The document discusses the layers of a native New Zealand forest, including the sub-canopy layer. It takes 50-100 years for a tree to reach the emergent layer. The sub-canopy layer contains young, growing trees as well as vines and shrubs. Several bird species live in the sub-canopy, including kakas, robins, warblers, and fantails. Removing the sub-canopy would take away younger trees and many vines and ferns, leaving birds more exposed to predators with less food sources.