The document discusses the semantic web, which aims to develop a web of data through standards like RDF. It seeks to enable users to more easily find, share and combine information by making web content machine-readable. Current limitations of HTML are addressed through semantic markup languages that classify content with metadata. Challenges include the vast and vague nature of web information. The semantic web architecture uses URIs to identify resources described in languages like RDF, RDFS, and queried with SPARQL. Examples of semantic web projects include DBpedia and FOAF.

2. INTRODUCTION
0 Semantic web is a collaborative movement lead by
world wide web consortium
0 Aims to develop a “web of data”
0 It is build on the w3c’s Resource Description
Framework
0 Standard definition coined by Tim Berners Lee
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3. PURPOSE
0 Enables user to find, share and combine information
more easily
0 Finding, combining and acting upon information on
web by machines
0 Understanding the requirements of the based upon
the semantically structured web
0 Tim Berners-Lee’s vision for a semantic web
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4. Limitations of HTML
0 Used to create structured documents by denoting
structural semantics
0 Provides a way to categorize the content on the web pages
through metadata tags
0 Example:
<meta name="author" content="John Doe" />
0 Extending HTML syntax to create machine readable
semantic markup
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5. Solutions
0 Languages like RDF, OWL, XML
0 Non semantic web page:
<item>blog</item>
0 Semantic web page:
<item rdf:about="http://example.org/semanticweb/">Semantic Web</item>
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6. Challenges
0 Vastness
0 Vagueness
0 Uncertainty
0 Inconsistency
0 Deceit
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7. Architecture
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8. URI
0 URI is a string of characters used to identify a name of
a web resource
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9. XML AND RDF
0 XML: A markup language used to define a set of rules
for encoding documents
0 RDF: A metadata model used for conceptual
description of information
SUBJECT
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OBJECT
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10. RDFS
0 Intended to structure RDF resources
0 Classes:
 rdfs:Resource,
 rdfs:Class,
 rdfs:Literal
0 Properties:
 rdfs:domain,
 rdfs:subClassOf
 rdfs:subPropertyOf
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11. SPARQL & RIF
0 SPARQL is an RDF query language
PREFIX foaf: <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/>
SELECT ?name ?email
WHERE { ?person a foaf: Person. ?person foaf: name ?name.
?person foaf: mbox ?email. }
0 RIF is used to exchange rules between the resources
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12. Projects
DBpedia:
0 Aiming to extract structured information
0 Allows users to query relationships and properties
associated with information
FOAF:
0 Describes the relationships people have to other people
0 connects people based on their jobs and the items
important to their lives
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13. Examples
0 Facebook Graph
0 Google Knowledge Graph
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14. PROS & CONS
PROS:
0 Personlisation
0 Artificial Intelligence
0 Mobility
0 The Semantic Web
0 User friendly
CONS:
0 Since it is a distributional model, so might not be an efficient representation
0 An Expertise is required to develop
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15. Disadvantages
0 Since it is a distributional model, so might not be an
efficient representation
0 An Expertise is required to develop
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16. Conclusion
0 Human has to define the concepts, things and events
0 Even though the vision is far away but the important
steps are achieved such as RDF and OWL
0 There are much to be fulfilled as the knowledge on the
web is vast
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