The Arctic tundra biome has very little rainfall and nutrient-poor soil, including a permanently frozen sublayer. Typical plants are short and grow together in clumps or cushions to withstand the cold. Reindeer moss, sedges, and cushion plants can survive. Animals like polar bears, Arctic foxes, and musk ox have adapted thick fur and blubber to stay warm. Humans impact the tundra through resource extraction and climate change.