorism was the school of thought in psychology that sought to measure only observable behaviors.
Founded by John B. Watson and outlined in his seminal 1913 paper Psychology as the Behaviorist Views It, the behaviorist standpoint held that psychology was an experimental and objective science and that internal mental processes should not be considered because they could not be directly observed and measured.
Watson's work included the famous Little Albert experiment in which he conditioned a small child to fear a white rat. Behaviorism dominated psychology for much of the early twentieth century. While behavioral approaches remain important today, the latter part of the century was marked by the emergence of humanistic psychology, biological psychology, and cognitive psychology.Classical Conditioning
Classical conditioning is a learning process in which an association is made between a previously neutral stimulus and a stimulus that naturally evokes a response.
For example, in Pavlov's classic experiment, the smell of food was the naturally occurring stimulus that was paired with the previously neutral ringing of the bell. Once an association had been made between the two, the sound of the bell alone could lead to a response.
How Classical Conditioning Works
Operant Conditioning
Operant conditioning is a learning process in which the probability of a response occurring is increased or decreased due to reinforcement or punishment. First studied by Edward Thorndike and later by B.F. Skinner, the underlying idea behind operant conditioning is that the consequences of our actions shape voluntary behavior.
Skinner described how reinforcement could lead to increases in behaviors where punishment would result in decreases. He also found that the timing of when reinforcements were delivered influenced how quickly a behavior was learned and how strong the response would be. The timing and rate of reinforcement are known as schedules of reinforcement.
How Operant Conditioning Works
Observational Learning
Observational learning is a process in which learning occurs through observing and imitating others. Albert Bandura's social learning theory suggests that in addition to learning through conditioning, people also learn through observing and imitating the actions of others.As demonstrated in his classic "Bobo Doll" experiments, people will imitate the actions of others without direct reinforcement. Four important elements are essential for effective observational
Meaning, Definition, Characteristics, Causes or Factors Affecting Giftedness, Types of Giftedness, Tools for Identification and Assessment of Giftedness.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
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2. Internal state that arouses, directs, and
maintains behavior
People control their own motivation, although
outside sources can affect them
◦ Usually goal-oriented
◦ Intrinsic
◦ Extrinsic
3. Motivation associated with activities that are
their own reward
No need for incentives or punishments
Examples:
◦ Sarah loves studying math
◦ John plays for the football team
◦ Laura spends time with her family
4. Motivation created by external such as
rewards or punishments
Examples:
◦ Jack wants to get an A+ on the test
◦ Tim aims to break a school record in track
◦ Performing at the Olympics? Are the athletes
extrinsically motivated by a medal or intrinsically
motivated to achieve a personal goal (personal
record, the act of competing, etc.)
5. Lower Level Needs: For Survival and Safety
Higher Level Needs: For Intellectual
achievement and self-actualization
Self- Actualization: Maslow’s term for
self-fulfillment, the realization of personal
potential
All LOWER LEVEL NEEDS must be met before
HIGHER LEVEL NEEDS are addressed
6.
7. Also known as Deficiency Needs and consist
of: survival, safety, belonging, self-esteem
When these needs are met, the motivation for
fulfilling them decreases
8. Also known as Being Needs and consist of:
Intellectual achievement
aesthetic appreciation
self-actualization
When these needs are met, a persons motivation
increases to seek further fulfillment.
These needs are NEVER completely filled.
Ex) The more successful you are in your efforts
as a teacher, the harder you are likely to strive
for even greater improvement.
9. Many people believe that they move back and
forth between needs and may need one need
to motivate another need.
ex: Some people deny themselves safety
or friendship in order to achieve
knowledge, understanding or greater self-
esteem.
Do you agree or disagree? Any examples?
Experiences?
10. Maslow’s Theory does give us a way to look
at the student as a whole who
physical, emotional and intellectual needs are
all interrelated.
Ex) A child who had experienced a bad
divorce of their parents, (fear safety and self-
belonging) may have little interest in learning
how to divide fractions.
11. Self-Determination: We all need to feel
competent and capable in our interactions in
the world, to have choices and sense of
control over lives, and be connected to
others-belong to a social group.
12. Central to self-determination because it is
the desire to have our own wishes, rather
than external rewards or pressures.
Some people struggle with external pressure
such as rules or schedules, deadlines, orders.
Do any of you feel that you struggle when
you do not feel completely in control? In what
cases?
13. Research shows that having self-
determination and autonomy in the
classroom result in greater student interest
and curiosity, sense of
competence, creativity, etc.
Students like to be able to makes their own
choices and in return are interested in what
they are doing.
14. Students tend to seek the quickest, easiest
solution when they are pressured to perform.
Interesting Fact: Parents and students actually
prefer a more controlling teacher, even
though students learn more when their
teachers support autonomy.
15. Motivation is affected through the individuals'
perception of the events in two aspects:
controlling and informational.
Control- If a student feels pressure to act a
certain way then they will experience less
control and their intrinsic motivation will
decrease.
If the event provides information that
increases the students 'sense of competence,
then in intrinsic motivation will increase.
16. Help students plan actions to accomplish
self-selected goals.
Hold students accountable for the
consequences of their choices.
Provide rationales for limits, rules, and
constraints.
Acknowledge that negative emotions are valid
reactions to teacher control.
Use non-controlling, positive feedback.
17. Advantages SlideShare gives is that it allows
people all over the world to share their
created presentations to be referenced and
used on the world wide web.
PowerPoint lacks sharing abilities and can
only be shared if emailed to others.
This presentation can allow any user to
reference it and model themselves once it is
uploaded to SlideShare.
