the report on the standards of the drinking water. that is the standards given by the world health organisation.

1. GOVERNMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE VALSAD
SUBJECT: Environmental Science-1
Parameter
World Health
Organization
European
Union
United
States
China Canada
Tetrachloroethene and
Trichloroethene
40μg/l 10 μg/l “ “ “
Selenium 40 μg/l 10 μg/l 50 μg/l 10 μg/l “
Polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbons l
“ 0.10 μg/ “ “ “
Pesticides — Total “ 0.50 μg/l “ “ “
Pesticides (individual) “ 0.10 μg/ l “ “ “
Nitrite “ 0.50 mg/l
1 mg/L (as
N)
“ “
Nitrate 50 mg/l 50 mg/l
10 mg/L (as
N)
10 mg/L
(as N)
“
Nickel “ 20 μg/l “ “ “
Mercury 6 μg/l 1 μg/l 2 μg/l 0.05 μg/l “
Lead “ 10 μg/l 15 μg/l 10 μg/l “
Fluoride 1.5 mg/l 1.5 mg/l 4 mg/l 1 mg/l “

2. Parameter
World Health
Organization
European
Union
United
States
China Canada
Epichlorohydrin “ 0.10 μg/l “ “ “
Cyanide “ 50 μg/l 0.2 mg/L 50 μg/l “
Copper “ 2.0 mg/l TT 1 mg/l “
Chromium 50μg/l 50 μg/l 0.1 mg/L
50 μg/l
(Cr6)
“
Cadmium 3 μg/l 5 μg/l 5 μg/l 5 μg/l “
Bromate “ 10 μg/l 10 μg/l “ “
Boron 2.4mg/l 1.0 mg/L “ “ “
Benzo(a)pyrene “ 0.010 μg/l 0.2 μg/l
0.0028
μg/l
“
Benzene 10μg/l 1.0 μg/l 5 μg/l “ “
Barium 700μg/l ns 2 mg/L “ “
Arsenic 10μg/l 10 μg/l 10μg/l 50μg/l “
Antimony ns 5.0 μg/l 6.0 μg/l “ “
Acrylamide “ 0.10 μg/l “ “ “
1,2-dichloroethane “ 3.0 μg/l 5 μg/l “ “

3. BASED ON INDIAN STANDERD
Table 1 Organoleptic and Physical parameters
Sl. Substance or Requirement Undesirable effect Permissible Method of Remarks
No. characteristic (Acceptable outside the limit in the test (Refto
Limit)
acceptable
limit absence of IS)
alternate
source
i) Colour, Hazen 5 Above 5 consumer 15 3025 (Part Extended to 15
units, Max acceptance 4) only if toxic
decreases substances are
not suspected in
absence of
alternate
sources.
ii) Odour Agreeable - Agreeable 3025 (Part a)Test cold and
5) when heated
b) Test at
several
dilutions.
iii) Taste Agreeable - Agreeable 3025 (Part Test to be
7 and 8) conducted only
after safety has
been
established.
iv) Turbidity, NTU, 1 Above 5 consumer 5 3025 (Part -
Max acceptance 10)
decreases
v) Dissolved 500 Beyond this 2000 3025 (Part -

4. solids, mg/l, palatability 16)
Max decreases and may
cause
gastrointestinal
irritation.
vi) pH value 6.5-8.5 Beyond this range No 3025 (Part - -
the water will affect Relaxation 11)
the mucous
membrane and/or
water supply
system.
vii) Total hardness 200 Encrustation in 600 3025 (Part - -
(as CaCO3), water supply 21)
mg/l, Max structure and
adverse effects on
domestic use.
NOTE 1: It is recommended that the acceptable limit is to be implemented. Values in excess of
those mentioned under Acceptable render the water not acceptable, but still may be tolerated in
the absence of an alternative source but upto the limits indicated under permissible limit in the
absence of alternate source in col (5), above which the sources will have to be rejected.
Table 2 General Parameters concerning substancesundesirable in excessive amounts
Sl. Substance or Requirement Undesirable Permissible Method Remarks
No. characteristic (Acceptable effect outside the limit in the of test
Limit) acceptable limit absence of (Ref to
alternate IS)
source
i) Iron (as Fe), 0.3 Beyond this limit No relaxation 3025 Total
mg/l, Max taste/appearance (Part 53) concentration of
are affected, has Manganese (as
adverse effect on Mn) and Iron (as

5. domestic uses Fe) shall not
and water supply exceed 0.3 mg/l
structures, and
promotes iron
bacteria
ii) Aluminium (as 0.03 Cumulative effect 0.2 3025 -
Al), mg/l, Max is reported to (Part 55)
cause dementia.
iii) Copper (as Cu), 0.05 Astringent taste, 1.5 3025 -
mg/l, Max discoloration and (Part 42)
corrosion of
pipes, fitting and
utensils will be
caused beyond
this.
iv) Manganese (as 0.1 Beyond this limit 0.3 IS 3025 Total
Mn), mg/l, Max taste/appearance (Part 59) concentration of
are affected, has Manganese (as
adverse effect on Mn) and Iron (as
domestic uses Fe) shall not
and water supply exceed 0.3 mg/l
structures.
v) Zinc (as Zn), 5 Beyond this limit 15 3025 -
mg/l, Max it can cause (Part 49)
astringent taste
and an
opalescence in
water.
vi) Magnesium (as 30 Encrustation in No 3025 -
Mg), mg/l, Max water supply Relaxation (Part 46)
structure and
adverse effects

6. on domestic use.
vii) Barium (as Ba), 0.7 May lead to No relaxation Annex F -
mg/l, Max cardiovascular of IS
problem. 13428*/I
S 15302
viii) Calcium (as 75 Encrustation in 200 3025 -
Ca), water supply (Part 40)
mg/l, Max structure and
adverse effects
on domestic use.
ix) Silver (as Ag), 0.1 - No relaxation Annex J -
mg/l, Max 0f IS
13428
x) Selenium (as 0.01 Beyond this, the No relaxation 3025 -
Se), mg/l, Max water becomes (Part 56)
toxic. or IS
15303*
xi) Molybdenum 0.07 Beyond this it No relaxation 3025 -
(as Mo), mg/l, may cause (Part
Max osteoporosis/ 2;2002)/
bone disorders. ISO
11885:
1996
xii) Boron (as B), 0.5 - 1.0 IS 3025 -
mg/l, Max (Part 57)
xiii) Nitrate (as 45 Beyond this No relaxation 3025 -
NO3) methaemoglobina (Part 34)
mg/l, Max mia takes
place/may be
indicative of
pollution

7. xiv) Sulphate (as 200 Beyond this 400 3025 May be
SO4) mg/l, causes gastro (Part 24) extended to 400
Max intestinal provided that
irritation when Mg does not
magnesium or exceed 30
sodium is
present.
xv) Sulphide (as Below Beyond this it No relaxation 3025 -
H2S), mg/l, detectable limit may cause (Part 29)
Max objectionable
taste and odour
xvi) Fluoride (as F) 1.0 Fluoride may be 1.5 IS 3025 -
mg/l, Max kept as low as (Part 60)
possible. High
fluoride may
cause fluorosis.
xvii) Chlorides (as 250 Beyond this limit 1000 3025 -
Cl) taste corrosion (Part 32)
mg/l, Max and palatability
are affected.
xviii) Ammonia (as 0.5 Toxicological No relaxation IS 3025 -
total ammonia- effect about 200 (Part 34)
N), mg/l, Max mg per kg of
body weight.
xix) Chloramines 0.2 Eyes, nose No relaxation IS 3025 -
(as Cl2), mg/l, irritation, (Part 26)
Max anaemia, stomach or APHA

8. discomfort 4500-Cl
G.
xx) Residual, Free 0.2 - 1 3025 To be applicable
chlorine, mg/l, (Part 26) only when water
Min is chlorinated.
Tested at
consumer end.
When protection
against viral
infection is
required, it
should be
minimum 0.5
mg/l.
xxi) Total 200 Beyond this limit 600 3025 -
Alkalinity as taste becomes (Part 23)
calcium unpleasant.
carbonate,
mg/l, Max
xxii) Phenolic 0.001 Beyond this may 0.002 3025 -
compounds (as cause (Part 43)
C6H5OH) objectionable
mg/l, Max taste and odour.
xxiii) Mineral Oil, Below Beyond this limit No relaxation IS 3025 -
mg/l, Max detectable limit undesirable taste (Part 39)
and odour after Infrared
chlorination take partition
place. method
xxiv) Anionic 0.2 Beyond this limit 1.0 Annex K -
detergents (as it can cause a to IS
MBAS) mg/l, light froth in 13428
Mineral Oil, water.

9. mg/l, Max
NOTE 2: In case of dispute, the method indicated by ‘*’ shall be the referee method.
NOTE 3: It is recommended that the acceptable limit is to be implemented. Values in excess
of those mentioned under Acceptable render the water not acceptable, but still may be
tolerated in the absence of an alternative source but upto the limits indicated under
permissible limit in the absence of alternate source in col (5), above which the sources will
have to be rejected.
Table 3 Parameters concerning toxic substances
Sl. Substance or Requirement Undesirable effect Permissible Method of Remarks
No. characteristic (Acceptable outside the limit in the test (Ref
Limit) acceptable limit absence of to IS)
alternate
source
i) Total 0.05 May be No 3025 (Part -
Chromium (as carcinogenic relaxation 52)
Cr6+), mg/l, above this limit
Max
ii) Total Arsenic 0.01 Beyond this the 0.05 3025 (Part -
(as As), water becomes 37)
mg/l, Max toxic
iii)) Mercury (as 0.001 Beyond this the No 3025 (Part -
Hg), mg/l, Max water becomes relaxation 48)/
toxic Mercury
Analyser
iv) Cadmium (as 0.003 Beyond this the No 3025 (Part -
Cd), mg/l, Max water becomes relaxation 41)
toxic
v) Lead (as Pb), 0.01 Beyond this the No 3025 (Part -
mg/l, Max water becomes relaxation 47)
toxic

10. vi) Nickel (as Ni), 0.02 Beyond this it may No 3025 (Part -
mg/l, Max cause allergic relaxation 54)
reaction.
vii) Cyanide (as 0.05 Beyond this the No 3025 (Part -
CN), mg/l, Max water becomes relaxation 27)
toxic
viii) Polynuclear 0.0001 May be No APHA -
Aromatic carcinogenic relaxation 6440
Hydrocarbons
(as PAH),mg/l,
Max
ix) Polyclorinated 0.0005 May be No ASTM -
biphenyls mg/l, carcinogenic relaxation 5175/
Max APHA
6630
x) Trihalomethanes
a) Bromoform 0.1 May be No ASTM D -
mg/l, Max carcinogenic relaxation 3973-85/
above this limit APHA
b) Dibromochloro 0.1 May be No ASTM D -
methane mg/l, carcinogenic relaxation 3973-85/
Max above this limit APHA
c) Bromodichloro 0.1 May be No ASTM D -
methane mg/l, carcinogenic relaxation 3973-85/
Max above this limit APHA
d) Chloroform 0.1 May be No ASTM D -
mg/l, Max carcinogenic relaxation 3973-85/
above this limit APHA

11. xi) Pesticides mg/l, Table 5 Toxic No Table 5 -
Max relaxation
NOTE 4: It is recommended that the acceptable limit is to be implemented. Values in excess
of those mentioned under Acceptable render the water not acceptable, but still may be
tolerated in the absence of an alternative source but upto the limits indicated under
permissible limit in the absence of alternate source in col (5), above which the sources will
have to be rejected.
Table 4 Parameters concerning radioactive substances
Sl. Substance or Requiremen Undesirable effect Permissible Method of Remarks
No. characteristic t outside the limit in the test (Ref
(Acceptable acceptable limit absence of to IS)
Limit) alternate
source
i) Radioactive Materials
a) Alpha emitters 0.1 May be carcinogenic 0.1 IS 14194 -
Bq/l, Max above this limit (Pt. 2)
b) Beta emitters 1.0 May be carcinogenic 1.0 IS 14194 -
Bq/l, Max above this limit (Pt. 1)
NOTE 5: It is recommended that the acceptable limit is to be implemented. Values in excess
of those mentioned under Acceptable render the water not acceptable, but still may be
tolerated in the absence of an alternative source but upto the limits indicated under
permissible limit in the absence of alternate source in col (5), above which the sources will
have to be rejected.
Table 5 Pesticide residues limits and test method
Sl. Pesticide Limit Test method
No. µg/l USEPA AOAC/ ISO

12. i) DDT (o,p and p,p – Isomers of DDT, 1 508 AOAC 990.06
DDE and DDD)
ii) Gamma – HCH (Lindane) 2 508 AOAC 990.06
iii) 2,4- D 30 515.1
iv) Isoproturon 9 532
v) Alachor 20 525.2, 507
vi) Atrazine 2 525.2, 8141 A
vii) Aldrin/ Dieldrin 0.03 508
viii) Alpha HCH 0.01 508
ix) Beta HCH 0.04 508
x) Delta HCH 0.04 508
xi) Endosulfan (alpha, beta,and 0.4 508 AOAC 990.06
sulphate)
xii) Monocrotophos 1 8141 A
xiii) Ethion 3 1657 A
xiv) Chlorpyriphos 30 525.2, 8141 A
xv) Phorate 2 8141 A
xvi) Butachlor 125 525.2, 8141 A
xvii) Methyl parathion 0.3 8141 A ISO 10695
xviii) Malathion 190 8141 A
Table 6 Bacteriological quality of drinking water a
Organisms Guidelines
All water intended for drinking
E. coli or thermotolerant coliform bacteria b,c
Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample.

13. Treated water entering the distribution
system Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample.
E. coli or thermotolerent coliform Bacteria b
Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample.
Total coliform bacteria
Treated water in the distribution system
E. coli or thermotolerent coliform Bacteria Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample.
Total coliform bacteria d
Must not be detectable in any 100 ml sample.
In the case of large supplies, where sufficient
samples are examined, must not be present in
95% of samples taken throughout any 12
month period.
a) Immediate investigative action must be taken if either E.coli or total coliform
bacteria are detected. The minimum action in the case of total coliform bacteria is
repeat sampling; if these bacteria are detected in the repeat sample, the cause
must be determined by immediate further investigation.
b) Although, E.coli is the more precise indicator of faecal pollution, the count of
thermotolerant coliform bacteria is an acceptable alternative. If necessary, proper
confirmatory tests must be carried out. Total coliform bacteria are not acceptable
indicators of the sanitary quality of rural water supplies, particularly in tropical
areas where many bacteria of no sanitary significance occur in almost all
untreated supplies.
c) It is recognized that, in the great majority of rural water supplies in developing
countries, faecal contamination is widespread. Under these conditions, the
national surveillance agency should set medium-term targets for progressive
improvement of water supplies,
d) In the remaining five percent sample total coliform bacteria should not exceed
ten per hundred ml.

14. LIST OF REFERREDINDIAN STANDARDS
IS No. Title
1622:1981 Methods of sampling and microbiological examination of water (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
1): 1987 Part 1 Sampling (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
4):1983 Part 4 Colour (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
5):1983 Part 5 Odour (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
7):1984 Part 7 Taste threshold (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
8):1984 Part 8 Tasting rate (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
10):1984 Part 10 Turbidity (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
11):1983 Part 11 pH value (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
16):1984 Part 16 Filterable residue (Total Dissolved Solids) (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
21):1983 Part 21 Total hardness (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
23):1983 Part 23 Alkalinity (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
24):1986 Part 24 Sulphates (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
26):1986 Part 26 Chlorine residual (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
27):1986 Part 27 Cyanide (first revision)

15. 3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
29):1986 Part 29 Sulphide (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
32):1988 Part 32 Chloride (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
34):1988 Part 34 Nitrogen (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
37):1988 Part 37 Arsenic (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
39):1989 Part 39 Oil and grease
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
40):1991 Part 40 Calcium
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
41):1992 Part 41 Cadmium (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
42):1992 Part 42 Copper (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
43):1992 Part 43 Phenols (first revision)
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
46):1994 Part 46 Magnesium
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
47):1994 Part 47 Lead
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
48):1994 Part 48 Mercury
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
49):1994 Part 49 Zinc
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
52):2003 Part 52 Chromium
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
53):2003 Part 53 Iron

16. 3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
54):2003 Part 54 Nickel
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
55):2003 Part 55 Aluminium
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
56):2003 Part 56 Selenium
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
57) : 2005 Part 57 Boron
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
59) : 2006 Part 59 Manganese
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
60) : 2008 Part 60 Fluoride
3025 (Part Methods of sampling and test (physical and chemical) for water and waste water :
2):2002/ISO Part 2 Determination of 33 elements by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic
11885:1996 Emission Spectroscopy
13428:2003 Packaged NaturalMineral Water – Specification (first revision)
14194(Part Radionuclides in environmental samples – Method of estimation : Part 1 Gross
1):1994 beta activity measurement
14194(Part Radionuclides in environmental samples – Method of estimation : Part 2 Gross
2):1994 alpha activity measurement
15302:2002 Determination of aluminium and barium in water by direct nitrous oxide-
acetylene flame atomic absorption spectrometry
15303:2002 Determination of antimony, iron and selenium in water by electrothermal atomic
absorption spectrometry
BASED ON BRITISHSTANDERD
Number Title
BS EN 1302: 1999 Aluminium based co-agulants – Analytical methods
BS EN 1420-1: 2016
Influence of organic materials on water intended for human consumption –
Determination
of odour and flavour assessment of water in piping systems
BS EN 12485: 2010 Calcium carbonate, high-calcium lime and half burnt dolomite - Test methods

17. BS EN 12873-1: 2014
Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption – Influence due
to
migration – Part 1: Test method for non-metallic and non-cementitious factory
made
products
BS EN 12873-2: 2004
Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption – Influence due
to
migration – Part 2: Test method for non-metallic and non-cementitious site –
applied
materials
BS EN 12873-3: 2006
Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption – Influence due
to
migration – Part 3: Test method for ion exchange and adsorbent resins
BS EN 12873-4: 2006
Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption – Influence due
to
migration – Part 4: Test method for water treatment membranes
BS EN 12901: 1999 Inorganic supporting and filtering materials – Definitions
BS EN 12902: 2004 Inorganic supporting and filtering materials – Methods of test
BS EN 13052-1: 2001
Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption – Organic
materials –
Determination of colour and turbidity of water in piping systems – Part 1: Test
method
BS EN 14395-1: 2004 Influence of materials on water intended for human consumption – Organoleptic
assessment of water in storage systems – Part 1: Test method
BS EN 14718: 2014 Influence of organic materials on water intended for human consumption –
Determination of the chlorine demand – Test Method
BS EN 14944-1: 2006
Influence of factory made cementitious products on organoleptic parameters –
Test
methods – Part 1: Influence of factory made cementitious products on
organoleptic
parameters
BS EN 14944-3: 2007
Influence of factory made cementitious products on organoleptic parameters –
Test
methods – Part 3: Migration of substances from factory-made cementitious
products
BS EN 15664-1: 2008
+
Influence of metallic materials on water intended for human consumption –
Dynamic rig
A1:2013 test for assessment of metal release – Part 1: Design and operation

18. BS EN 15664-2:2010
Influence of metallic materials on water intended for human consumption –
Dynamic rig
test for assessment of metal release – Part 2: Test Waters
BS EN 15768:2015 *
Influence of materials on water for human consumption – GC-MS identification
of water
leachable organic substances
BS EN 16057:2012 * Influence of metallic materials on water intended for human consumption –
Determination of residual surface lead (Pb)- Extraction method
BS EN 16058:2012 *
Influence of metallic materials on water intended for human consumption –
Dynamic rig
test for assessment of surface coatings with Nickel layers- Long term test method
BS EN 16056:2012 *
Influence of metallic materials on water intended for human consumption-
Method to
evaluate the passive behaviour of Stainless Steels
BS EN 16421:2014 *
Influence of materials on water for human consumption – enhancement of
microbial
growth (EMG)
BS 6920-1:2014 +
Corr
Suitability of non-metallic materials and products for use in contact with water
intended
1 for human consumption with regard to their effect on water quality – Part 1:
Specification
BS 6920-2.1:2014
Suitability of non-metallic materials and products for use in contact with water
intended
for human consumption with regard to their effect on water quality – Part 2:
Methods of
test – Section 2.1: Samples for testing
Guide By:
Prof. Sandip Bhatt
Created by:
Environmental Engineering Department
Bhadani Ashishkumar j. 160190113003
Dankhara Nirmal 160190113009
Butani Henil R. 160190113006
Chauhan Sanjay 160190113007