The document discusses the semantic web, including its history and key components. It describes how the semantic web aims to make web content machine-readable through technologies like XML, URIs, RDF, RDFS, and OWL. This will allow computers to better understand web resources and their relationships, enabling more intelligent searching and use of web data than is possible on the traditional web. However, developing the semantic web also faces challenges such as complexity, lack of industry adoption, and needing further consensus on technical standards.

1. SKN SIT, LONAVALA
Semantic Web
G U I D E : - P R F O. P. R . B A R A PAT R E
BY
A B H I J I T C . M A N E PAT I L
RO L L N O. - C E 1 9

2. Contents
 Introduction.
 History.
 Layered approach of Semantic Web.
 Content of Semantic Web.
 Need of Semantic Web.
 Issues and Challenges.
 Conclusion.
 References.

3. Introduction
 Definition :
"The Semantic Web is an extension of the current web in
which information is given well-defined meaning, better
enabling computers and people to work in co-operation.”
 It is the web of data that can be processed directly & indirectly
by machine.
 It Defines the things in the way that computer application can
understand it.
 Developed by Tim Berner lee.

4. Conti…
 Web has millions of documents with each one has set
of terms.
 Terms are used to search the documents.
 E.g. Book written by jone.
 Semantic web allows to search exact result.

5. History
 Web 1.0
 Read Only era
 Static Pages.
 e.g.. Wikipedia
 Web 2.0
 Dynamic Pages
 Active Interaction
 e.g. Facebook, You Tube.
 Web 3.0
 Next Evolution

6. Web 3.0
 Semantic Web
 Machine Understandable
 Intelligence web
 More Active Interaction
 Defines the specific syntax for web
 1) common format for integration & combination of data
 2) It is also about the language for recording that how the data
relates to real world objects.

7. Layered Approach of Semantic Web

8. Components of the Semantic Web
 XML
 Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
 Resource Description Framework (RDF)
 Resource Description Framework Schema (RDFS)
 Web Ontology Language (OWL)

9. XML
 HTML and XML
 XML with structured information
 XML shows the relationship betn terms of
documents
 Which is machine understandable every peace of
info. Is described.

10. Uniform Resource Identifier (URI)
 Web identifier : like string starting with http or ftp
 Anyone can create a URI
 Every resource has URI or a web address
 URI defines the web location
 Anything that has a URI is “On the Web‟‟

11. Resource Description Framework (RDF)
 Family of W3C designed as metadata model.
 General Methods for conceptual description or
modeling of information.(Syntax)
 Similar to the ER or Class diagrams
 Shows the relationship between Subject-Predicates-
Object (triples)
 E.g. „The Sky has the color blue‟
 RDF abstract model with serialization format (ie file
format)

12. RDF Schema
 Extensible knowledge representation language.
Range
involes
Domain Country
Citizen States
subclass subclass
Voting Non
Voting City Taluka
Citizen Town
Citizen
RDFS
type
RDF
Stays in
Abhijit Pune
(Predicate)
Subject Object

13. Web with RDF

14. OWL (Web Ontology Language )
 An ontology is an explict and formal specification of
a conceptualization.
 It consist of finite list of terms and relationship betn
them.
 Shared understanding
 Orgnizing and mapping wesite
 Improves the accuracy of web search

15. Issues and Challenges
 It’s Too Complex
 The RDF model is felt to be complex
 The RDF representation in XML looks complex
 Industry Isn’t Interested
 The Semantic Web won‟t take off unless the IT sector develops
tools
 Its Too Researchy
 The Semantic Web is an idea for the AI research community
and not for mainstream use
 Consensus Not Yet Reached On Architectural
Approach
 There is still debate on RDF, patent issues, etc.

16. Scope

17. Conclusion
 To conclude:
 The first version of the Web lacked a metadata framework which was
needed to describe resources
 W3C developed RDF to provide this framework
 Semantic web is the Future of Internet which will expected to
rewrite the internet as we know
 Change the way of information search on web
 Semantic web can overcome all the traditional problems to provide a
better and rich user experience to consumers all over the world.

18. References
• IEEE Internet Computing The Semantic Web: The Roles of XML
and RDF Stefan Decker And Sergey Melnik Stanford University.
• IEEE INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS Ontology Languages for the
Semantic Web Asunción Gómez-Pérez and Oscar Corcho,
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid.
• IEEE Published by the IEEE Computer Society:
Semantics Scales Up Beyond Search in Web 3.0
• T. Berners-Lee. Semantic Web Road Map