This document provides an introduction to AJAX (Asynchronous JavaScript and XML). It defines AJAX as a set of web development techniques using technologies like JavaScript, XML, HTML and CSS to create asynchronous web applications. AJAX allows web pages to be updated asynchronously by exchanging data with a web server behind the scenes, without reloading the entire page. This is done using the XMLHttpRequest object in JavaScript. The document discusses the basics of how AJAX works, its advantages like improved interactivity and speed, as well as some disadvantages like dependency on JavaScript and security issues.

1. INTRODUCTION TO AJAX
Presented By : Shatakshi Agarwal

2. CONTENT
What is AJAX ?
Bases of AJAX
How Ajax work ?
Pros & Cons

3. What is Ajax ?
Ajax is a set of Web development techniques using many
Web technologies on the client side to create
asynchronous Web applications.
Microsoft invented Ajax in 1999.
AJAX is an acronym for Asynchronous JavaScript And XML.
AJAX is not any new programming language, but simply a new
technique for creating better, faster, and more interactive web
applications.

4. AJAX uses JavaScript to send and receive data between a web
browser and a web server.
 The best example of AJAX implementation is Yahoo mails.
AJAX applications can only run in web browsers with complete
XML support.
Internet Explorer (IE) and Mozilla Firefox have complete enough
support for XML to run AJAX applications.

5. Diagram :-

6. Bases of AJAX
AJAX is very simple technology based on the following open
standards:
JavaScript
XML
HTML
CSS

7. The open standards used in AJAX are supported by all major
browsers.
 AJAX applications are browser and platform independent. You can
say it is a Cross-Platform and Cross-Browser technology at the same
time.
 A traditional web application usually submits its input (using an
HTML form) to a web server. After the web server has processed the
data/request, it will return a completely new web page to the user’s
browser.
Because the server returns a new web page each time the user
submits input, traditional web applications often run slowly and to
be less user friendly.

8. With AJAX, web applications can send and retrieve data without
reloading the whole web page. This is done by sending HTTP
requests to the server (behind the scenes), and by modifying only
parts of the web page using JavaScript when the server returns
data.
The back bone of the AJAX technology is :
the XMLHttpRequest object.
To create AJAX web applications, you have to become familiar
with the JavaScript object called the XMLHttpRequest.

9. The XMLHttpRequest
The XMLHttpRequest object is the key to AJAX. It has been available
ever since Internet Explorer 5.5 was released, but not fully discovered
before people started to talk about AJAX and Web 2.0 in 2005.

10. PROS
Speed is enhanced as there is no need to reload the page again.
AJAX make asynchronous calls to a web server, this means client
browsers avoid waiting for all the data to arrive before starting.
Form validation can be done successfully through it.
More interactive.

11. CONS
Ajax is dependent on Javascript. If there is some Javascript
problem with the browser or in the OS, Ajax will not support.
Source code written in AJAX is easily human readable. There will
be some security issues in Ajax.
Problem with browser back button when using AJAX enabled
pages.